"Based on an evidence-focused literature review, the first part of this paper examines existing knowledge on how the time children spend using digital technology impacts their well-being across three dimensions; mental/psychological, social and physical. The evidence reviewed here is largely inconcl
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usive with respect to impact on children’s physical activity, but indicates that digital technology seems to be beneficial for children’s social relationships. In terms of impact on children’s mental well-being, the most robust studies suggest that the relationship is U-shaped, where no use and excessive use can have a small negative impact on mental well-being, while moderate use can have a small positive impact. In the second part of the paper, the hypothetical idea of addiction to technology is introduced and scrutinized. This is followed by an overview of the hypothetical idea that digital technology might re-wire or hijack children’s brains; an assumption that is challenged by recent neuroscience evidence. In conclusion, considerable methodological limitations exist across the spectrum of research on the impact of digital technology on child well-being, including the majority of the studies on time use reviewed here, and those studies concerned with clinical or brain impacts. This prompts reconsideration of how research in this area is conducted. Finally, recommendations for strengthening research practices are offered." (Abstract)
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"In a world where new technologies are being developed at a dizzying pace, how can we best approach oral genres that represent heritage? Taking an innovative and interdisciplinary approach, this volume explores the idea of sharing as a model to construct and disseminate the knowledge of literary her
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itage with the people who are represented by and in it. Expert contributors interweave sociological analysis with an appraisal of the transformative impact of technology on literary and cultural production. Does technology restrict, constraining the experience of an oral performance, or does it afford new openings for different aesthetic experiences? Topics explored include the Mara Cultural Heritage Digital Library, the preservation of Ewe heritage material, new eresources for texts in Manding languages, and the possibilities of technauriture." (Publisher description)
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"Langues et médias en Afrique noire francophone est une contribution très précieuse qui se focalise sur cet aspect tout à fait négligé de l'analyse des mutations médiatiques africaines contemporaines : les transformations de la langue. Elle ouvre une réflexion sur ce que la manipulation de l
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a langue, par les journalistes actuels, révèle quant aux évolutions sociales. Ce qui est passionnant dans le recueil de textes proposé, c'est justement que les différentes contributions s'étendent sur près de 25 ans : elles balayent ainsi un quart de siècle d'histoire de la presse camerounaise, s'intéressant tantôt aux médias publics, tantôt à la presse privée, évoquant les radios ou encore touchant à des thématiques voisines comme celle des TIC. La presse écrite, qui est au centre de cet ouvrage, constitue le reflet de la société qui lui donne naissance. Dès lors, que révèle la langue qu'elle emploie sur l'état de la société camerounaise aujourd'hui, et plus largement sur celles de l'Afrique francophone ? L'auteur démontre avec méthode et rigueur scientifique que la mutation des identités et des pratiques professionnelles transparaissent dans les usages et formes verbales des journalistes africains francophones, tout autant que les évolutions globales des sociétés dont ils sont issus. C'est à ce décryptage fascinant que nous convie, depuis plus de vingt ans, le travail de Louis Martin Onguéné Essono, qui propose, à travers ce recueil, de nombreuses pistes de réflexion stimulantes." (Description de la maison d'édition)
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"This booklet contains three series of factsheets related to online child sexual exploitation providing easy, ready-to-use resources to anyone interested in getting a better grasp of this issue. The first series is comprised of factsheets describing different manifestations of online child sexual ex
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ploitation. The second series covers the five relevant regional and/or international legal frameworks containing provisions regarding one or more of the manifestations of online child sexual exploitation. Finally, the third series consists of Internet and Technology factsheets describing terms and tools which are relevant to understand the Internet and how different technologies are (potentially) used by child sex offenders or those trying to obstruct the perpetrators." (Foreword)
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"This is a case story demonstrating how puppetry was integrated into educational programmes in Myanmar to address disabilities and the importance of an inclusive education." (Publisher description)
"This collection of essays explores the complicated relationship between the messengers bringing news of catastrophic upheaval and the recipients of that message. It concentrates on the journalists, photographers and film-makers, reflecting not only the motivations behind their work, but also the ps
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ychological consequences of witnessing extreme suffering. The audience interpret the news according to their circumstance, be it with anger sympathy or with compassion-fatigued indifference. The book explores that reaction, which is always more nuanced than anticipated. Finally, the modern communication circle is completed by exploring the potential of the media to diminish conflict. This is demonstrated by the media bringing together communities that are either geographically or historically divided." (Publisher description)
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"Radio Sutatenza nació en el año de 1947 como una emisora rural de carácter cultural, fundada por el padre José Joaquín Salcedo, para ofrecer educación fundamental integral a los campesinos de Colombia y, de esta manera, transformar sus condiciones de vida personales, familiares y sociales. Co
