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Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
87
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
30
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
28
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
27
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
22
Propaganda
21
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
19
COVID-19 Communication
19
Social Media in Political Communication
18
Twitter & Microblogs
17
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
16
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
15
Media Use, Media Consumption
14
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
14
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
12
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
12
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
12
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
12
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
11
WhatsApp
11
Media Law & Regulation
11
Election Campaigns: Social Media
11
Access to Media & Information
10
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
10
Government Communication Strategies
10
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
10
Facebook
10
Artificial Intelligence
10
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
10
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
9
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
9
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
9
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
9
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
9
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
8
Freedom of Expression
8
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
8
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
8
Digital & Information Literacy
8
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
8
Populism
8
Telecommunication Infrastructure
8
Election Campaigns
7
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
7
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
7
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
7
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
7
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
7
Journalism Ethics
7
Manipulation
7
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
6
Government Propaganda
6
Digital Media Landscapes
6
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
6
Political Communication
6
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
5
War Reporting
5
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
5
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
5
Digital Political Communication
5
Online News
5
Social Media
5
Telegram
5
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
5
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
5
Journalistic Quality
5
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
5
Polarization, Political Polarization
5
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
5
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
4
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
4
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
4
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
4
Bots
4
YouTube
4
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
4
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
4
Journalism
4
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
4
Media & Information Literacy
4
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
4
User-Generated Contents
4
Censorship
3
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
3
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
3
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
3
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
3
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
3
Countering Misinformation & Rumours
3
Rumours & Rumour Management
3
Influencers (Social Media)
3
AI & Democracy / Democratization
3
Generative AI, including ChatGPT et al.
3
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
3
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
3
Racism in Social Media & Digital Communication
3
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
3
Reporting on Disinformation & Misinformation
3
Environmental Communication
3
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
3
Investigative Journalism
3
Journalism Education & Training
3
Media Literacy: Youth
3
Social Media Landscapes
3
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
3
Public Opinion
3
Public Media, State Media
3
Public Service Broadcasting
3
Cyberpsychology
3
Antisemitism
3
Discrimination
3
Society
3
Population
3
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
3
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
2
Advertising Markets & Industries
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
2
Audiences & Users
2
Internet & Social Media Use: Women
2
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
2
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
2
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
2
Holocaust
2
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
2
Dealing With the Past
2
Internet / ICTs and Conflicts
2
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
2
Memes
2
Algorithms & Big Data
2
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
2
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
2
Google
2
Internet Shutdowns
2
Digital Media Markets
2
Podcasts
2
TikTok
2
AI & Social Justice
2
Effects of Disinformation on Democracy
2
Gendered Disinformation
2
Digital Economies & Markets
2
Political Economy of Media
2
Sports Reporting
2
Ethics in Media & Communication
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Countering Defamation & Harassment
2
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
2
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
2
Self-Regulation of Media
2
Female Journalists & Media Workers
2
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
2
History of Journalism
2
Nazism
2
Foreign Correspondents
2
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
2
European Union (EU)
2
Journalists
2
Election Reporting
2
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
2
Information Ecosystems
2
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
2
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
2
Right-Wing Extremism
2
Democracy / Democratization and Media
2
Radicalisation: Influence of Media
2
Public Opinion Manipulation
2
Public Spheres
2
Media Psychology, Communication Psychology
2
Religion and Communication
2
COVID-19 Pandemic & Religion
2
Taliban
2
Islam and Communication
2
Research in Media & Communication
2
Science Communication & Research Dissemination
2
Robots, Robotics
2
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
2
Access to Media & Information: Disadvantaged Groups and Minorities
1
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
1
Digital Advertising, Online Advertising
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Migrants & Refugees
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Behavior Tracking & Cookies
1
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
1
Social Media Analytics, Web Metrics, User Data Analytics
1
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Mobile Phone Use: Migrants & Refugees
1
Authoritarian Discourse
1
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
1
E-Books & Digital Book Publishing
