"Since the beginning of the 1970s, the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung has taken a holistic approach to its support of the media in its international and European cooperation efforts. What started as individual training projects for senior journalists and the support of communications studies in Latin Amer
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ica then became a range of activities within the regional media programme for Latin America at the beginning of the 1990s. The transnational approach was so successful from the start that the foundation started another media programme in Asia in 1996. The programmes in sub-Saharan Africa and in Southeast Europe followed in 2002 and 2007. Free and independent media are central to any democratic system. Promoting them is the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung’s mission and responsibility. We hope to contribute to ensuring that the media perform their role in the development and stabilisation of democracy worldwide, and live up to their political responsibility." (Foreword, page 3)
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"What has been the state-of-play for African media in the 20 years since the historic Windhoek Declaration of 1991 which gave rise to World Press Freedom Day every 3 May? And what can be expected over the next decade? More than 70 commentators illuminate the trajectory in a range of contributions in
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this book - covering the issues of media freedom, pluralism, independence and access to information. Journalists’ safety, gendersensitive reporting, and the role of the Internet are amongst the topics covered. In a nutshell, progress has been made since 1991, but much remains to be achieved. There’s a grave danger that the momentum of media freedom is slowing and even reversing in many countries. Meanwhile, the rise of new communications technologies puts pressure on African journalists to live up to their ideals more than ever." (Back cover)
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"Nowhere in modern history has media assistance been as concentrated and large in scale as in the case of Kosovo, where under the auspices of the OSCE, different state and non-governmental actors have invested millions in the crisis-ridden media system. This thesis discusses the strategies for media
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assistance actors in Kosovo and focuses on their outcome by questioning whether the international actors involved have been able to establish a more democratic media system, and questioning which strategies have been successful and which have not. The results are discussed by utilising the theoretical framework of the modernisation theory. The author has interviewed media assistance actors by using two methods: an online survey and face-to-face interviews. In addition, 26 Kosovar journalists, media owners and researchers were questioned in order to evaluate the approach used by the international actors. The findings primarily suggest that media assistance actors have focused too little on economic development in Kosovo and that since the beginning of the international intervention, Kosovar media has never been as fragile and threatened as now." (Abstract)
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"A wide array of media development practitioners, donors, international broadcasters, and methodologists, all with extensive experience working in media initiatives in conflict environments met in Caux, Switzerland, in December 2010, to establish the Caux Guiding Principles, whose full text is in th
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is report. Based on a careful appraisal of the current status of monitoring and evaluating media interventions in conflict countries, the Caux Principles outline measures that stakeholders can take to improve evaluation. The Caux Principles urge those working in media and conflict initiatives to take several concrete steps to improve evaluation. These include enabling better collaboration between donors and implementers, expanding financial support for evaluation, encouraging realistic and honest assessments of project successes and failures, designing flexible evaluation plans that are sensitive to changing conditions on the ground, and engaging with local researchers." (Abstract)
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"The capitalization gap for independent news media businesses in impact arguments to extend support to independent news media businesses. There are also convincing arguments that providing finance capital has a significant impact on independent media sustainability, as proven by recent successful pu
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blic-private initiatives that have mobilized funding to independent news media businesses around the world. This paper assesses the capitalization gap, identifies entry points for philanthropic capital and prepares a compelling case for developing existing initiatives and exploring new ones that can bridge the gap and channel necessary funding to the sector." (Abstract)
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"Foundations are making more media and journalism grants not for the sake of media alone, but because they are finding they need a healthy news ecosystem in order to achieve their strategic goals." With this in mind, the John S. and James L. Knight Foundation and the William Penn Foundation have pub
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lished this booklet as a resource for use as a starting point for organisations interested in making media, journalism, or community-information grants. The booklet is divided in two primary sections - the first containing key points that a user is encouraged to know, the second a short list of suggestions on how to get started. A final section of "Additional reading" is included at the end, as well as a link to the Information Needs website for further resources." (Communication Initiative)
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"Diese Arbeit skizziert Ansätze für eine holistische Theorie der Medienentwicklungszusammenarbeit, kurz MEZ. Sie geht der Frage nach, wie sich die MEZ beschreiben lässt und in welchen Zusammenhängen sie gesehen werden muss. Forschung und Praxis haben dies bislang weitgehend versäumt, sodass unk
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lar ist, welche Rolle die Medien für die gesellschaftliche Entwicklung spielen. Weder in den Geber- noch in den Entwicklungsländern findet der notwendige wissenschaftliche Diskurs über Wirkungen und Herausforderungen der MEZ statt. Es liegen veraltete Modelle vor, die der Medienrealität im 21. Jahrhundert nicht mehr gerecht werden. Eine ganzheitliche Theorie benötigt Analyseebenen, die aus der jüngeren theoretischen und praktischen MEZ-Literatur abgeleitet werden. Sie werden entsprechend der „Worlds of Journalism Study“ modifiziert und miteinander in Beziehung gesetzt. Daraus ergeben sich zunächst internationale und gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen, die auf die MEZ ebenso einwirken wie Paradigmen der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit, etwa die Demokratisierung und Good Governance." (Kurzzusammenfassung, Seite iii)
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"The Media Map Project is investigating the relationships between media and development, and analyzing the impact of media development assistance in specific contexts. The project undertakes a three-pronged approach. Part 1, Quantifying Media is an extensive quantitative analysis of macro data, appl
