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Iran und die neuen Medien: Herausforderungen für den Auslandsrundfunk = Iran and the New Media: Challenges for International Broadcasters

Mona-Maryam Emamzadeh et al.

Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2011), 126 pp.

"Im ersten Block analysieren Vertreter der iranischen Social-Media-Szene die Rolle des Web 2.0 in Iran von seinen Anfängen bis heute. Der iranische Blogger Mehdi Mohseni umreißt die Social-Media-Aktivitäten der Parteien rund um den Präsidentschaftswahlkampf 2009 und die Folgen für die iranische ... more

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All the Sides of Censorship: Online Media Accountability Practices in Pre-Revolutionary Tunisia

Riadh Ferjani

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 22 pp.

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Media Accountability Practices Online in Syria: An Indicator for Changing Perceptions of Journalism

Judith Pies, Philip Madanat

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 24 pp.

"Media Accountability in Syria is more a question of re-defining the role of media in society than working on transparency practices or establishing self-regulation. This is due to strong state control and the mobilisation role mass media has been playing in Syria for decades. Before opening its med ... ia market for private publications in 2001 Syrian media was controlled either by the state or the ruling Baath party. Media accountability institutions like press councils or ombudspersons were simply not necessary in this concept of media and therefore do not exist. The only professional organisation, the Syrian Journalists Syndicate, did not act as a representative of independent journalists but as a representative of the regime. Additionally, as all journalists and media outlets had to work for more or less the same purpose, norms for guiding individual or organisational decisions – such as a code of ethics – were superfluous. Although these conditions still persist in major parts of the media field, news websites have particularly contributed to a shift in society’s perception of the role of media by paving the way for media accountability practices in the field of responsiveness. Even though instruments for responsiveness might be part of an economic strategy of news websites to enter and survive the news media field, news websites have introduced an audience oriented journalism approach by providing collaborative story writing or possibilities for the audience to comment on news. This is a fundamental change in role perception as mobilising media was merely meant to serve the Baath elite and its ideas. Thus, the audience as a neglected actor of accountability seems to have entered the field. In addition, news websites have added new topics to the traditional news agenda by taking the audience into account, and thus have contributed to holding the media accountable for aspects the old media does not cover. Thus, at least in some cases, media has played the role of being a watchdog over political decisions, which role media has never previously adopted. have particularly contributed to a shift in society’s perception of the role of media by paving the way for media accountability practices in the field of responsiveness. Even though instruments for responsiveness might be part of an economic strategy of news websites to enter and survive the news media field, news websites have introduced an audience oriented journalism approach by providing collaborative story writing or possibilities for the audience to comment on news. This is a fundamental change in role perception as mobilising media was merely meant to serve the Baath elite and its ideas. Thus, the audience as a neglected actor of accountability seems to have entered the field." (Summary) more

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New Media – Old Problems: Online Practices of Media Accountability in Lebanon

Judith Pies, Philip Madanat, Christine Elsaeßer

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 23 pp.

"Lebanon’s media has been envied for its press freedom and high quality by many Arabs from the region for decades. After 15 years of civil war the media had quickly started to flourish again. Yet, internal and external observers have been concerned about the close links between the media and polit ... more

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Beyond State Regulation: How Online Practices Contribute to Holding the Media Accountable in Jordan

Judith Pies, Philip Madanat

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 41 pp.

"Holding the news media accountable has traditionally been a task of the state in Jordan. Media laws and regulations are numerous and do not leave too much space for self-regulatory practices on a national basis. The Jordan Press Association (JPA) is the core of so-called established media accountab ... more

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New Social Media and Conflict in Kyrgyzstan

Neil Melvin, Tolkun Umaraliev

Solna: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) (2011), 22 pp.

"During 2010 Kyrgyzstan experienced two periods of conflict that took the country to the brink of civil war: the overthrow of President Kurmanbek Bakiyev in April and the ethnic violence in the south of the country in June. The use of blogs and social network sites as well as mobile and multimedia p ... more

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Una cartografía de la blogósfera cubana: Entre «oficialistas» y «mercenarios»

Ted Henken

Nueva Sociedad, issue 235 (2011), pp. 90-109

"Pese al clima –por momentos agobiante– de polarización, en Cuba ha emergido una variedad de blogs y de blogueros que buscan sobreponerse a las dificultades políticas y materiales. Más allá de los adjetivos con que cada «bando» busca descalificar a los otros, en los últimos años la exten ... more

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‘A Sleeping Mechanism’ for the Time Being? Media Accountability Online in Bulgaria

Michal Glowacki

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 24 pp.

