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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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Journals
Output Type
Mapping of Legal Framework and Responses by Actors to Address Harmful Content Online in Kenya
Build Up (2022), 47 pp.
"This report details the legal framework / rule of law tools in place, and responses by the government, social media companies, and civil society to address illegal harmful content and potentially harmful content online in Kenya. This research draws from 13 interviews with people active in Kenya's g
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Pseudo-Media Disinformation Patterns: Polarised Discourse, Clickbait and Twisted Journalistic Mimicry
Journalism Practice, volume 17, issue 10 (2022), pp. 2140-2158
"Information disorder involves wide-ranging content that challenges democratic rules and social harmony. Pseudo-media that relies on conspiracy theories and misleading versions of the social reality contribute to feeding the disinformation ecosystem by reinforcing biased messages with expressive pat
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Content Moderation and Freedom of Expression: Bridging the Gap Between Social Media and Local Civil Society
Article 19; UNESCO (2022), 46 pp.
"This report presents a summary analysis of research on current practices of content moderation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Indonesia, and Kenya, with a specific focus on 'harmful content' such as 'hate speech' and disinformation. The methodology combined desk research with qualitative interviews wit
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Les politiciens et les usagers des réseaux sociaux sont les plus susceptibles de diffuser des nouvelles qu'ils savents fausses, selon les Nigériens
Afrobarometer (2022), 5 pp.
"Les Nigériens sont majoritaires à penser que les politiciens et les partis politiques (63%) et les usagers des réseaux sociaux (57%) diffusent "souvent" ou "quelque fois" des informations qu'ils savent fausses. Des grandes majorites des citoyens nigeriens estiment que le gouvernement devrait pou
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The detection of political deepfakes
Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, volume 27, issue 4, zmac008 (2022), 13 pp.
"In this article, a theoretical model on the detection of deepfakes by ordinary citizens is introduced. The authors conducted three studies in which deepfakes with political content were presented. The deepfakes showed UK’s Prime Minister Boris Johnson or Barack Obama. In the deepfake videos, the
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Regulation of Harmful Content Online in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Between Freedom of Expression and Harms to Democracy
Sarajevo: Mediacentar; UNESCO (2022), 108 pp.
"The study specifically focuses on five types of harmful content: a) hate speech and hate narratives; b) denials of war crimes and glorification of war criminals; c) ethno-nationally and/or politically biased media reporting; d) disinformation; and e) attacks, threats and smear campaigns against ind
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Countering Beijing’s Media Manipulation
Journal of Democracy, volume 33, issue 1 (2022), pp. 116-130
"The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has long sought to influence media coverage about China in other countries. Over the past decade, this campaign has accelerated, reaching new world regions and topics. This article examines how CCP-linked actors seek to manipulate foreign information environments i
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Political and Media Analysis on the Tigray Conflict in Ethiopia
Brussels: European Institute of Peace (2022), 37 pp.
"This study reviews patterns of domestic and international media reporting and the role of disinformation, misinformation, and media bias in the Tigray conflict, which has been raging since November 2020. Since its outbreak, the conflict has evolved through four broad phases. Throughout these phases
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Negacionismo climático e desinformação online: Uma revisão de escopo
Liinc em Revista (Rio de Janeiro), volume 18, issue 1, e5948 (2022), 27 pp.
"Esforços de síntese de evidências vêm apontando para o avanço das formas organizadas de desinformação e negação do conhecimento científico sobre a mudança climática global. Em vários países do mundo, há um forte debate sobre a difusão dessas narrativas no ambiente online e seus impa
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Populist attitudes and politicians’ disinformation accusations: Effects on perceptions of media and politicians
Journal of Communication, volume 72, issue 6 (2022), pp. 619-632
"Populist politicians increasingly accuse opposing media of spreading disinformation or “fake news.” However, empirical research on the effects of these accusations is scarce. This survey experiment (N = 1,330) shows that disinformation accusations reduce audience members’ trust in the accused
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"To illustrate the dynamics of the digital information ecosystem and how disinformation is seeded within this environment, Rappler explored cascades around the following themes: war on drugs, attacks against the press, and messaging around Martial Law and authoritarian rule. The themes were selected
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Scientific Disinformation in Times of Epistemic Crisis: Circulation of Conspiracy Theories on Social Media Platforms
Online Media and Global Communication, volume 1, issue 1 (2022), pp. 164-186
"The spread of disinformation about science in social media has been a major concern worldwide, especially at a time of crisis in which all institutions that produce knowledge and truth, including science, are delegitimized or discredited by society. Given this, the purpose of this research is to ma
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Success and Failure in News Media Performance: Comparative Analysis in the Media for Democracy Monitor 2021
Gothenburg: Nordicom; University of Gothenburg (2022), 360 pp.
