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Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA)
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"Free Internet" and the Costs to Media Pluralism: The Hazards of Zero-Rating the News
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018), 20 pp.
"In many countries, mobile operators have teamed up with social media platforms to offer free access to specific websites or internet services—including news websites. The most well-known of these offerings, Facebook’s Free Basics, has been explicitly pitched as a way to give citizens in develop
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Media Pluralism, Public Trust, and Democracy: New Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018), 25 pp.
"There has been a decline in trust in the media in the LAC region. While in 2004 nearly two-thirds of individuals reported having high trust in the media, this result dropped to only half of individuals in 2016/17. Individuals who perceive the media as representative of different viewpoints or who h
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Defending Independent Media: A Comprehensive Analysis of Aid Flows
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018), 37 pp.
"When donors provide assistance to the media sector, they frequently back projects that aim to strengthen the media’s contribution to good governance in some way or another. This kind of funding is consistent with recent declarations made by the international community on the importance of protect
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Information Not Found: The “Right to be Forgotten” as an Emerging Threat to Media Freedom in the Digital Age
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018)
"The so-called Right to be Forgotten (RTBF) refers to the removal of content from either search engine indexes or even the entire internet so that it is not readily accessible to end users. While the concept emerged out of a European legal tradition that favors the privacy of non-public individuals,
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Media Feast, News Famine: Ten Global Advertising Trends That Threaten Independent Journalism
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017), 25 pp.
"This report looks at ten factors that have altered the media marketplace and that pose challenges to national and local news producers and their sources of revenue. They include ways in which governments interfere in media markets; changes in the structure of news distribution and audience behavior
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The Power of Airwaves: The Role of Spectrum Management in Media Development
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017), 17 pp.
"Actors interested in media development and freedom of expression can easily inform themselves about the current issues related to spectrum management; this report summarizes those issues, and highlights resources for further research. A “spectrum commons” approach – one that focuses on treati
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Beyond the Great Firewall: How China Became a Global Information Power
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA); Article 19 (2017), 41 pp.
Estándares internacionales de libertad de expresión: Guía básica para operadores de justicia en América Latina
Key Guides
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017), 39 pp.
"[...] es una herramienta indispensable para operadores de justicia que tratan casos sobre la libertad de expresión. La guía, producida conjuntamente por la UNESCO y la oficina del Relator Especial para Libertad de Expresión (RELE) y escrita por Silvia Chocarro, es un mapa esencial de los estánd
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Same Beds, Different Dreams? Charitable Foundations and Newsroom Independence in the Global South
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017), 32 pp.
"The growing trend of non-profit journalism has received much attention of late, but this report takes a unique look at how non-profit funding is affecting journalism in the Global South. Amidst the collapse of traditional business models for news organizations, funding from philanthropic foundation
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In Repressive Countries, Citizens Go 'dark' to Share Independent News
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017)
"CIMA’s analysis of audience data from nearly 40 countries yields a statistically significant correlation between freedom of the press and reliance on dark social sharing: the more repressive the media environment, the more likely the audience is to access news through dark social. Even more illus
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A Slowly Shifting Field: Understanding Donor Priorities in Media Development
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017)
"Funding to support independent media remains a small, but vital part of international assistance. But while the share of aid directed at this issue remains steady, there are signs that priorities within this field of international support may be shifting. This report looks at the trends identified
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Pathways to Media Reform in Sub-Saharan Africa: Reflections from a Regional Consultation
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017), 25 pp.
"To ensure that African media organizations remain viable players in this changing political and economic landscape, new coalitions need to be built and existing ones strengthened. The existing coalitions in the region display certain weaknesses: they tend to be unevenly spread across the region and
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Live from the Bully Pulpit: The Abuse of Obligatory Presidential Broadcasts in Latin America
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017)
"In Latin America, several countries’ laws permit the president to commandeer all radio and television broadcasts. Initially contemplated for use in rare circumstances such as national emergencies, a few leaders in the region, beginning with Venezuela’s Hugo Chávez, have taken advantage of thes
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Advocating for Openness: Nine Ways Civil Society Groups Have Mobilized to Defend Internet Freedom
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017)
"Civil society groups from the Global South are leading the charge to advocate for an Internet that remains open, pluralistic, and democratic. The nine case studies highlighted in this report demonstrate various ways groups in different countries have successfully fought for policies and norms that
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Media Development in the Digital Age: Five Ways to Engage in Internet Governance
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA); Article 19 (2017), 29 pp.
"The digital convergence means that how the Internet develops going forward — both in terms of policy and technology — will shape the very environment in which all other media operate. This report makes the case to this community that they can, and must, engage in the decision-making bodies that
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In the Service of Power: Media Capture and the Threat to Democracy
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2017), 162 pp.
"In this volume of essays edited by Anya Schiffrin, media capture is shown to be a growing phenomenon linked both to the resurgence of authoritarian governments as well as to the structural weaknesses presently afflicting media markets. In this environment, political figures and economic elites are
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Cuba’s Parallel Worlds: Digital Media Crosses the Divide
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2016), 25 pp.
"For many years, the media development conversation regarding Cuba has largely focused on the country’s harsh censorship practices and other restrictions on freedom of expression. Those concerns remain. But with the opening of relations with the United States over the past two years, the conversat
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Media as a Form of Aid in Humanitarian Crises
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2016), 6 pp.
Rethinking Public Service Broadcasting’s Place in International Media Development
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2016), 25 pp.
"Media markets are fragmented, audience consumption is siloed, the massive spread of media, entertainment, and news offerings has made it extremely important to set up public service media institutions that will be held to account and be responsible for living up to their public service obligations.
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Captured News Media: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Montenegro
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2016), 16 pp.
"Political and business elites in the countries that are the subject of this report have acquired control over a large number of public and private media, mostly through non-transparent privatization, advertising and/or budgetary support to loyal media. Consequently, media freedoms and freedom of ex
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