"There is not much debate on the development of media accountability (MA) systems in Bulgaria and even less relate to online media. This is due to the early stage of introduction of self-regulatory mechanisms on the Internet as well as the users’ behavior since priority is still given to tradition ... more

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From one transformation to another: Towards an understanding of challenges for media accountability online in Serbia

Michal Glowacki, Michal Kus

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 22 pp.

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Poland: Waiting for the Citizens to Demand Online Media Accountability

Michal Kus

Tampere: University of Tampere, Journalism Research and Development Centre (2011), 19 pp.

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Online Security in the Middle East and North Africa: A Survey of Perceptions, Knowledge, and Practice

Robert Faris, Hal Roberts, Rebekah Heacock, Ethan Zuckerman, Urs Gasser

Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University (2011), 15 pp.

"In this report we describe the results of a survey of 98 bloggers in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) carried out in May 2011 in order to study bloggers’ perceptions of online risk and the actions they take to address digital communications security, including both Internet and cell phone ... more

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Social Media in the Arab World: Leading Up to the Uprisings of 2011

Jeffrey Ghannam

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2011), 39 pp.

"Key Findings: About 17 million people in the Arab region are using Facebook, available in Arabic, with 5 million in Egypt alone, and demand is expected to grow on micro-blogging sites. Twitter announced it will launch its Arabic interface in 2011; Arab governments are developing, at varying rates, ... more

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Media and Politics

Georgi Lozanov, Orlin Spassov (ed.)

Katerina Popova (transl.)

Sofia: Foundation Media Democracy;Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2011), 204 pp.

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After the Czars and Commissars: Journalism in Authoritarian Post-Soviet Central Asia

Eric Freedman, Richard Shafer (eds.)

East Lansing: Michigan State University Press (2011), 299 pp.

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Les médias arabes: Confluences médiatiques et dynamique sociale

Tourya Guaaybess

Paris: CNRS (2011), 231 pp.

"La libéralisation spectaculaire de l’espace médiatique arabe n’en finit pas de surprendre. Comment comprendre cette brutale explosion de créativité, ce foisonnement d’initiatives et d’énergie ? En quelques mois, ces sociétés auraient fait l’apprentissage de la liberté d’expressi ... more

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New Media Vs. Old Politics: The Internet, Social Media, and Democratisation in Pakistan

Marcus Michaelsen

Berlin; Islamabad: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2011), 72 pp.

"It has to be underlined that this study does not see the internet as a major remedy for the development of political culture and civil society that is so essential for Pakistan’s further democratic consolidation. To understand possible contributions of the new information technologies towards pol ... more

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(Amplified) Voices for the Voiceless

David Faris

Arab Media & Society, issue 11 (2010), 20 pp.

"David Faris looks at the role bloggers played in the campaign to enable Egypt's tiny Baha'i minority to obtain identity cards without identifying themselves as Muslims or Christians. He traces the links between a handful of Baha'i bloggers, a wider circle of sympathetic activist bloggers and some k ... more

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Social Media and Politics: Online Social Networking and Political Communication in Asia

Philip Behnke (ed.)

Singapore: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2010), 140 pp.

"This is a compilation of 13 essays and studies that show the role social networking is playing in political communication in Asia. Each of the 13 chapters describes how various online social communities and networks such as Twitter, Facebook and blogs, are being used as tools in general political c ... more

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Blogistan: The Internet and Politics in Iran

Annabelle Sreberny, Gholam Khiabany

London; New York: Tauris (2010), xiii, 211 pp.

"The protests unleashed by Iran's disputed presidential election in June 2009 brought the Islamic Republic's vigorous cyber culture to the world's attention. Iran has an estimated 700,000 bloggers, and new media such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube were thought to have played a key role in spreadin ... more

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Afrikas Blogosphäre: Bürgerjournalisten zwischen Kairo und Kapstadt

Geraldine de Bastion

Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik, issue 10 (2009), pp. 109-115

"Zwar liegt der Durchschnitt der Internetanbindungen – auch aufgrund der damit verbundenen Kosten – in Afrika mit elf Prozent der Haushalte gegenwärtig immer noch weit unter dem globalen Mittel von 23 Prozent. Dennoch haben der Ausbau der Infrastruktur, unterschiedliche Regulierungsreformen und ... more