"The Media for Democracy Monitor (MDM) assesses the performance of leading news media in mature democracies with regard to the three core dimensions of democracy: freedom, equality, and control. After monitoring 10 countries in 2011, the MDM project expanded to cover the leading news media of 18 dem
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Solidarity Through Cynicism? The Influence of Russian Conspiracy Narratives Abroad
International Studies Quarterly, issue 66, sqac012 (2022), 14 pp.
"As conspiracy theories have become a popular form of political discourse worldwide, states have promoted conspiratorial ideas to advance their foreign policy goals. Yet, despite recent attention to the spread of propaganda abroad, scholars have not addressed whether and how conspiracy theories spre
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Deny, Deceive, Delay: Documenting and Responding to Climate Disinformation at COP26 and Beyond
Institute for Strategic Dialogue (ISD); CASM Technology (2022), 115 pp.
"In February 2022, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) took an unprecedented step, citing mis- and disinformation and the “politicization of science” as key barriers to action. For the first time, a document accepted by all Member Governments stated that rhetoric from “vested
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Disinformation on Refugees from Ukraine: Boosting Europe’s Resilience After Russia’s Invasion
Brussels: European Policy Centre (2022), 35 pp.
"The war in Ukraine is just the latest instance where attention-grabbing events have fuelled the rapid spread of false or misleading news about refugees and migrants. This Issue Paper examines the challenges posed by disinformation about refugees from Ukraine, as well as the responses taken so far t
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Demystifying Disinformation Shadow Economies: Fake News Work Models in Indonesia and the Philippines
Asian Journal of Communication, volume 32, issue 3 (2022), pp. 251-267
"[...] this article contributes ethnographically grounded and comparative research of two democratic Southeast Asian countries dealing with urgent threats to media freedom and democracy: Indonesia and the Philippines. Our research identifies the main disinformation work models in Southeast Asia, mos
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Russische Medien in Deutschland. Die Bundestagswahlen 2021 – Zwischen Einflussnahme und Desinformation
Potsdam: Friedrich Naumann Stiftung (2022), 29 pp.
"Während in Russland immer mehr unabhängige Medien der staatlichen Kontrolle unterworfen und als „ausländische Agenten“ gebrandmarkt werden, nutzen die russischen Staatsmedien die Meinungs- und Pressefreiheit in Deutschland, um ungehindert Desinformation zu verbreiten. Nach acht Jahren Berich
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The Face of Peace: Government Pedagogy Amid Disinformation in Colombia
Chicago; London: University of Chicago Press (2022), xvi, 297 pp.
"Colombia's 2016 peace agreement with the FARC guerrilla sought to end fifty years of war, and won President Juan Manuel Santos the Nobel Peace Prize. Yet Colombian society rejected it in a polarizing referendum, amid an emotive disinformation campaign. A renegotiated deal began to be implemented, a
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Wir informieren uns zu Tode: Ein Befreiungsversuch für verwickelte Gehirne
München: Verlag Herder (2022), 239 pp.
"Unsere globalisierte und digitalisierte Welt mit ihren trüben Zukunftsaussichten verunsichert viele. Entsprechend übermächtig ist das Bedürfnis nach wegweisenden Informationen. Doch das Informationszeitalter für alle hat sich in ein Zeitalter der allgemeinen Verwirrung verwandelt. Der Wettbewe
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