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ying econometric and statistical approaches to examine the relationships between media and development. Part 2, Country Case Studies, explores the impact of donor-funded media development interventions on a micro level, in 8 countries. Part 3, Donor Decision-Making, investigates how media development donors assess the impact of their initiatives [...] This paper provides an overview of the quantitative data used in Part 1, Quantifying Media, and in Part 2, Country Case Studies. In our work in Part 1, we have gathered together and made accessible approximately 30 publicly available datasets on the media sector." (Page 4)
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"This report examines the Philippine situation in relation to the media landscape and opportunities for participation by Indigenous Peoplese in \communicative spaces. as avenues for self-empowerment. As an assessment of the communications and media environment and their implications for Indige
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nous Peoples, the report looks into challenges and opportunities that could aid future development interventions that emanate from local needs and aspirations [...] Radio remains the predominant form of communication and information channel in Indigenous Peoples areas but digital communications through cellular phones and mobile internet are also slowly making inroads except in very inaccessible communities and places where conflict is ever present. However, communication and information exchanges through the news media whether newspaper, radio or television are mainly conducted in a language other than the Indigenous Peoples‘ mother tongue. The one exception is radio station DXUP in Upi, Maguindanao which broadcasts programs in a mixture of Teduray, Visayan, and English [...] The consensus among those who participated in the data gathering activities was the need for Indigenous Peoples communities to establish their own media, preferably radio as a means to effectively project their agenda on the larger, national development and political landscape. This was, for instance, expressed strongly during the tribal congress of the Teduray-Lambangian people in Mindanao and to a lesser extent by the Tagbanua of Palawan. While this is one way of addressing the exclusion of Indigenous Peoples from the mainstream news agenda, it has to be viewed in the context of capacity development that takes into consideration the larger enabling environment that could influence one way or the other the overall strategy of any development program. It has to consider also the importance of gaining a foothold in the mainstream media as the flip side of a community media owned and managed by Indigenous Peoples is that there might become a tendency to limit the conversation among indigenous communities and thus failing to articulate their aspirations to a larger audience especially when this impinge on policy." (Executive summary)
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"Low cost, modern information and communication technologies (ICTs), including mobile phones, multifunction MP3 recorders, and interactive voice response (IVR) can dramatically increase the capacity of rural radio to help farmers improve food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Weekly SMS alerts sent to
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the phones of listeners 30 minutes prior to a broadcast can boost radio campaign listenership by up to 20%. Two-thirds of partner broadcasters identified the internet as the most important ICT tool in the production of farm radio programs. Farmers who participated in the design and implementation of radio programming with the help of ICTs were four times more likely than those in passive listening communities to adopt agricultural improvements promoted on the radio. 61% of extension agents surveyed said the reach and impact of their extension work was substantially improved because they could be heard on radio programs through call-out programs." (Executive summary, page 5)
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"This essay analyses the role of audience research as a change agent in media development interventions in Afghanistan. It analyses how audience research in transnational contexts involves a complex set of intercultural negotiations and translations that contribute to the enduring relevance and sust
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ainability of the highly popular Afghan radio soap opera New Home, New Life. This is a ‘development drama’ that has been broadcast across Afghanistan since 1993. It is based on BBC Radio 4’s The Archers and produced by BBC Afghan Education Projects (BBC AEP). Audience research has been vital to forging a dynamic relationship between the creative teams who make the drama, the donors who pay for it, and the audiences who consume it. The article addresses three broad themes. First, we outline how data gathered in formative audience research, prior to the creation of the drama, provides the creative team with the dramatic raw material for the radio serial. The extensive qualitative data gathered by Afghan researchers in local milieux is translated so as to enable culturally diverse teams of writers and producers to ground the serial narratives in the lived experiences of its audiences, and to introduce multiple local perspectives on development issues. Second, we show how evaluative audience research, data gathered in the postproduction phase, plays a key role in providing critical audience interpretations of New Home, New Life’s dramatic themes. In so doing, it creates feedback loops that allow audiences to become active participants in the ongoing creation of the drama. The research designs and devices, developed over the last two decades to document the changing life-worlds of Afghan citizens-cum-audiences, are part of an ongoing set of transcultural encounters that contribute to strengthening the social realist appeal of the drama and to calibrating how far any given storyline can be pushed in terms of cultural propriety. Third, we examine how during periods of military conflict, when routine audience research becomes dangerous or impossible and audience feedback loops are disrupted, the writers and producers have to rely on their own personal and political experiences, often with unpredictable ideological consequences. We draw attention to the limitations and challenges of making dramas for development in highly charged politicised and postcolonial contexts. While, development dramas may be a cheap and effective way of dealing with certain informational needs, such as landmine awareness, they cannot redress social and structural inequalities or, as Western donors wish, eradicate opium cultivation." (Abstract)
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"New fields of action have emerged for those working in Germany’s development cooperation activities that are focused on media. Development cooperation can help new media become an established instrument used by civil society actors who are informed and monitoring political developments. This form
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of citizen journalism promotes political involvement. In addressing new media through development cooperation, it is critical that quality standards of the media are raised through targeted training and professional development for those citizens who create media content. In addition, individual users – the consumers of the information – should be trained to become media competent. In this way, political participation can grow sustainably. One example is support of citizen journalism, an important form of media, particularly in authoritative states. New media can serve not only as instruments but also platforms for a “constructive dialogue” between the state and civil society, creating spaces of interaction that are critical for effective development cooperation. Besides multilateral development cooperation, bilateral development cooperation can create incentives for partners from the private sector to invest more into technology transfer in developing countries, thereby helping to close the digital divide." (Page 2)
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