1
Catholic Church and Communication
1
Catholic Communication Ethics, Catholic Media Ethics
1
Catholic Social Thought
1
Child Abuse: Digital Media
1
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
1
Children & Digital Media
1
Girls and Media
1
Media Literacy: Children
1
Media Literacy: Preschool Children
1
Christian Communication Ethics, Christian Media Ethics
1
Church Marketing
1
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
1
Nollywood
1
Communication Rights
1
Digital Rights
1
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
1
Freedom of Expression Principles
1
Intellectual Property
1
Media / Communication Control
1
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
1
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
1
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
State Influence on the Media
1
Crisis Communication
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Nonprofit Public Relations: Design & Implementation
1
Social Media Marketing & Digital Public Relations
1
Viral Spots & Viral Online Communication
1
Alternative Communication & Media
1
Community Radios
1
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
1
Genocides
1
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
1
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
1
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
1
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
1
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
1
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
1
Extremist Recruitment through Media
1
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
1
Peace Negotiations & Agreements: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Computational Content Analysis
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
1
Hermeneutics
1
Media Ethnography
1
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
1
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
1
Literature
1
Open Society Foundations (NGO network)
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Behaviour Change Communication
1
Digital Communication, Digital Media
1
Convergence of Media
1
Cybercrimes
1
Digital Inclusion
1
Digital Labour, Digital Work
1
Digital Media, Internet & Religion
1
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
1
Digital Research Methods
1
History of Internet & Digital Media
1
Interactive Media
1
WeChat (Messaging, Social Media & Mobile Payment App, China)
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Political Blogging
1
Political Websites & Online Communities
1
Financing Digital / Online Media
1
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
1
Instagram
1
Streaming Media
1
Trolling (Social Media)
1
AI in Journalism & Media
1
AI Reporting
1
Digital Philosophies
1
Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
1
Discrimination in Language & Media
1
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
1
LGBT & Communication / Media
1
Minorities & Disadavantaged Groups: Oppression
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Racism in Communication & Media
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Information Management
1
Early Warning: Disasters
1
Stop.Fake.org (Internet Portal, Kiev)
1
Environmental Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Economics of Media
1
Media Clusters
1
Media Concentration
1
Media Industries
1
Music Industries & Markets
1
Television Markets
1
Civic Education: Use & Role of Media
1
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
1
Gaming: Ethical Issues
1
Sports
1
Docusoaps & Scripted Reality Programmes
1
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
1
Environmental Journalism
1
Defamation Law & Regulation
1
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
1
Image Ethics, Ethics in Photojournalism
1
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
1
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
1
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
1
Sexuality
1
Decolonial & Non-Western Approaches
1
Gatekeepers
1
Good Practice Examples
1
History of Disinformation
1
Indigenous Communication
1
Ethnicity in Communication
1
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
1
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
1
NATO
1
UNESCO
1
United Nations (UN)
1
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
1
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
1
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
1
Journalism Sources
1
Journalism Studies & Research
1
Journalistic Genres
1
Journalistic Practices & Routines
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
1
Mobile Journalism, Video Journalism
1
News
1
Local News
1
Newsroom Management
1
Radio Journalism
1
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Drug Trafficking Reporting & Media Representation
1
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Asian Languages
1
Local Communication & Media
1
Media Assistance
1
Mindfulness, Mindful Communication
1
Media Literacy: Primary Education
1
Media Literacy: Secondary Education
1
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
1
Media Governance
1
Rule of Law
1
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Deaf & Hard of Hearing People
1
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
1
Aquinas, Thomas (1225-1274)
1
Cadwalladr, Carole (British Investigative Journalist)
1
Khashoggi, Jamal (1958-2018)
1
Ressa, Maria
1
Conflict & War Photography
1
Accountability & Transparency
1
Governance
1
FARC (Insurgent Group, Colombia)
1
Political Culture
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Framing
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Political Television Programmes & Political Talkshows
1
Public & State Television
1
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
1
Gatekeeping Function of Media
1
Persuasive Communication
1
Everyday Life
1
Indignation, Outrage
1
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
1
Prejudices
1
Perception, Cognition & Comprehension
1
Third-Person Effects
1
Buddhism
1
Confucianism
1
Interreligious Dialogue
1
Islam
1
Muslim Digital Media & Online Communities
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Islam
1
Yazidism, Yazidis, Yezidis
1
Communication & Media Research Centres
1
Research Methods
1
Data Analysis & Interpretation
1
Political Indicators
1
Randomised Control Trials & (Quasi-) Experimental Designs
1
Rural Communication, Media in Rural Areas
1
Rohingya
1
Digital Media Technologies
1
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
1
Mobile Phone Apps
1
Remote Work, Teleworking, Working from Home
1
SMS
1
State Influence on ICT & Telecommunication Markets
1
Telecommunication Law, Regulation & Policies
1
Al-Jazeera
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Urban Communication, Urban Media
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
"As conspiracy theories have become a popular form of political discourse worldwide, states have promoted conspiratorial ideas to advance their foreign policy goals. Yet, despite recent attention to the spread of propaganda abroad, scholars have not addressed whether and how conspiracy theories spre ... more
"[...] this article contributes ethnographically grounded and comparative research of two democratic Southeast Asian countries dealing with urgent threats to media freedom and democracy: Indonesia and the Philippines. Our research identifies the main disinformation work models in Southeast Asia, mos ... more

