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Democracy or Polyarchy? US-Funded Media Developments in Afghanistan and Iraq Post 9/11

Michael J. Barker

Media, Culture & Society, volume 30, issue 1 (2008), pp. 109-130

"This paper has demonstrated that the benefits for the general Afghan and Iraqi public derived from the ‘promotion of independent media’ by institutions like the NED are questionable, especially for parties interested in encouraging more deliberative or participatory forms of democracy. Instead, ... more

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Informing Citizens: Opportunities for Media and Communications in the Pacific

Helen Molnar

In: South Pacific Islands Communication: Regional Perspectives, Local Issues

Evangelia Papoutsaki, Usha Sundar Harris (eds.)

Singapur: Asian Mass Communication Research and Information Centre (AMIC) (2008), pp. 34-58

"The Pacific Media & Communications Facility (PMCF) was a three-year regional media governance project involving the 14 Pacific Island Forum countries. It was funded by the Australian government and commenced in May 2004. The report “Informing Citizens: Opportunities for media and communications i ... more

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Joint Roadmap for the Action of the African Union Commission and the European Commission at the Conclusion of the Media and Development Forum

Ouagadougou: African Union Commission; European Commission (2008), 7 pp.

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Communication for Empowerment in Madagascar: An Assessment of Communication and Media Needs at the Community Level

Andrew Lees Trust

Oslo; South Orange, New Jersey: UNDP Oslo Governance Centre; Communication for Social Change Consortium (2008), 54, 17 pp.

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Communication for Empowerment in Mozambique: An Assessment of Communication and Media Needs at the Community Level

Faruco Sadique Ibraimo, Barry Driscoll

Oslo; South Orange, New Jersey: UNDP Oslo Governance Centre; Communication for Social Change Consortium (2008), 79 pp.

"Communication for Empowerment is an initiative which, in its global context, aims to enable average citizens including those from marginalised strata of society and those living in poverty to take informed decisions on their own lives, have access to channels that allow their voice to be heard and ... more

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Journalism Education as a Vehicle for Media Development in Africa: The AMDI Project

Patrick M. McCurdy, Gerry Power

African Journalism Studies, volume 28, issue 1-2 (2007), pp. 127-147

"This overview is based on data obtained from a wider analysis of the state of media development in Africa – the African Media Development Initiative (AMDI). The analysis draws on a sample of university lecturers and department heads of mass communication, media and journalism studies from across ... more

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At the Heart of Change: The Role of Communication in Sustainable Development

Mark Wilson, Kitty Warnock, Emrys Schoemaker

London: Panos London (2007), 36 pp.

External Link (100)

Strengthening Liberia's Media: A Review of Media Support in the Post-Conflict Transitional Period and Recommendations for Future Actions

International Media Support (IMS); Article 19; Free Voice; Fondation Hirondelle; International Press Centre (IPC) (2007), 58 pp.

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Stock-Take of Media and Information for Accountability: What Are Donors Doing, What Works, and What Are the Gaps

Mary Myers, Emma Grant

London: Department for International Development (DFID) (2007), 65 pp.

"This paper was prepared primarily for internal use by DFID Effective States Team as part of a wider stocktake on accountability. Sections 8-10 were commissioned from a consultant, Mary Myers. The paper is draft only, and does not represent the official position of DFID on media / information / acco ... more

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Die entwicklungspolitische Arbeit der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung: 5. Medien und Kommunikation

Patrik von zur Mühlen

In: Die internationale Arbeit der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung: von den Anfängen bis zum Ende des Ost-West-Konfllikts

Patrik von zur Mühlen

Bonn: J. H. W. Dietz Nachf. (2007), pp. 169-180

"Übersicht über die internationale Medien-Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (MEZ) der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung von den Anfängen im Jahr 1960 bis 1997." (commbox)

External Link (58)

Toward Economic Sustainability of the Media in Developing Countries

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2007), 27 pp.

"• Public Service and Consumer-centric Media: Simple economic sustainability does not automatically guarantee good journalism. The media have a public service mission: producing high-quality, consumer-centric journalism. • Situation-specific Programs: Media sustainability is not always attainab ... le, but should be a major element of media assistance. In some places, laws or the marketplace may render sustainability impossible for independent media, but even in those cases donors should include capacity-building programs. There is no one-size-fits-all solution for sustainability—donors must tailor their programs to adjust to specific economic conditions. • Business Skills: Donors and implementers should support training in business skills. When equipped with management and financial skills, media owners can develop creative solutions for making their outlets more sustainable even in the least developed economies. While business knowledge and skills are essential to the sustainability of any media enterprise, they are often overlooked in the promotion of independent media. The business aspects of media development should not be ignored. • Media Beyond Democratization: Many in the private sector view media development as a politically sensitive issue, because it has often been part of democracy and governance programs. Media development practitioners should broaden their appeal to donors and raise awareness of how free and independent media contribute to social and economic development. Certain niches of media, such as local or health news, hold promise for future development in many countries. The benefits of media development are abundant and wide-ranging, and donors should be more aware of the sector’s potential to address their areas of interest. • Increased Awareness: The growth in private sector philanthropy over the past ten years is expected to continue in the future and represents the best opportunity for media development organizations to expand their resource base. Education and advocacy will be required to inform Americans of the powerful and positive impact that independent media can have in developing countries. Donors should also understand that media development is a long-term project that requires sustained support; donors should not expect a program to become completely sustainable in an unreasonable period of time." (Executive summary) more

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Dokumentation der Fachtagung "Medien, Frieden und Demokratie: Die Massenmedien in Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und Friedensförderung"

Bonn: Akademie für Konflikttransformation; Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2007), 17 pp.

