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Zwischen Wertschätzung und Widerstand: Algorithmische Kompetenz junger Menschen am Beispiel der Kurzvideoplattform TikTok

Leonie Alatassi, Sascha Hölig, Philipp Kessling

Hamburg: Hans-Bredow-Institut (2025), 64 pp.

"In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, was Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene über die Funktionsweise des algorithmischen Empfehlungssystems (AES) von TikTok wissen, inwiefern sie damit interagieren und welche Emotionen dabei involviert sind. Dazu wurden sechs Fokusgruppen (n=31) in drei deuts ... chen Großstädten mit jungen Menschen im Alter zwischen 16 und 24 Jahren sowie Follow-up-Einzelinterviews (n=12) durchgeführt. Es zeigt sich ein übergreifend hohes Bewusstsein für algorithmische Empfehlung bei TikTok als erlebter Zustand („knowing“), der sich aus der eigenen Nutzungserfahrung ergibt. Es gibt altersbezogene Unterschiede beim Wissen um Einflussfaktoren und insgesamt ein begrenztes Wissen zur Datensammlung und -verarbeitung sowie damit einhergehend geringe Bedenken und Reflexionen über die Preisgabe personenbezogener Daten. Such-, Video-, Profil- und Sozialinteraktionen sind in die alltägliche Nutzung der Plattform eingebettet und finden größtenteils unbewusst, ohne explizite Steuerungsabsicht, statt. Die Teilnehmenden können innerhalb der von der Plattform vorgegebenen Strukturen agieren und Handlungsziele durchsetzen, erleben die (technischen) Grenzen jedoch als kaum beeinflussbar. Häufig fehlen Wissen und Motivation, um tiefergehende Einstellungen, etwa zum Datenschutz, der personalisierten Suche oder Profileinstellungen, aktiv zu verändern. Emotionen spielen in der Interaktion mit der For-You-Page (FYP) eine große Rolle. Die Teilnehmenden erleben positive Gefühle der Wertschätzung, indem der Algorithmus als personalisierter Begleiter erlebt wird, der individuelle Vorlieben erkennt, inspiriert und das Nutzungserlebnis angenehm gestaltet. Gleichzeitig entstehen negative Emotionen wie Genervtheit, Unbehagen oder Kontrollverlust, insbesondere bei unpassenden Inhalten, einer wahrgenommenen Übersteuerung durch den Algorithmus oder der eigenen Nutzungsdauer. Diese Gefühle führen teils zu Widerstand in Form von aktiven Interaktionshandlungen oder zu selbstregulativen Strategien (z. B. Löschen der App) und sind Ausdruck eines Autonomiestrebens. Die Unterscheidung zwischen passiven Kontakten mit politischen Informationen auf TikTok (push: „ich schaue mir politische Videos an, die mir gezeigt werden“) und aktiven Informationshandlungen durch Kuratierungspraktiken wie das Liken von Videos, das Folgen und Nachschauen von Profilen oder die Nutzung der Suchfunktion (pull: „ich nutze die Plattform, um mich zu informieren“) ist essenziell. Grundsätzlich empfinden es die meisten Teilnehmenden als praktisch, wenn Nachrichten oder politische Themen in Form von kurzen Videos auf der FYP angezeigt werden, weil das passive Scannen dieser Inhalte das Gefühl erzeuge „auf dem aktuellsten Stand“ zu sein. Die wenigsten Teilnehmenden konsumieren gezielt politische Inhalte, indem sie nach Themen suchen, politische Videos favorisieren oder politische Profile anschauen und diesen folgen. Die Beschäftigung mit Nachrichten und Politik im Kontext der TikTok-Nutzung widerspricht dem Eskapismus- und Unterhaltungsbedürfnis vieler Teilnehmender. Es gibt eine Grundskepsis gegenüber TikTok, die sich zum einen auf das Image der Plattform, „nicht vertrauenswürdig“ zu sein, stützt, und zum anderen auf die Angst vor „falschen Informationen“ und die damit zusammenhängende Wahrnehmung, dass es sich bei TikTok nicht um eine „seriöse“ Quelle, sondern eine reine Unterhaltungsplattform handle." (Überblick über die wichtigsten Ergebnisse, Seite 5) more

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Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025
Deep Insights

Nic Newman, Richard Fletcher, Craig T. Robertson, Amy Ross Arguedas, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen (eds.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2025), 170 pp.