Study Days Program Book

Seoul: Signis Korea (2022), 108 pp.
"Study days is one of the most important programs to communicate the meaning of SIGNIS World Congress. In Seoul, we have keynote speakers, panel speakers and discussants participating from fifteen countries to discuss 'Peace in the Digital World', the theme of the World Congress, composed of three s ... more
"This paper has four parts. First, it outlines current research and definitions relating to false and misleading digital content and looks at children's behaviour in the digital environment. Second, the concepts of media literacy, digital literacy and other relevant competencies are discussed. Third ... more
"More than 13 million people have been displaced by the war in Ukraine in the last six months, with 1.6 million refugees entering Romania since February. As of August 2022, more than 87 thousand people are still seeking shelter in Romania with the support of the Government and partners including civ ... more

Understanding Digital Conflict Drivers

In: Fundamental Challenges to Global Peace and Security
H. Mahmoudi et al. (eds.)
Cham: Springer (2022), pp. 169-200
"This chapter explores digital drivers of conflict. We examine how technologies are affecting conflict dynamics and what peacebuilders can do to mitigate these effects. We argue that because digital technologies are fundamentally altering the human experience, they are by extension fundamentally alt ... more
"The publication analyzes the emerging trends of foreign authoritarian-state disinformation in the context of the war in Ukraine in a comparative manner focusing on 7 states of Southeast Europe (Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Albania). It examines ... more
"The book offers a critical map to navigate the field of media governance. A thread of cosmopolitan critique connects the fourteen chapters to enhance media governance literature beyond the West and regional foci. The first part addresses the epistemological and ontological flaws in the use and adap ... more

The Face of Peace: Government Pedagogy Amid Disinformation in Colombia

Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press (2022), xvi, 297 pp.
"Colombia's 2016 peace agreement with the FARC guerrilla sought to end fifty years of war, and won President Juan Manuel Santos the Nobel Peace Prize. Yet Colombian society rejected it in a polarizing referendum, amid an emotive disinformation campaign. A renegotiated deal began to be implemented, a ... more

Disinformation in the Global South

Guy Berger (foreword)
Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell (2022), xxv, 237 pp.
"In many parts of the Global South, coordinated political disinformation campaigns, rumor, and propaganda have long been a part of the social fabric, even before disinformation has become an area of scholarship in the Global North. The way disinformation manifests in this region, and responses to it ... more
"By the time readers arrive at the end of Jones’s astonishing examination of social media in the Middle East, they will be completely persuaded that it is now impossible to tell whether anything they read online is true. Replete with bots and sock puppets, trolls and dupes, this online world is bo ... more

Media Literacy and Disinformation Perception Survey

Tbilisi: Media Development Foundation (MDF) (2022), 37 pp.
"The aim of this research was to study media consumption habits among different age groups and geographical areas, as well as the public's vulnerability to various disinformation and manipulative narratives disseminated in Georgia. The first part of the research concerns media literacy competencies, ... more

The Digitalisation of Armed Conflicts: Three Humanitarian Priorities

Brussels: Brussels School of Governance, Centre for Security, Diplomacy and Strategy (2022), 5 pp.
"States should interpret – and apply – existing rules in a manner that ensures adequate and sufficient protection for civilians and civilian infrastructure, information and communication technology (ICT) systems and data in our ever-increasingly digitalised societies. Academia, tech companies, s ... more
"Seit Beginn des russischen Angriffskriegs gegen die Ukraine im Februar 2022 nutzen Rechtsextreme die Ereignisse und Entwicklungen für ihre Propaganda. Dabei lassen sich sowohl pro-ukrainische als auch prorussische Positionierungen beobachten. Insbesondere werden gezielt Desinformationen und Versch ... more
"The study specifically focuses on five types of harmful content: a) hate speech and hate narratives; b) denials of war crimes and glorification of war criminals; c) ethno-nationally and/or politically biased media reporting; d) disinformation; and e) attacks, threats and smear campaigns against ind ... more
"This publication is the first report from UNESCO and the United Nations to specifically address Holocaust denial and distortion. It details the ways in which social media is fertile ground for hate and prejudice - and proposes actions we can take in response. Based on the data of billions of Facebo ... more
"Populist politicians increasingly accuse opposing media of spreading disinformation or “fake news.” However, empirical research on the effects of these accusations is scarce. This survey experiment (N = 1,330) shows that disinformation accusations reduce audience members’ trust in the accused ... more

Social Media and the Information War in the Balkans

Brussels: Balkan Free Media Initiative (BFMI) (2022), 52 pp.
"This report examines the destabilizing effects of social media in two key places in the Balkans: Serbia and Republika Srpska, the majority Serb entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The leaders of both – President Aleksandar Vucic in Serbia and President Milorad Dodik in Republika Srpska – ar ... more

Comunicação e ciência: Reflexões sobre a desinformação

São Paulo: Intercom – Sociedade Brasileira de Estudos Interdisciplinares da Comunicação (2022), 476 pp.
"Como indica o título do livro há em seus 21 textos diversos cenários que se apresentam em torno daquilo que conceitualmente é definido como “desinformação”, ou seja, reflexões sobre o nosso tempo concomitante de vida em que se dá crédito a teorias absurdas, se reescreve o passado a par ... more
"China is accused of conducting disinformation campaigns on Taiwan's social media. Existing studies on foreign interventions in democratic societies predict that such disinformation campaigns should lead to increasing partisan polarization within Taiwan. We argue that a backlash effect, making Taiwa ... more