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Digital Platform Governance and the Challenges for Trust and Safety. Part 2: Platform's Own Policies and Practices: What Problems Need Changing?

Research ICT Africa; UNESCO (2023), 7 pp.

"Platform policies lack clarity about the relationship between them, and also about how policies should be applied at global and local levels. How platforms understand and identify harms is insufficiently mapped to human rights standards, and there is a gap in how policy elements should deal with di ... more

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Social Media Platforms and Challenges for Democracy, Rule of Law and Fundamental Rights

Beatriz Botero Arcila, Rachel Griffin

Brussels: European Parliament, Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs (2023), 151 pp.

"This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the LIBE Committee, examines risks that contemporary social media - focusing in particular on the most widely-used platforms - present for democracy, the rul ... more

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Guidelines for the Governance of Digital Platforms: Safeguarding Freedom of Expression and Access to Information Through a Multi-Stakeholder Approach

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 58 pp.

"The Guidelines outline a set of duties, responsibilities and roles for States, digital platforms, intergovernmental organizations, civil society, media, academia, the technical community and other stakeholders to enable the environment where freedom of expression and information are in the core of ... more

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Social Media 4 Peace: Local Lessons for Global Practices

Adeline Hulin, João Brant

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 69 pp.

"The three countries [Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya] provide evidence of online hate speech and disinformation affecting human rights offline. The evidence is not comprehensive yet clear enough to raise serious concerns. Online gender-based violence is also reported as critical in the ... more

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Sustaining Journalism, Sustaining Democracy: A Policy Guide on Platforms and the Press

Michael Karanicolas, Courtney Radsch, Akshat Agarwal, Nicholas Wilson

UCLA Information Policy Lab (2023), 68 pp.

"This publication considers the range of policy changes that have been tried or recommended by global regulators, assessing their impacts on press freedom and news media sustainability, with consideration for the risk of capture, and other potential tradeoffs of these interventions. It examines four ... more

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Policy Brief: Ensuring Ethical AI Practices to Counter Disinformation

Federica Urzo, Elisabetta Panico, Salvatore Custureri

MediaFutures; Luiss Data Lab (2023), 15 pp.

"In particular we recommend to strengthen collaboration (platforms should adopt a collaborative approach involving various stakeholders, including governments, civil society organisations, and fact-checkers, to counter the spread and impact of disinformation. This can include sharing information, be ... st practices, and resources to develop effective strategies); enhance transparency (platforms should prioritise transparency by providing clear and comprehensive information on their policies, algorithms, and content moderation processes. Users should have a better understanding of how their data is used, and how algorithms work to prevent the amplification of false and misleading narratives); implement effective content moderation (platforms need to allocate sufficient resources to effectively monitor and moderate harmful content. This includes investing in advanced AI systems and human moderation teams to detect and remove disinformation in a timely manner. Transparent and consistent guidelines should be in place to ensure fairness and accountability in content moderation decisions); promote fact-based information (platforms should prioritise the promotion of fact-based information from reliable sources. This can be done by partnering with credible news organizations and fact-checkers to provide accurate information and combat false narratives. Advertising promoting climate change denial or other forms of misinformation should be prevented); improve the access to data for researchers (platforms should make efforts to provide access to data for independent researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of their policies and initiatives in countering disinformation. This will enable better analysis and understanding of the impact of disinformation and the effectiveness of countermeasures); comply with regulatory frameworks (platforms should fully comply with regulatory frameworks, such as the Digital Services Act (DSA) or other relevant International, EU and National laws and regulations, that provide for obligations on addressing disinformation and mitigating associated risks, the Code of Practice on Disinformation that aims to commit signatories to a range of actions to counter disinformation. These actions include providing transparency reports on political advertising, restricting advertising placements on disinformation websites, disrupting advertising revenue for purveyors of disinformation, and enabling user feedback and fact-checking mechanisms. In this framework, compliance should not be limited to large platforms but extended, with adjustments, to smaller platforms to ensure a comprehensive approach)." (Recommendations, page 6) more

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Media Influence Matrix Mexico: Government, Politics and Regulation

Argelia Muñoz Larroa, Rodrigo Gómez, Juan Larrosa Fuentes

London; Montevideo: Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC); Observacom (2022), 34 pp.

"Despite the positive impact of the constitutional reform of 2013 and other previous or related regulations, media policy in Mexico is still faced with numerous challenges. Many objectives of the 2013 reform, in fact, could not be achieved because of a series of secondary laws that have been adopted ... more

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The Risks of Social Media Platforms for Democracy: A Call for a New Regulation

Erik Longo

In: Law and Artificial Intelligence: Regulating AI and Applying AI in Legal Practice

Bart Custers, Eduard Fosch Villaronga (eds.)

The Hague; Berlin: Asser Press; Springer (2022), pp. 169-186

"This chapter critically discusses how the democratic arena is changing and deteriorating due to the impact of the power of social media platforms. The focus is on the consequences that personalized forms of information and digital affordances can produce, leading to online information cocoons or fi ... more

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Making Big Tech Pay for the News They Use

Courtney C. Radsch

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 20 pp.

