"This cross-country study compiles data and calculates ICT Development Indices for the following: connectivity (physical infrastructure for ICTs, in penetration rates of Internet hosts, PCs, telephone mainlines and mobile phones per capita); wider access to ICTs (literacy, GDP per capita and cost of
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local calls, as well as actual number of Internet users); usage of ICTs (incoming and outgoing telecom traffic, as an alternative to Internet data traffic flows in the absence of publicly available statistics on these); and policy environment (a wider policy framework conducive to the adoption and absorption of ICTs, which can be evaluated in terms of the presence of a domestic Internet exchange, as well as competition in the local loop, domestic long-distance and ISP markets). This study analyses country and regional rankings based on these index measurements, and reviews results over time to identify interesting trends. It also seeks to evaluate the extent and evolution of the digital divide, using basic measures of hardware equipment and numbers of Internet users in each country, to determine how the digital divide is evolving over time." (Preface)
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"A valuable information resource that provides a country-by-country analysis of the “book chain” in 18 English-speaking Africa countries, together with an annotated directory of the major players that make up the book chain within those countries. Four introductory essays provide overviews of bo
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ok and library development in anglophone Africa from different perspectives. These are followed by country surveys, each prepared by a book professional from the country concerned, most of them librarians. The final section, a 170-page Directory of Selected Organizations in the Book Chain in Anglophone Africa, provides listings of the major players in the book chain in each of the countries covered, including professional associations, major publishers, printers, booksellers and libraries; regional and international bodies supporting book development, and training institutions for librarianship and the book industries. Each entry gives full address, telephone and fax numbers, email addresses (and Web sites for some), and many entries include a short description." (Hans M. Zell, Publishing, Books & Reading in Sub-Saharan Africa, 3d ed. 2008, nr. 196)
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"Media in China is about a new kind of revolution in China - a revolution in which rapidly commercializing media industries confront slow-changing power relations between political, social and economic spheres. This interdisciplinary collection draws on the expertise of industry professionals, acade
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mic experts and cultural critics. It offers a variety of perspectives on audio-visual industries in the world's largest media market. In particular, the contributors examine television, film, music, commercial and political advertising, and new media such as the internet and multimedia. These essays explore evolving audience demographies, new patterns of media reception in regional centres, and the gradual internationalization of media content and foreign investment in China's broadcasting industries." (Publisher description)
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"Die russischen Medien haben sich in der Krise eingerichtet: Leere Kassen, mauernde Bürokraten und Gewalt gegen Journalisten prägen den Redaktionsalltag zwischen Petersburg und Wladiwostok. Fast vergessen ist die glorreiche Glasnost-Zeit, als die Presse unversehens vom passiven Chronisten zum mach
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tvollen Akteur der Umgestaltung wurde. Seither hat sich vieles verändert. Meinungsbildung findet heute in den Regionen statt, eine neue Generation von Journalisten wächst heran - und die Ära Putin diktierte auch innerhalb der Medienlandschaft Russlands "neue Spielregeln"." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"These five country reports: on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, provide a general overview of the current state of media affairs in the country concerned, focus on media legislation and cases of harassment of journalists and provide country-specific recommendations t
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o the governments on what can be done to improve the situation. Many of the remarks and opinions expressed are highly critical of the authorities, often concentrating on government-orchestrated campaigns against independent and opposition media. In some of these countries over the past decade journalists have fallen victim to the ultimate form of censorship: what I refer to as “censorship by killing.” Cases of “structural censorship,” which include numerous forms of indirect pressure on media through state-controlled monopolies on printing facilities and distribution, misuse of tax inspections, and other mostly economic and financial forms of pressure, are abundant in the Central Asian countries." (Preface, page 5)
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"Am Beispiel von drei Verbänden, der Anwaltskammer, dem Christenrat und dem Journalistenverband, zeichnet Seyd die jeweilige Entwicklungsgeschichte nach, untersucht neben den verbandsinternen Strukturen die Fähigkeit dieser Akteure, die Hegemonieansprüche der vorangegangenen autoritären Regime z
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u begrenzen und fragt nach deren Einfluss auf den jüngsten demokratischen Systemwechsel von 1993, der zur Gründung der 4. Republik führte. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass es allen drei Verbänden nicht gelungen ist, "die oppositionellen Energien in ihren eigenen Reihen, geschweige denn im gesellschaftlichen Umfeld effektiv zu bündeln. Ihre politische Relevanz erweist sich also nicht an der Demokratisierung autoritärer Regime, sondern daran, daß sie den Legitimationsverfall eines auf dem Exklusionsprinzip basierenden Etatismus indizieren und vor diesem Hintergrund reale Partizipation als Ideal einklagen." (246 f.) Damit bestätigen die Befunde die allgemein festzustellende "relative Bedeutungslosigkeit afrikanischer Zivilgesellschaften im Prozeß der demokratischen Transition und Konsolidierung" (247). Die Arbeit konzentriert sich auf die Untersuchung der drei Verbände im Kontext der zuvor differenziert dargestellten zivilgesellschaftlichen Theorieansätze. Land und Akteure scheinen dabei beliebig gewählt und austauschbar. Ein einführendes Kapitel zur politischen Geschichte und soziokulturellen Entwicklung Ghanas oder eine Einordnung der drei Beispielakteure in den gesamtgesellschaftlichen Zusammenhang hätten der Arbeit einen höheren Erkenntnisgewinn vor allem für speziell an Ghana Interessierte verliehen." (Rezension von Anke Rösener, in: Portal für Politikwissenschaft, https://www.pw-portal.de)
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