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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
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Elections in Digital Times: A Guide for Electoral Practitioners
Key Guides
Paris: UNESCO (2022), 146 pp.
"This handbook offers a comprehensive overview of international and regional standards and commitments related to the rights to freedom of expression, access to information, political participation, and privacy in the area of the internet, social media and Artificial Intelligence in elections. It al
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Meeting the Challenges of Information Disorder in the Global South
Deep Insights
Rondebosch: University of Cape Town, Centre for Film and Media Studies; International Development Research Centre (IDRC) (2022), 256 pp.
"Despite information disorder being a widespread problem in countries in the Global South, the study of this phenomenon remains dominated by examples, case studies, and models from the Global North. Knowledge about the various manifestations of information disorder, the range of responses, and the s
...
Evaluating an Interactive Film on the Prevention of Political Radicalization
Journal for Deradicalization, issue 30 (2022), pp. 169-222
"The present study evaluates the effects of an interactive film distributed in social media that aims to reduce the individual level of radicalism in attitudes and radicalization intentions. During the film, viewers have to express their opinion on increasingly radical statements by clicking popup b
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Psychological Inoculation Improves Resilience Against Misinformation on Social Media
Science Advances, volume 8, issue 34 (2022), 12 pp.
"Online misinformation continues to have adverse consequences for society. Inoculation theory has been put forward as a way to reduce susceptibility to misinformation by informing people about how they might be misinformed, but its scalability has been elusive both at a theoretical level and a pract
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A Strategy for Effective Counterspeech Against Online Hate and Disinformation in Sri Lanka
Dehiwala: National Christian Evangelical Alliance of Sri Lanka (NCEASL) (2022), 78 pp.
"This strategy, prepared through a consultative process, identifies some approaches and interventions in counter speech in the context of Sri Lanka's socio-political realities. It is meant to help streamline and scale up various efforts already being pursued by different individuals or groups. The f
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SocialMedia4Peace: Taking Stock of Progress Achieved
UNESCO (2022), 2 pp.
"The overall objective of this UNESCO project is to strengthen the resilience of societies to potentially harmful content spread online, in particular hate speech inciting violence while protecting freedom of expression and enhancing the promotion of peace through digital technologies, notably socia
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Atlas der Zivilgesellschaft. Freiheitsrechte unter Druck: Schwerpunkt Digitalisierung
München; Berlin: oekom Verlag; Brot für die Welt (2022), 86 pp.
"Vielfaltig, unzensiert, demokratiefördernd - das ist das Internet, hofften viele Menschen lange. Doch diese Attribute passen aus heutiger Sicht nicht - oder nur teilweise. Denn die großen digitalen Plattformen und das World Wide Web sind beides: Medien der Freiheit und der Kontrolle. Sie helfen d
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#DefendPressFreedom: Paradigm Repair, Role Perceptions and Filipino Journalists’ Counterstrategies to Anti-Media Populism and Delegitimizing Threats
Journalism Studies, volume 23, issue 16 (2022), pp. 2078-2096
"Through in-depth semi-structured interviews with 18 Filipino reporters and editors from three influential media outlets that then President Rodrigo Duterte targeted as enemies – the broadcaster ABS-CBN, the newspaper Philippine Daily Inquirer, and the website Rappler – this paper offers novel i
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Media Freedom in Southeast Asia: Repeal Restrictive Laws, Strengthen Quality Journalism
Bangkok: Asia Centre; Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2022), 41 pp.
"This report proposes solutions on how best to equip journalists and other key actors to fulfil their vital role in a changing landscape. While censorship is an alluring option in the face of disinformation over the internet, it is important to find avenues to facilitate the responsible and ethical
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The Strengthened Code of Practice on Disinformation 2022
Key Guides
European Commission (2022), 40 pp.
"The Code of Practice on Disinformation is a first-of-its kind tool through which relevant players in the industry agreed - for the first time in 2018 - on self-regulatory standards to fight disinformation. Its revision process was launched in June 2021 and, after the signature and presentation of t
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Double Standards in Social Media Content Moderation
New York: Brennan Center for Justice (2022), 39 pp.
"While social media companies dress their content moderation policies in the language of human rights, their actions are largely driven by business priorities, the threat of government regulation, and outside pressure from the public and the mainstream media. This report demonstrates the impact of c
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A Human Rights Approach to Tackle Disinformation: Submission to the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
Amnesty International (2022), 16 pp.
"Instead of criminalising or otherwise silencing people to address misinformation and disinformation, States should step up their efforts to ensure credible, reliable, objective, evidence-based and accessible information is disseminated to all." (Back cover)
Good Practice Principles for Public Communication Responses to Mis- and Disinformation
Key Guides
Paris: OECD (2022), 43 pp.
"1. Institutionalisation: Governments should consolidate interventions into coherent approaches guided by official communication and data policies, standards and guidelines [...] 2. Public interest driven: Public communication should strive to be independent from politicization in implementing inter
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Technique-Based Inoculation Against Real-World Misinformation
Royal Society Open Science, volume 9, issue 211719 (2022), 13 pp.
"In recent years, numerous psychological interventions have been developed to reduce susceptibility to misinformation. Inoculation theory has become an increasingly common framework for reducing susceptibility to both individual examples of misinformation (issue-based inoculation) and to the techniq
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Brazil's Electoral Justice Permanent Program on Countering Disinformation: Strategic Plan Elections 2022
Brasilia: Brazil Superior Electoral Court; Tribunal Superior Eleitoral (TSE) (2022), 61 pp.
"The actions to be developed are distributed in three axes: (i) Inform, aimed at the dissemination of official, reliable and quality information; (ii) Empower, aimed at media literacy and training the whole of society to understand the phenomenon of disinformation and the functioning of the electora
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Protecting the truth: Peace operations and disinformation
Berlin: Center for International Peace Operations (2022), 18 pp.
"This study discusses how and to what extent peace operations are affected by digital disinformation and how international organisations (UN, EU, OSCE and NATO) as mandating bodies for peace operations have responded to limit the effect of disinformation or even prevent it. Based on this assessment
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Artificial Intelligence and Disinformation: State-Aligned Information Operations and the Distortion of the Public Sphere
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2022), 28 pp.
"In light of the role played by state-aligned actors, the private sector and lawmakers in countries with strong democratic institutions should adopt policies that mitigate the ability of state actors to manipulate AI and weaponize communication platforms. Efforts to combat disinformation must recogn
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Disinformation in the Global South
Deep Insights
Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell (2022), xxv, 237 pp.
"In many parts of the Global South, coordinated political disinformation campaigns, rumor, and propaganda have long been a part of the social fabric, even before disinformation has become an area of scholarship in the Global North. The way disinformation manifests in this region, and responses to it
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