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External Evaluation of Mobile Phone Technology-Based Nutrition and Agriculture Advisory Services in Africa: Mobile Phones, Nutrition, and Health in Tanzania. Business Modelling Endline Report

Nigel Scott, Simon Batchelor, Jones. Tom

E-pact Consortium;Institute of Development Studies (IDS) (2020), 118 pp.

"mNutrition is a global initiative supported by FCDO, managed by GSMA, and implemented by in-country MNOs and third party providers to use mobile technology, that sought to improve the health and nutritional status of children and adults in the developing world. The potential to utilise mobile techn ... more

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Evaluation of UNESCO’s Work in the Thematic Area of Media and Information Literacy (MIL)

Paris: UNESCO (2020), 128 pp.

"Overall, this evaluation has shown that over the last biennia UNESCO has made significant achievements through its work in MIL and is holding the lead in this constantly evolving field that has gained increasing importance at the forefront of global and national agendas. It also revealed that MIL o ... more

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Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists: Annual Report, 2019

Paris: UNESCO (2020), 163 pp.

"This progress report presents the main findings and achievements of a self-evaluation exercise conducted by the responsible UNESCO project officers at Headquarters and in the relevant Field Offices." (Page 3)

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Combatting Digital Disinformation: An Evaluation of the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation's Disinformation Strategy

Amy O’Hara, Jodi Nelson

Hewlett Foundation (2020), 29 pp.

"The Hewlett Foundation’s decision to add a focus on disinformation to its 2017 US Democracy strategy was motivated by a desire to figure out how best to encourage social media platforms to reduce polarization exacerbated by disinformation.1 The foundation invested in two major efforts to support ... this ambition: a multi-funder partnership with Facebook to create data access for independent researchers to study the impact of social media on democracy and elections; and a grant making portfolio conceived to build an academic field to deepen the understanding of disinformation and identify policy solutions that mitigate its spread and impact on society . We found compelling the suggestion that disinformation is better considered a topic than a coherent field, and that multi-disciplinarity brings richness in framing, methods, and applications. Among Hewlett grantees, scholars self-identify as members of different fields that carry with them important epistemological and philosophical differences. We found evidence that there are perceived gaps between researchers, platforms, journalists, policy makers, civil society and others that obstruct the development of policy solutions. The missing competency among many academics to translate research findings for use, and of the need for tighter connections between scholars and decision makers were additional insights we gained about important gaps in the current landscape. During the two-year grantmaking period, the disinformation portfolio invested in varied policy and academic institutions and supported a diverse group of principal investigators. This is in contrast to the perceptions we heard about the foundation’s lack of a diverse grantee portfolio and approach. We learned from key informants and secondary research that there is an inextricable link between disinformation, racial and social equity and justice. A stronger communication strategy about the foundation team’s approach to diversity, equity and inclusion is warranted, as is a deliberate effort to showcase the work of all their grantees and their distinct perspectives. The foundation’s significant role in creating momentum for this body of work was widely noted, as was the need for continued leadership and support." (Executive summary, page 2-3) more

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The Impact of Mobile Cinema Events on Potential Migrants in Guinea: Impact Evaluation Report

Marie-Luce Bia-Zafinikamia, Jasper Tjaden, Horace Gninafon

Geneva: International Organization for Migration (IOM) (2020), 55 pp.

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Heartlines “What’s Your Story?”: Summative Evaluation

Singizi Consulting Africa (2020), 45 pp.

"In the formative evaluation, church data from the retrospective baseline showed that after being exposed to the “What’s Your Story?” methodology by Heartlines, 42% of respondents had engaged in further intentional storytelling with others. In comparison to this, in the summative evaluation, a ... more

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Consolidated Report for Assessment of Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) for the Year 2019

Islamabad: UNICEF (2020), 64 pp.

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Using Drama to Encourage Non-Violent Conflict Resolution in South Sudan

London: BBC Media Action (2020), 2 pp.

"Mixed methods research found that including entertaining and relatable characters and storylines in the Life in Lulu radio drama engaged listeners and helped them to apply lessons from the programme to resolve conflicts peacefully in their own households and communities." (Page 1)

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Meta-Review of Evaluations of Development Assistance to Afghanistan, 2008 – 2018

Christoph Zürcher

Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) (2020), 39 pp.

