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"The digital divide is not a problem the market alone will solve. We need to do things differently. Globally there is a growing movement of community connectivity providers — including community networks, municipal networks, cooperatives, and social enterprises — connecting underserved communiti
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Simplified Guide on Internet Shutdown
Dar es Salaam: ZAINA Foundation (2022), 19 pp.
"This is the proactive simplified internet shutdown guide for human rights defenders in Sub Saharan Africa. The internet is the key infrastructure in democracy. Access to the internet and other technological communication tools is vital during this period of human rights in the digital era. This gui
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Loss of Tonga’s Telecommunication: What Happened, What Were the Consequences and How Were They Managed?
Oslo: Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (2022), 4 pp.
"In January 2022 the subsea volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai in Tonga had a major eruption which also cut the country’s communication lines nationally, between Tonga’s inhabited islands and the outside world. The damage led to a complete halt in international communication (a “digital darkn
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Beyond Borders: Satellite Applications for Humanitarian Emergencies
Deep Insights
Farnham, Surrey (UK): Caribou Space; UK Humanitarian Innovation Hub (2022), 97 pp.
"Satellite applications are being developed by an increasingly complex web of supplyside stakeholders and are being applied across a range of use cases in the life cycle of a humanitarian emergency. However, there is a limited body of evidence to offer humanitarians guidance on where satellite techn
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Africa, China, and the Development of Digital Infrastructure Governance: A Case Study of Ghana and Tanzania
Vienna: Central European University, School of Public Policy, Master Thesis (2022), v, 35 pp.
"This thesis uses a comparative case study to examine Tanzania and Ghana, two countries where China has contributed or sold large amounts of infrastructure, but who have seen different political reactions to and uses of this infrastructure. It poses the question: how do we explain the differing path
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‘Data Sovereignty’ or ‘Data Colonialism’? Exploring the Chinese Involvement in Africa’s ICTs: A Document Review on Kenya
Journal of Contemporary African Studies, volume 40, issue 2 (2022), pp. 270-285
"Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become a crucial sector of China–Africa relations. As scholars have noted, Africa’s 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR) risks transforming into a new ‘scramble’ with foreign actors harnessing Africa’s data. The present article explores th
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Digital Switchover in Sub-Saharan Africa: Bringing Low-Band Connectivity Within Reach
GSMA (2022), 42 pp.
"Digital switchover (DSO) allows countries to use less broadcast spectrum due to the greater efficiency of digital terrestrial television (DTT). By improving spectral efficiency in this way, countries can reallocate spectrum for mobile broadband. At the same time, consumers can enjoy a broader array
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"Nepal’s digital ecosystem does not yet meet the needs of all Nepalis and runs the risk of falling further behind. Over the past decade, mobile phones, and mobile internet have become increasingly widespread in Nepal; however, the government’s capacity to implement digital policies and solutions
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"The Zambia Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment report outlines the key aspects of the country's digital ecosystem and provides recommendations for the international development community to create a more inclusive, safe, and enabling environment to achieve development outcomes." (https://www.usaid
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"Key findings include: 1. Peru’s digital ecosystem is one of many contrasts. There have been sustained advances over the last 30 years in connectivity, digital literacy, digital rights, digital government, and the digital economy; 2. Challenges in digital policy implementation and coordination cap
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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Moldova
USAID, Digital Frontiers Project (2022), 104 pp.
"Key findings include: Moldova is home to a competitive telecommunications market, affordable internet, and well developed internet infrastructure, much of which has been achieved over the last 10 years; cybersecurity implementation and capacity have not kept pace with policy development. The govern
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"Key findings include: Connectivity infrastructure is fairly well developed in coastal urban areas but lags behind in Libya’s sparsely populated southern region; COVID-19 has accelerated the adoption of digital tools and services across sectors; however, Libyans are reluctant to adopt new tools du
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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Eastern and Southern Caribbean
USAID, Digital Frontiers Project (2022), 118 pp.
"The Eastern and Southern Caribbean (ESC) Regional Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA) report presents the findings and recommendations of the DECA, covering 11 ESC countries: Antigua & Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent & the Grenad
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Digital Ecosystem Country Assessment (DECA): Uzbekistan
USAID, Digital Frontiers Project (2022), 116 pp.
"Key findings: Overcoming the digital divides between men and women and urban and rural populations requires long-term planning and resource commitments that include broad stakeholder engagement and coordination [...] The public’s appetite for online content is growing, but accessible, diverse, hi
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Tseltal and Zapoteco Shared Networks: The Paths Towards a Pluriversal Internet
Philadelphia, PA: Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania (2022), 23 pp.
"Fernanda R. Rosa explores the Indigenous networks, principles, and practices of internet infrastructure building and sharing in Tseltal and Zapoteco sovereign territories in Chiapas and Oaxaca, Mexico. More specifically, she uses the concept of shared networks to examine “the first mile signal-sh
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Measuring Digital Development: Facts and Figures 2022
Deep Insights
Geneva: ITU (2022), iv, 26 pp.
"As the world welcomes its 8 billionth inhabitant, an estimated 5.3 billion people – roughly 66 per cent of the global population – are using the Internet. Yet some 2.7 billion people worldwide remain totally offline, with universal connectivity still a distant prospect in least developed countr
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Mobile Technology and Social Transformations: Access to Knowledge in Global Contexts
London; New York: Routledge (2021), xviii, 180 pp.
"This book investigates the ways in which the mobile telephone has transformed societies around the world, bringing both opportunities and challenges. At a time when knowledge and truth are increasingly contested, the book asks how mobile technology has changed the ways in which people create, disse
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Financing Universal Access to Digital Technologies and Services
Geneva: ITU (2021), vii; 93 pp.
Plans nationaux pour les télécommunications d’urgence: Catalyseurs et garanties. Guide succinct d'évaluation à l’intention des spécialistes des politiques publiques
London: GSMA (2021), 16 pp.
"Ce guide a pour but d'aider à identifier les lacunes, les opportunités et les faiblesses du système afin de guider la définition d’une stratégie nationale plus cohérente et de positionner la téléphonie mobile comme appui aux activités de préparation, de réponse et de relèvement en cas
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National Emergency Telecommunications Plans: Enablers and Safeguards. A Brief Evaluation Guide for Policy Practitioners
London: GSMA (2021), 16 pp.
"Section 1 focuses on creating an enabling environment. Mobile network operators (MNOs) operate in a regulated environment.5 However, if this environment is not sufficiently enabling to support disaster preparedness, response and recovery, MNOs will encounter challenges when disaster strikes. This s
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