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n fines y métodos propios, se pretendía, a través de la comunicación y de la educación, hacer del campesino analfabeto, marginado e incomunicado, un agente social. El modelo implementado estaba constituido por: radiodifusión (programas), radiorrecepción (audición organizada - Escuelas Radiofónicas), acceso (facilitando aparatos de radio y garantizando cobertura con sonido de calidad), sistema combinado de medios (radio, cartillas, libros, periódico, disco-estudio, etc.) y comunicación interpersonal (auxiliar inmediato, lideres, dirigentes, entre otros)." (Introducción, página 13)
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"Unsere Rekonstruktion der komplexen Ereignisabläufe in den zwölf Monaten Untersuchungszeit führte zur Identifikation von zehn Großereignissen. Wir gehen davon aus, dass jedes dieser Ereignisse wegen seines Neuigkeitswertes und seiner disruptiven Bedeutung das Potenzial besaß, meinungsbildende
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Prozesse in Gang zu setzen oder in Gang zu halten. Für die Medienanalyse orientierten wir uns am Theorem der „gestuften Medienwirkung“, dem zufolge die Leitmedien in der Rolle der Meinungsführer die Agenda setzen. Die Inhaltsanalyse der drei als Leitmedien geltenden Tageszeitungen Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Süddeutsche Zeitung und Die Welt zeigte erstens, dass der Inhalt überwiegend aus nachrichtlichen Berichten und meinungsbetonten Beiträgen besteht. Nur rund 4 Prozent der Texte gehören zu den Formen, die dialogisch funktionieren (wie Interviews), nur rund 6 Prozent sind authentisch recherchierte Berichte und/oder erzählende Formen (wie Reportagen). Fast jeder fünfte Text gehört zu den kommentierenden Formen – ein ungewöhnlich hoher Anteil, der für die ausgeprägte Meinungsfreude der drei Redaktionen steht." (Zusammenfassung, Seite 133)
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"This book explores the role and purpose of journalism to spark and propagate change by investigating human rights journalism and its capacity to inform, educate and activate change. Downman and Ubayasiri maximize this approach by proposing a new paradigm of reporting through the use of human-focuss
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ed news values. This approach is a radical departure from the traditional style that typically builds on abstract concepts. The book will explore human rights journalism through the lens of complex issues such as human trafficking and people smuggling in the Asian context. This is not just a book for journalists, or journalism academics, but a book for activists, human rights advocates or anyone who believes in the power of journalism to change the world." (Publisher description)
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"The Listening Groups Module contains the collective knowledge of the Internews South Sudan team gained over three years’ experience managing more than 700 Listening Groups across the country [...] “Part I. Context” describes the information and media landscape in South Sudan, and the value of
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Listening Groups as a tool for communicating with communities, accountability, and adaptive programming. “Part II. Case Study” discusses the implementation of Listening Groups to gather feedback on HIS programs in Juba and Malakal, as well as the Listening Groups organized in Abyei to support Internews’ news and information project in the area. The case studies also cover challenges and lessons learned in order to offer recommendations for future Listening Group activities." (Page 3)
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"Feminine identity has always been complicated by race and class in South Africa. The history of beauty pageants, like sporting contests, demonstrates the extent to which culture and contemporary politics intertwine. Examining the cover model choices of women’s magazines offers a fruitful means of
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tracking the complex interplay between beauty, power and politics. This paper explores cultural endorsements of femininity as they are represented on the covers of one of South Africa’s oldest women’s magazines. Using a content analysis of the covers of Fairlady from 1985 to 2005 the paper asks questions about how Fairlady mediated ideas about beauty, race, gender and nationhood in recent history. The paper reveals the essential role of the popular media in communicating the values of Nelson Mandela’s Rainbow Nation. It finds that this role is highly contradictory, however, and the representation of women is shaped by socio-political and cultural shifts and racialised discourses of beauty, often linked to other cultural industries. The paper argues that this ambiguous relationship to the political transition is partly a result of the inherently racist structures of globalised consumer culture, which have an ever-greater influence on the choice of cover model in the post-apartheid period." (Abstract)
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"This paper explores the role that citizen journalism is playing in democratising the mainstream media in Rwanda. Through in-depth interviews with journalists from two radio stations and by using the public sphere theory as a theoretical framework, this research sought to answer the question as to w
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hether citizen journalism in Rwanda propels media democratisation by enabling democratic deliberation through its ability to inform, filling in the gaps left by mainstream media and by encouraging critical thinking. The findings from this study show that citizens participate in the daily work of the media through commentaries and by serving as news sources. However, citizens have not yet had a tangible impact on the functioning of the two media where self-censorship and gatekeeping are widely practised. Democratisation of these radio stations appears to be more theoretical rather than an established practice." (Abstracts)
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"This guide is driven by the need not to add to the library of information on violent extremism but to underscore a message often missed: to reach young people effectively, we must respect their ability to grasp the reality of injustice, intolerance, and inequity [...] we found that three key messag
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es emerged from our analysis of all Youth Contributor submissions. For each key message, we have identified a corresponding framework to guide policy support to empower stakeholders.