"Overall, one finding stands out: the international community has repeatedly overestimated its own capacity and the capacity of its Afghan partners to bring about rapid social change. What has worked best are modest, locally embedded projects with immediate, tangible benefits. What has rarely worked ... are complex projects aimed at building capacity and changing behaviour. More specifically, interventions in basic health and education, and in improving basic livelihoods, led to results. Interventions in building capacity for the administration, or in sectors such as the rule of law or gender, rarely worked. In reading these 148 reports, one also realizes that the international aid community is often not good at learning. Monitoring and evaluation systems are weak, and have hardly improved since 2002. Back in the early 2000s, many donors pointed out that, in order to achieve meaningful and sustainable development, more time was necessary. Fifteen years later, few sustainable results have been achieved, but many donors continue to suggest that better results will still require more time. Few donors appear to have changed their fundamental strategic approach, despite the fact that their own evaluations strongly suggest that many aid programs are neither e cient nor e ective in the Afghan context. In all fairness, the Afghan context is an incredibly challenging one, as these 148 reports vividly remind us on almost every page. The situation on the ground was and still is characterized by a lack of basic security; Afghan partners in government and in civil society lack basic capacities; many entrenched political actors have little interest in real reforms. Despite these challenging conditions, there was since the early days of the international engagement in Afghanistan tremendous political pressure on development actors to rush in and to provide quick results. An additional layer of complexity was added by the fact that the international engagement was from the beginning both a civilian and a military intervention, and planners in headquarters as well as practitioners on the ground had to learn how to cope with the task of civil-military cooperation. Under such circumstances, designing e ective aid programs is a herculean task." (Introduction, page 8) more

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Internal Evaluation: Reporters Respond and Legal Defense Fund (2018-2019)

Amsterdam: Free Press Unlimited (2020), 65 pp.

"Generally, beneficiaries of Reporters Respond and the Legal Defense Fund are very satisfied with the support they received. They praise the speed with which they received support, the ease with which they could apply, and the lack of bureaucratic obstacles. Beneficiaries noted that as a result of t ... more

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Media Incubator for the Western Balkans Pilot Project: Evaluation Report

Ivana Kahrmann

Free Press Unlimited (2020), 67 pp.

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Countering Violent Extremism in Nigeria: Using a Text-Message Survey to Assess Radio Programs

James V. Marrone, Todd C. Helmus, Elizabeth Bodine-Baron, Christopher Santucci

RAND Corporation (2020), 32 pp.

"Using a randomized encouragement design, we assigned 2,064 people to listen to either 'Ina Mafita' or to a control program (professional soccer matches) each week over the course of two months. Recruitment and engagement were conducted remotely via short message service (short message system [SMS] ... more

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Transactional Radio Instruction: Improving Educational Outcomes for Children in Conflict Zones

Jacob Udo-Udo Jacob, Margee Ensign

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2020), xxvi, 219 pp.

"This book demonstrates how the authors used radio and mobile technologies to improve educational outcomes for over 20,000 displaced and out-of-school children in northeast Nigeria at the height of the Boko Haram insurgency. Interactive Radio Instruction (IRI) programs typically interact with a func ... more

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Synthesis of Evaluations in South Sudan: Lessons Learned for Engagement in Fragile and Conflict-Affected States

Logan Cochrane

Journal of Humanitarian Affairs, volume 2, issue 1 (2020), pp. 21-34

"South Sudan is one the largest recipients of official development assistance. Given the complexity of the operational environment, there is a need to learn from the lessons gained to-date. This article seeks to enable better-informed decision making based on a synthesis from humanitarian and develo ... more

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Evaluation of the Regional Independent Media Support Programme: Nicaragua, El Salvador and Honduras, 2017–2019

Marko Lehto

Helsinki: Vikes Finnish Foundation for Media and Development (2020), 59 pp.

"Taking into account the actual situation in the region, the support that VIKES provides for independent journalism is more urgent than ever. Journalists in the region are facing unprecedented challenges, from declining revenues, a broken business model and a new form of censorship, threats to journ ... alists’ safety and misinformation campaigns. In these conditions, the work that VIKES has been doing in the region has been relevant and successful. It has promoted the right of civil society to information and the right of media to freedom of expression. Activities that were planned in the programme document on the defense of fundamental rights to exercise free speech and democracy were implemented, and positive results were achieved. All the partner organizations have strengthened the exercise of democracy through digital media and investigative journalism, promoting citizen participation in public policies and improving the open-access and right to information. Networking and cooperation between independent media, journalists and CSOs are more reliable than ever in the region, and a new concept of collaborative journalism was introduced with positive results. VIKES supported media and independent journalists in producing high-quality information and investigative stories, supporting them to attract wider audiences. Training in business development, marketing and effective management was organised by the programme, and the financial sustainability of partners was improved. Even so, the independent media in the region is still dependent on external funding and will be, until the political situation in the region will improve. To be more effective and to improve the effectiveness of the Regional Independent Media Support Programme in the future, VIKES should increase the number of the partners and independent media representatives (also those currently exiled) to receive support from the programme. The main problem of independent public media remains the lack of financing and security. In a meeting with independent journalists in Nicaragua, where the government has threatened to continue to imprison journalists and publicly insults media professionals, they underlined the importance of solidarity networks among international organizations and press associations. According to them, VIKES has done bold work, and its efforts have supported the professionals who remain to practice “survival journalism” and need all the backing to continue to inform the population." (Executive summary, page 7-8) more