"• Engagement with traditional media sources such as TV, print, and news websites continues to fall, while dependence on social media, video platforms, and online aggregators grows. This is particularly the case in the United States where polling overlapped with the first few weeks of the new Trum ... p administration. Social media news use was sharply up (+6pp) but there was no ‘Trump bump’ for traditional sources. • Personalities and influencers are, in some countries, playing a significant role in shaping public debates. One-fifth (22%) of our United States sample says they came across news or commentary from popular podcaster Joe Rogan in the week after the inauguration, including a disproportionate number of young men. In France, young news creator Hugo Travers (HugoDécrypte) reaches 22% of under-35s with content distributed mainly via YouTube and TikTok. Young influencers also play a significant role in many Asian countries, including Thailand. • News use across online platforms continues to fragment, with six online networks now reaching more than 10% weekly with news content, compared with just two a decade ago. Around a third of our global sample use Facebook (36%) and YouTube (30%) for news each week. Instagram (19%) and WhatsApp (19%) are used by around a fifth, while TikTok (16%) remains ahead of X at 12%. • Data show that usage of X for news is stable or increasing across many markets, with the biggest uplift in the United States (+8pp), Australia (+6pp), and Poland (+6pp). Since Elon Musk took over the network in 2022 many more right-leaning people, notably young men, have flocked to the network, while some progressive audiences have left or are using it less frequently. Rival networks like Threads, Bluesky, and Mastodon are making little impact globally, with reach of 2% or less for news. • Changing platform strategies mean that video continues to grow in importance as a source of news. Across all markets the proportion consuming social video has grown from 52% in 2020 to 65% in 2025 and any video from 67% to 75%. In the Philippines, Thailand, Kenya, and India more people now say they prefer to watch the news rather than read it, further encouraging the shift to personality-led news creators. • Our survey also shows the importance of news podcasting in reaching younger, better-educated audiences. The United States has among the highest proportion (15%) accessing one or more podcasts in the last week, with many of these now filmed and distributed via video platforms such as YouTube and TikTok. By contrast, many northern European podcast markets remain dominated by public broadcasters or big legacy media companies and have been slower to adopt video versions. • TikTok is the fastest growing social and video network, adding a further 4pp across markets for news and reaching 49% of our online sample in Thailand (+10pp) and 40% in Malaysia (+9pp). But at the same time people in those markets see the network as one of the biggest threats when it comes to false or misleading information, along with Facebook. • Overall, over half our sample (58%) say they remain concerned about their ability to tell what is true from what is false when it comes to news online, a similar proportion to last year. Concern is highest in Africa (73%) and the United States (73%), with lowest levels in Western Europe (46%). • When it comes to underlying sources of false or misleading information, online influencers and personalities are seen as the biggest threat worldwide (47%), along with national politicians (47%). Concern about influencers is highest in African countries such as Nigeria (58%) and Kenya (59%), while politicians are considered the biggest threat in the United States (57%), Spain (57%), and much of Eastern Europe." (Executive summary, page 10-11) more

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Connecting citizens and leaders in Uganda through participatory radio

Mohazzab Abdullah

In: World Radio TV Handbook: The Directory of Global Broadcasting 2025

Freising (DE): Radio Data Center (2025), pp. 36-39

"A clear indicator of Uganda's digital divide is that, even in 2023, radio remained both the primary and most trusted source of information in the country. This is why we, at TRAC FM, leverage radio and toll-free SMS technology to serve the increasingly isolated public spheres across Uganda's distri ... more

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Showrunning for Social Impact Entertainment: The Collaborative System of Rosy Ocampo & El Instituto
Deep Insights

Heriberto López Romo, Alejandro Garnica Andrade

Coyoacán, Mexico, DF: Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales; Population Media Center (2025), 580 pp.

"In our years of working with producers, we at El Instituto have seen a consistent industry demand for insights into what makes content resonate with audiences. This book, Showrunning for Social Impact Entertainment: The Collaborative System of Rosy Ocampo & El Instituto, explores the career and pro ... duction model of Rosy Ocampo, showcasing her innovative approach to entertainment that seamlessly integrates storytelling with social impact messaging. It details her unique collaboration with El Instituto that has contributed to the development of audience-centered, socially conscious content. The book is divided into four sections. Part 1 examines Rosy Ocampo’s contributions across telenovela formats, from children’s programming to the Vencer franchise. The second part of this book explores the system developed by Rosy Ocampo’s team to enhance the value of each stage in the production process. It also examines the integration and collaboration with the Content Intelligence® research model, created by El Instituto, which provides a deeper understanding of audience behavior and preferences. The third part presents the key impact indicators of the entertainment content produced by Rosy Ocampo. These indicators reflect both commercial success and social influence of her productions. To conclude, the final section offers a collection of perspectives from experts in communication, media, and social change, providing insights into the future of socially responsible entertainment. This book aligns with national and international initiatives in both content production and research that seek to demonstrate the effectiveness of entertainment in shaping attitudes and behaviors. In a world where media can play a crucial role in influencing individuals, families, and society, entertainment has the potential to address urgent contemporary and global issues such as gender equality, women’s empowerment, public health, well-being promotion, and environmental sustainability, as outlined in the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We hope that this book will contribute to and inspire future showrunners and content creators to integrate socially relevant messages into their productions, supported by audience research, to generate meaningful, positive impact." (Introduction, pages 12-13) more