"This report analyzes the evidence and justification for these various policies and examines the implications for news media in low-income and developing countries. It identifies the particular challenges that countries with small markets, weak currencies, less stability, and less press freedom face ... more

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Regulating Big Tech: Policy Responses to Digital Dominance
Top Insights

Martin Moore, Damian Tambini (eds.)

New York: Oxford University Press (2022), xii, 368 pp.

"This book has compiled the tech policy debate into a toolkit for policy makers, legal experts, and academics seeking to address platform dominance and its impact on society today. It discusses the global consensus around technology regulation with recommendations of cutting-edge policy innovations ... more

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Digital Rights at the UNHRC 49 and Beyond

Peter Micek, Laura O'Brien

Access Now (2022), 10 pp.

"Digital rights violations enable and escalate offline violence, deepening humanitarian crises. The calculated attacks targeting digital systems – essential to people’s safety and wellbeing – are unacceptable. At this critical juncture in history, when human rights violations are rampant from ... more

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Digital Platform Regulation: Global Perspectives on Internet Governance

Terry Flew, Fiona R. Martin (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2022), xvii, 319 pp.

"Once a specialised and niche field within internet and digital media studies, internet governance has in recent years moved to the forefront of policy debate. In the wake of scandals such as Cambridge Analytica and the global 'techlash' against digital monopolies, platform studies are undergoing a ... more

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How Platforms Respond to Human Rights Conflicts Online: Best Practices in Weighing Rights and Obligations in Hybrid Online Orders

Matthias C. Kettemann (ed.)

Hamburg: Leibniz Institut für Medienforschung; Global Digital Human Rights Network (GDHRNet) (2022), 187 pp.

"Platforms have power. But this power is not unchecked. Governments have an important role to play in protecting their citizens' rights vis-à-vis third parties and ensuring a communication order in which rights are not violated. (And in addition, of course, they need to respect human rights themsel ... more

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Transparencia de la moderación privada de contenidos: Una mirada de las propuestas de sociedad civil y legisladores de América Latina

Marina Pita

Montevideo: UNESCO (2022), 41 pp.

"Se han encontrado importantes y fundados aportes desde organizaciones de la Sociedad Civil sobre el tema, con consensos sobre los principales contenidos de las exigencias de transparencia y rendición de cuentas que deberían atender las grandes plataformas de Internet -en especial las dominantes y ... more

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Moderación privada de contenidos en Internet y su impacto en el periodismo

Ana Laura Pérez Bertrán, Carolina Martínez Elebi

Montevideo: Observacom (2022), 43 pp.

"El presente documento aborda la problemática de la moderación de contenidos en las plataformas haciendo hincapié en su impacto fundamental en el periodismo y teniendo como eje los derechos a la libertad de prensa y la libertad de expresión." (Introducción, página 5)

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Towards a Safer and More Free Internet: Expert Opinion on the Draft Digital Services Act

Henrike Weiden

Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Foundation (2022), 29 pp.

"With the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Digital Markets Act (DMA) package, the European Union will adopt what is probably the most significant international standard-setting project besides the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). It is expected that the DSA will have far-reaching impact ... more

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Platform Oversight: A Neglected Link in Internet’s Regulatory Futures

Augustina Del Campo

Buenos Aires: Universidad de Palermo, Centro de Estudios en Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la Informatión (CELE) (2022), 34 pp.

"The first section of this article frames the discussion of oversight in the legal theory of governance; then it analyzes different initiatives of regulation, co-regulation, and self-regulation centering on a few aspects of the mechanisms that impact their independence, impartiality, competence, and ... more

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Legal and Normative Frameworks for Combatting Online Violence Against Women Journalists

Angelique Lu, Julie Posetti, Nabeelah Shabbir

November 2022: UNESCO; International Center for Journalists (ICFJ) (2022), 35 pp.

"In this chapter, international, regional and State-level legal and normative frameworks for responding to online violence against women journalists are examined, while exemplar judgements are catalogued, and gaps in law enforcement are highlighted. Here, insights gleaned from 184 in-depth interview ... more

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Regulating Social Media in Sri Lanka: An Analysis of the Legal and Non-Legal Regulatory Frameworks in the Context of Hate Speech and Disinformation

Colombo: Verité Research (2021), 40 pp.

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The Online Regulation Series: The Handbook

Tech Against Terrorism (2021), 170 pp.

"The Online Regulation Series Handbook provides an analysis of global online regulation, analysing over 60 legislations and regulatory proposals in 17 countries, and their implications for countering terrorist and violent extremist content. The Handbook is based on analysis published throughout Octo ... more

Regulating Big Tech: Policy Responses to Digital Dominance Top Insights

Regulating Big Tech: Policy Responses to Digital Dominance
Top Insights