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Analysing Participatory Video Through the Capability Approach: A Case Study in Quart De Poblet (Valencia, Spain)

Alejandra Boni, Aurora López-Fogués, Gynna Millán, Sergio Belda-Miquel

Action Research, volume 18, issue 3 (2020), pp. 282-301

"The aim of this paper is to analyse participatory video as a participatory action research method through the lenses of the capability approach. In order to do this, we used a participatory video experience that took place in the municipality of Quart de Poblet (Valencia, Spain) from February to Ma ... more

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Assessment of Studio Kalangou's Impact on Women's Rights and Empowerment in Niger

Emma Heywood

Fondation Hirondelle;University of Sheffield (2019), 45 pp.

"This study was conducted between April 2018 and July 2019 with the aim of assessing the impact of Studio Kalangou’s radio broadcasts on women’s rights and empowerment in Niger. It comprised: A content analysis of approximately 60 hours of radio programmes broadcast in 2018 by Studio Kalangou in ... Niger; A series of 40 focus groups, 20 conducted before, and 20 after, the programmes were broadcast; Two knowledge exchange workshops in Niger with representatives from the media, civil society organisations, NGOs, and donors, held before and after the programmes were broadcast; A third and final knowledge exchange workshop, on completion of the research [...] Radio remains a main source of information in Niger and, based on the data collected during the study, is accessed primarily by mobile phone. Use of social media to access sources of information, including radio, remains limited. Whilst radio remains the main source of information amongst older focus group respondents, younger participants demonstrate little interest in radio, preferring social media. A generational divide exists between older and younger listeners. Older listeners are adamant about what youth should be doing, what they should like and what they should enjoy listening to. This does not chime with what young people want or are interested in. Female empowerment, according to the broadcasts, is a long-term process and affects women as part of a group. In contrast, according to listeners, empowerment must affect their daily lives and be on a personal, more micro level. Women-focused programmes, whilst necessary and beneficial, may serve to isolate information and themes as they depart from the normal expectations of a male-dominated society. Gender equality, which already emerges in Studio Kalangou’s mainstream broadcasts, needs to be encouraged and extended throughout the schedule to impact all listeners. There is evidence of changes in behaviour amongst listeners as a result of Studio Kalangou broadcasts. Improvements in general and specific awareness of subject matter and themes emerge strongly. There are differences in editorial priorities between what Studio Kalangou offers and what the listeners want." (Pages 4-5) more

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We Can Do It: Cambodia Communication Assistance Project. Impact Briefing

ABC International Development (2019), 11 pp.

"The 'We Can Do It' (WCDI) radio program was established to educate, raise awareness and responsiveness to violence again women in Cambodia. Programs were broadcast in 5 provinces: Battambang, Kampong Cham, Siem Reap, Kampot and Kratie. The program ran for three years (2016-2019) under financial and ... more

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Talkback Program: Cambodia Communication Assistance Project. Impact Briefing

ABC International Development (2019), 11 pp.

"Talkback radio programs (TBP) were established to educate the Cambodian public on governance issues and provide a channel through which they could communicate with authorities directly. Programs were broadcast in 4 provinces: Battambang, Kampong Cham, Siem Reap, and Kampot. This impact briefing rev ... more

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Entertainment, Education, and Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence

Abhijit Banerjee, Eliana La Ferrara, Victor Orozco

AEA Papers and Proceedings, issue 109 (2019), pp. 133-137

"Entertainment education (“edutainment”) is a communication strategy that works through mass entertainment media with the aim of promoting a better context for behavior change than the delivery of information alone. We experimentally evaluate season 3 of the edutainment TV series MTV Shuga, prod ... more