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Output Type
Online Temptations: COVID-19 and Religious Misinformation in the MENA Region
Social Media + Society, volume 6, issue 3 (2020), pp. 1-4
"Issues of verification in the age of mass media, and now social media, have been a long-discussed topic among Islamic media scholars. While Islam might be a common thread in COVID-19 religious misinformation, there is nothing inherently Islamic to the religious tinged elements of misinformation on
...
Countering Fake News: A Comparison of Possible Solutions Regarding User Acceptance and Effectiveness
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, issue CSCW2, Article 140 (2020), 27 pp.
"This work takes a user-centered approach on means to counter identified mis- and disinformation in social media. We conduct a three-step study design on how approaches in social media should be presented to respect the users’ needs and experiences and how effective they are. As our first step, in
...
Misinformation Review
Deep Insights
"The HKS Misinformation Review is a new format of peer-reviewed, scholarly publication. Content is produced and “fast-reviewed” by misinformation scientists and scholars, released under open access licensing, and geared towards emphasizing real-world implications. All content is targeted towards
...
Defending freedom of expression: Fake news laws in East and Southeast Asia
Deep Insights
Bangkog; Manila: Asia Centre; Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats (CALD). (2020), 61 pp.
"This report compares the impact of legislation in countries with multiparty legislatures and independent government institutions, and countries with one dominant political force and an absence of independent national institutions. It finds that in the former countries, provisions are included to sa
...
Lügen, Hass und Desinformation: Lateinamerika in postfaktischen Zeiten
Perspectivas (Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung), issue 6 (2020), 36 pp.
"In Lateinamerika haben Politiker wie Bolsonaro in Brasilien oder Bukele in El Salvador die Präsidentschaftswahlen nicht zuletzt durch ihre Abgrenzung vom politischen Establishment gewonnen, ungeachtet dessen, dass auch sie schon lange zu diesem von ihnen so diskreditierten Politikbetrieb gehören.
...
Freedom on the Net 2020: The Pandemic's Digital Shadow
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: Freedom House (2020), 33 pp.
"Three notable trends punctuated an especially dismal year for internet freedom. First, political leaders used the pandemic as a pretext to limit access to information. Authorities often blocked independent news sites and arrested individuals on spurious charges of spreading false news. In many plac
...
From Novelty to Normalization? How Journalists Use the Term “Fake News” in their Reporting
Journalism Studies, volume 21, issue 10 (2020), pp. 1323-1343
"During recent years, worries about fake news have been a salient aspect of mediated debates. However, the ubiquitous and fuzzy usage of the term in news reporting has led more and more scholars and other public actors to call for its abandonment in public discourse altogether. Given this status as
...
Whose Fingerprint Does the News Show? Developing Machine Learning Classifiers for Automatically Identifying Russian State-Funded News in Serbia
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 4428-4452
"Democratic nations around the globe are facing increasing levels of false and misleading information circulating on social media and news websites, propagating alternative sociopolitical realities. One of the most innovative actors in this process has been the Russian state, whose disinformation ca
...
A Systematic Review on Fake News Themes Reported in Literature
In: Responsible Design, Implementation and Use of Information and Communication Technology. I3E 2020
International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) (2020), pp. 223-234
"In this systematic literature review, a study of the factors involved in the spreading of fake news, have been provided. In this review, the root causes of the spreading of fake news are identified to reduce the encouraging of such false information. To combat the spreading of fake news on social m
...
Understanding Misinformation on Mobile Instant Messengers (MIMs) in Developing Countries
Deep Insights
Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy (2020), 27 pp.
"We conducted a mixed-methods research project in Nigeria, India, and Pakistan consisting of surveys, survey experiments, and semi-structured interviews, to better understand the spread and impact of misinformation, and in particular of misinformation on mobile messaging apps (MIMs). One of our goal
...
Assessing Digital Threats to Democracy, and Workable Solutions: A Review of the Recent Literature
International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 2589-2610
"Concerns surrounding the threats that digital platforms pose to the functioning of Western liberal democracies have grown since the 2016 U.S. election. Yet despite a preponderance of academic work in this area, the precise nature of these threats, empirical solutions for their redress, and their re
...
"The study's findings, based on survey responses and interviews, point towards the poor quality of fact-checking practices in Pakistani newsrooms and stress the urgent need of introducing media literacy trainings to journalists and media practitioners." (Executive summary)
Exploring Turkey's Disinformation Ecosystem: An Overview
Istanbul: Edam Centre for Economics and Foreign Policy Studies (2020), 28 pp.
"The study’s key findings revealed that the Turkish information landscape is exposed to nearly all kinds of false information at very high rates. Frequent botnet and troll activity in Turkey’s social media use brings about more disinformation, fueling polarization and subversive discourse. Above
...
"Disinformation is an endemic and ubiquitous part of politics throughout the Western Balkans, without exception. A mapping of the disinformation and counter-dis in for mation landscapes in the region in the period from 2018 through 2020 reveals three key disinformation challenges: external challenge
...
Engendering Hate: The Contours of State-Aligned Gendered Disinformation Online
London: Demos (2020), 40 pp.
"Online spaces are being systematically weaponised to exclude women leaders and to undermine the role of women in public life. Attacks on women which use hateful language, rumour and gendered stereotypes combine personal attacks with political motivations, making online spaces dangerous places for w
...
The 101 of Disinformation Detection
London: Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD) (2020), 21 pp.
"Disinformation tactics and the responses in place to try to mitigate them online are changing rapidly. Organisations witnessing or targeted by disinformation therefore require a baseline understanding of the threats posed by disinformation and how to spot them while conducting their work. This tool
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Das ist keine Propaganda: Wie unsere Wirklichkeit zertrümmert wird
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2020), 295 pp.
"Auf der ganzen Welt nutzen unterschiedlichste Akteure die Wirkungsmechanismen der digitalen Medien aus, um durch gezielte Desinformationskampagnen die öffentliche Meinung zu beeinflussen. Dies, so lautet die zentrale These von Peter Pomerantsev, bedrohe Demokratien und Demokratisierungsprozesse. W
...
Tackling Misinformation: What Researchers Could Do with Social Media Data
Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, volume 1, issue 8 (2020), 14 pp.
"We invited misinformation researchers to write a 250-word commentary about the research that they would hypothetically conduct if they had access to consenting participants’ social media data. The excerpts below provide concrete examples of studies that misinformation researchers could conduct, i
...
Disinformation, Misinformation, and Fake News in Social Media: Emerging Research Challenges and Opportunities
Cham: Springer (2020), viii, 288 pp.
"This book serves as a convenient entry point for researchers, practitioners, and students to understand the problems and challenges, learn state-of-the-art solutions for their specific needs, and quickly identify new research problems in their domains. The contributors to this volume describe the r
...
10 Things to Know About Misinformation and Disinformation
London: Overseas Development Institute (ODI) (2020), 13 pp.
"By accident or design, the internet and social media have created the ideal conditions for a huge increase in false information and conspiracy theories. This can cause real harm offline, especially because digital literacy and digital policy are both currently unable to keep up with the pace of cha
...