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Local media: Surviving and thriving in a news desert Lessons learned from Local Media for Democracy
Deep Insights

Iryna Vidanava, Clare Cook

Copenhagen: International Media Support (IMS); Local Media for Democracy (LM4D) (2024), 59 pp.

"The Local Media for Democracy (LM4D) programme was conceived and designed to achieve exactly that: to recognise and strengthen local media operating in news deserts and to provide local communities with the timely, accurate, and relevant information they need to make informed decisions about what m ... more

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5 Lessons Learned Running a Chatbot Service for Social Good
Deep Insights

Isabelle Amazon-Brown, David Cole

ICTworks (2024)

"ONE is a campaigning and advocacy organization focused on fighting extreme poverty and preventable diseases, particularly in Africa. ONE had been using mobile technologies to reach new audiences since 2012, leveraging SMS, USSD, IVR and mobile-optimized websites to provide a simple and easy for cit ... more

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Chancen und Herausforderungen der redaktionellen Umsetzung von Audience Engagement – eine Fallstudie am Beispiel des Projektes #unserWasser

Bernadette Uth

Publizistik, volume 69 (2024), pp. 39-63

"Redaktionen müssen angesichts einer zunehmend fragmentierten Publikumsbeziehung neue Wege finden, ihre Rezipierenden an sich zu binden. Eine in diesem Kontext oftmals diskutierte Strategie ist die des Audience- Engagements. Im Rahmen einer Fallstudie untersucht dieser Beitrag Chancen und Herausfor ... more

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Reaching Hard-To-Reach Communities: Using WhatsApp to Give Conflict-Affected Audiences a Voice

Emma Heywood, Beatrice Ivey, Sacha Meuter

International Journal of Social Research Methodology, volume 27, issue 1 (2024), pp. 107-121

"This article provides an original and timely contribution to current cutting-edge methodological debates by discussing the ongoing need to ensure communities in zones which are inaccessible through war, conflict or disease still have a voice and are not side-lined. As seen during Covid-19, traditio ... more

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Redefining News: A Manifesto for Community-Centered Journalism. From Audience to Partners: Community-Centric Journalism and the Principles That Underpin It

Damian Radcliffe, Andrew DeVigal, Regina Lawrence

University of Oregon, School of Journalism and Communication (2023), 34 pp.

"In contrast to the top-down approach newsrooms have traditionally deployed, Community-Centered Journalism offers a more people-cen tered approach focused on meeting the demonstrable needs and priorities of communities. Instead of newsrooms assuming they know what information people need, they gathe ... more

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Questioning Fact-Checking in the Fight Against Disinformation: An Audience Perspective

Maria Kyriakidou, Stephen Cushion, Ceri Hughes, Marina Morani

Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 10 (2023), pp. 2123-2139

"Fact-checking has been identified as a significant journalistic tool in the fight against disinformation. Relevant studies have focused on its emergence as a movement within journalism aiming at renewing the profession, as well as its effectiveness in challenging disinformation, especially during e ... more

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‘It is Guiding Us to Protect Ourselves’: A Qualitative Investigation Into Why Young People Engage with a Mass-Media HIV Education Campaign

Venetia Baker, Sarah Mulwa, Sophie Sarrassat, David Khanyile, Simon Cousens, Cherie Cawood, Isolde Birdthistle

Culture, Health & Sexuality, volume 25, issue 7 (2023), pp. 803-817

"This study explores how and why young people engage with MTV Shuga, a popular mass media campaign in South Africa, to understand what makes effective HIV edutainment. Young MTV Shuga viewers from the Eastern Cape, South Africa and their parents participated in remote individual interviews and focus ... more

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Google Scholar (59)

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African Language Media

Phillip Mpofu, Israel A. Fadipe, Thulani Tshabangu (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2023), xxi, 317 pp.