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The Case for Communication in Sustainable Development

Mark Wilson, Kitty Warnock, Emrys Schoemaker

London: Panos London (2007), 60 pp.

"Communication is a prerequisite for better, more transparent and accountable governance, and for wealth creation and economic growth. It underpins all the MDGs and is arguably as central a need of human beings as food, shelter, health and security. Governments and development actors need to recogni ... more

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Development, Governance and the Media: The Role of the Media in Building African Society

Charlie Beckett, Laura Kyrke-Smith (eds.)

London: Polis, London School of Economics and Political Science (2007), 70 pp.

"Any approach to media development must include systems-wide measures including development of an enabling regulatory framework and increased access to information. Future media development processes must be African-owned and African-led, ultimately empowering Africans at all levels of society. With ... more

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Media in Sudan at a Crossroads: Assessment and Outline of a Strategy for Media Support

Copenhagen: Association for Media Development in South Sudan (AMDISS); Article 19; International Media Support (IMS) (2007), 78 pp.

"This assessment describes and contextualises a series of challenges for an environment conducive to freedom of expression brought about by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed in 2005 and the changes to the political framework in Sudan. The aim is to establish a comprehensive overview of ... the media situation in all relevant sectors, as well as developing an overview of support to the sectors and the strategies behind this support from agencies for international cooperation. Although the CPA opened up space for a more democratic setup for media ownership and practice and resulted in a number of changes to the media situation in Sudan, the freedom of expression environment in Sudan still faces important challenges. According to this assessment, the main challenges are: Need for media reform: There is a dire need for legal reform in the area of freedom of expression and access to information. At the national level, new media laws produced and presented to Parliament show only slight improvement over the existing laws. In Southern Sudan the Legislative Assembly has adopted a more progressive media policy, but the four draft bills which have been prepared have not yet been processed by the assembly. Need for professional skill building: Professional journalists are scarce, and objective and relevant reporting is a challenge for many Sudanese newspapers. In spite of the large number of media schools in Sudan, the results are discouraging. The academic and professional standards of the graduates are extremely basic and on-the-job training is almost non-existent. Poor working conditions: Basic working conditions and employment rights in the Sudanese media are poor, especially in the printed media. There is widespread exploitation, not least of young journalists. The poor working conditions have negative consequences for the quality of journalism. In addition, many Sudanese journalists have emigrated to find better job opportunities abroad. Politicisation of the media sector: The highly politicised environment in Sudan is reflected in the media sector. A significant part of the media in Sudan operates within a set political frame, pursuing political goals and the desire to influence public opinion and decision making." (Executive summary) more

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Money Matters: How Independent Media Manage to Survive. 15-16 September 2006

A. Sofie Jannusch (ed.)

Aachen: Catholic Media Council (CAMECO); Forum Medien und Entwicklung (fome) (2007), 77 pp.

"Discussions on how to support sustainability of independent media generally focus on the political conditions, the legal framework and – especially in German development cooperation – on the quality of journalistic coverage. Nevertheless, economic factors are of equal importance, not only for p ... more

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Monitoring and Indicators of Communication for Development: Technical Note

Copenhagen: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark (Danida) (2007), 30 pp.

"This note offers a brief and non-technical introduction to indicators and monitoring tools relevant to communication for development in Danida’s countries of cooperation. It is primarily aimed at supporting staff at Danish representations or at HQ responsible for preparing and managing Danish bil ... more

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Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Media Monitoring

Lee B. Becker

Athens, GA: University of Georgia, James Cox Center for International Mass Communication Training and Research (2007), 58 pp.

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Media & ED: What Are Organisations Doing?

Donor Committee for Enterprise Development (2007), 4 pp.

External Link (49)

Google Scholar (79)

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Exporting Press Freedom: Economic and Editorial Dilemmas in International Media Assistance
Deep Insights

Craig L. LaMay

New Brunswick; London: Transaction Publishers (2007), 310 pp.

"Exporting Press Freedom examines the history and practice of media assistance, and argues that the dilemma of media independence and sustainability is best understood as an economic problem rather than one of poor editorial standards or lack of will. It includes profiles of news and public affairs ... more

Exporting Press Freedom: Economic and Editorial Dilemmas in International Media Assistance Deep Insights

Exporting Press Freedom: Economic and Editorial Dilemmas in International Media Assistance
Deep Insights