1. Peace, empathy, and compassion cannot be taught. These are skills that are only fully realized through experiential learning and lived experience.
Policy Action: Provide opportunities for exchange and interaction and create conducive environments in which young people can develop and practice these skills.
2. Start now. Stakeholders can take immediate and important actions, even small actions, to support a culture that prevents violent extremism. No one needs to wait for permission or a comprehensive set of instructions.
Policy Action: Provide resources such as technical support, financing, guidance, and networks to empower actors.
3. This is a long, slow process. Preventing violent extremism requires the development of a resilient culture. It is the work of expanding opportunity. All stakeholders can play critical roles in making this culture a reality." (Preface, page 10-11)
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"This article offers a critique of widely disseminated portrayals of northern Malian Tuareg by outside media, which tend to portray all Tuareg as warriors and criminals and to project pseudo-scientific concepts of “race” onto relationships between Tuareg and other Malians, recalling the now disc
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redited colonial “Hamitic Myth” in Rwanda. It also analyzes local oral historical accounts that present themes of Mali as both a protected fortress and welcoming crossroads, a country that both resists and absorbs intruders, and that also express concepts of identity based on language, culture, and flexible social affiliation. The article is based partly on interviews with internationally known local musicians who function as mediating “third voices,” and concludes with a discussion of wider implications of these findings for notions of voice, authority, and the mutual construction of ideas of Africa." (Abstract)
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"The quest for competitiveness and popularity of a campus radio station needs to be balanced with the epistemological frames of community radio, which include participation, community ownership, and opposition to hegemonic discourse in the mainstream media as well as independence from political and
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market influences. I contribute to these reflections by highlighting how within this frame ATL FM is facing dilemmas and challenges that have not occupied community media theorists so far. Through content analysis and in-depth interviews, I investigate whether a community radio can serve and encourage the participation of the local community when professional rather than community members exclusively manage it. I propose a conscious incorporation of stakeholders in the community radio business model as a possible solution to this dilemma." (Abstract)
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"The study found that among women, access to and use of the internet is highly dependent on the type of mobile device used and on level of education. Connecting with friends and family, entertainment and education emerged as the main reasons why the female respondents used the internet. Unreliable y
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et expensive internet or data services; inadequate technical know-how on internet use and online insecurity were some of the challenges the women reported were hampering their access and use of the internet. On the basis of the findings, it is recommended that existing data prices are reviewed; public education and awareness creation efforts especially among women and girls are intensified; existing policies are updated with targets and budget allocations to facilitate implementation and monitoring; and more research done to provide scientific evidence to inform policies, interventions and advocacy to help improve the women’s rights online situation in the country." (Pages 4-5)
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"Con el objetivo de incluir a toda la población del país en las audiencias radiales, el Grupo RPP encargó una investigación a nivel nacional rural que representa el 22% de la población, según cifras oficiales del INEI. De este modo, al juntar los resultados de la audiencia de esta investigaci
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n con la audiencia radial a nivel urbano que se maneja en la industria publicitaria, se obtiene una audiencia integral a nivel total Perú. Para el caso se manejó una muestra panel de 1,200 personas distribuidas en 150 caseríos en 24 departamentos, respetando el peso poblacional rural de cada uno de ellos. Los caseríos fueron elegidos estrictamente al azar a partir de la base de datos de centros poblados rurales del INEI. La importancia de esta investigación es que permite estimar el gran potencial que tiene la radio al alcanzar a nivel Perú Rural el 81,5% (4’0 millones de personas de 11 a más años) en el término de una semana. El total de audiencia rural semanal representa el 18% y a nivel audiencia urbana el 82% del total nacional. Las emisoras locales en la zona rural tienen una mayor presencia respecto a las emisoras nacionales. Según emisoras, R.P.P. alcanza durante la semana al 26,6% de esta población de 11 a más años, que representa 1’3 millón de personas que escuchan esta radio, en menor medida se ubica Nueva Q con un alcance semanal de 3,8%, le sigue La Karibeña con 3,5%, Moda 2,7% y Exitosa 2,1% entre las más destacadas." (Página 1)
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