"This book outlines how African language media is affected by politics, technology, culture, and the economy and how this media is creatively produced and appropriated by audiences across cultures and contexts. African language media can be considered as a tool for communication, socialization, and ... more

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Google Scholar (38)

WorldCat (44)

Making the Long March Online: Some Cultural Dynamics of Digital Political Participation in Three Chinese Societies

Yuanhang Lu, Yi-Hui C. Huang, Lang Kao, Yu-tzung Chang

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 1 (2023), pp. 160-183

"This study examines the authoritarian conditioning of political expression on social media in three Chinese societiesby analyzing three parallel surveys comprising 6942 respondents from mainland China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. Results demonstrate that the use of social media to gather political infor ... more

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Fact-Checking and Audience Engagement: A Study of Content Analysis and Audience Behavioral Data of Fact-Checking Coverage from News Media

Hyun Suk Kim, Yoo Ji Suh, Eun-mee Kim, Eunryung Chong, Hwajung Hong et al.

Digital Journalism, volume 10, issue 5 (2022), pp. 781-800

"This study examined (a) what message variations characterize news articles that fact-check (mis)information (N¼914) and (b) how those message features shape audience engagement with the articles. The study content-analyzed fact-checking coverage from major news outlets in South Korea using both ma ... more

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Estudio de riesgos al pluralismo 2022: Propiedad, participación y contienda electoral en la TV colombiana

Comisión de Regulación de Comunicaciones (CRCOM) (2022), 26 pp.

"En el primer capítulo se expone cómo se están dando las dinámicas de participación ciudadana en la TV abierta. El segundo capítulo ahonda en la caracterización de los controlantes de los operadores de TV abierta. El tercer capítulo expone las tendencias en materia de pluralismo de los progr ... more

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Indicadores para evaluar la rendición de cuentas en los medios de comunicación

Marcel Mauri-Rios, Xavier Ramon-Vegas, Ruth Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús Díaz-Campo

Cuadernos.info, issue 51 (2022), pp. 1-27

"Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar indicadores clave para evaluar la capacidad de transparencia, autorregulación y participación de los usuarios, las tres dimensiones de la accountability. Se adoptó un triple punto de partida metodológico: revisión sistemática de literatura so ... more

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Understanding RT’s Audiences: Exposure Not Endorsement for Twitter Followers of Russian State-Sponsored Media

Rhys Crilley, Marie Gillespie, Bertie Vidgen, Alistair Willis

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 27, issue 1 (2022), pp. 220-242

"The Russian state-funded international broadcaster RT (formerly Russia Today) has attracted much attention as a purveyor of Russian propaganda. To date, most studies of RT have focused on its broadcast, website, and social media content, with little research on its audiences. Through a data-driven ... more

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Internet Radio and Podcasts as Alternative to the Public Service and Commercial Mainstream Media in Poland: The Cases of Radio Nowy Swiat, Radio 357, and Raport O Stanie Swiata

Urszula Doliwa

Profesional de la Información, volume 31, issue 5: e310506 (2022), 13 pp.

"The aim of this article is to show to what extent alternative audio media can be built online, not only by amateurs but also as a combination of the energy and involvement of professional journalists and the community of listeners who are ready to support them [...] The podcast Raport o stanie swia ... more

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Using Markers for Digital Engagement and Social Change: Tracking Meaningful Narrative Exchange in Transmedia Edutainment with Text Analytics Techniques

Roel O. Lutkenhaus, Hua Wang, Arvind Singhal, Jeroen Jansz, Martine P. A. Bouman

Digital Health, volume 8 (2022), pp. 1-18

"While social media offer an unprecedented opportunity for orchestrating large-scale communication campaigns, it is often difficult to track audience responses on various digital platforms over time and to ascertain if their engagement is aligned with the original intention. In this article, we shar ... more

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What’s Next? Public Service Journalism in the Age of Distraction, Opinion, and Information Abundance

Geneva: European Broadcasting Union (EBU) (2021), 162 pp.

"Public service journalism draws its legitimacy from a strong connection with the public. The EBU News Report 2021-22 highlights how today’s public service media organisations go about building and strengthening this connection while dealing with a variety of challenges. In three parts and 16 case ... more

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025 Deep Insights

Showrunning for Social Impact Entertainment: The Collaborative System of Rosy Ocampo & El Instituto Deep Insights

Local media: Surviving and thriving in a news desert Lessons learned from Local Media for Democracy Deep Insights

5 Lessons Learned Running a Chatbot Service for Social Good Deep Insights

Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2025
Deep Insights

Showrunning for Social Impact Entertainment: The Collaborative System of Rosy Ocampo & El Instituto
Deep Insights

Local media: Surviving and thriving in a news desert Lessons learned from Local Media for Democracy
Deep Insights

5 Lessons Learned Running a Chatbot Service for Social Good
Deep Insights