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Central Asian Media Consumption and Disinformation: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment in the Context of Geo-Politics

Samuel Doveri Vesterbye, Shairbek Dzhuraev, Andreas Marazis

Internews; European Neighbourhood Council (ENC) (2023), 62 pp.

"This report presents a rapid media consumption assessment in Central Asia. It tells the reader what information - and disinformation - Central Asians consume, as well as the reasons why they consume it. How do recent international and regional geo-political events impact their media choices and wha ... more

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Ethiopian Digital Media Information Ecosystem Assessment

Asrat Seyoum, Mihret Aschalew, Menychle Mesert

Internews (2023), 71 pp.

"[...] While Facebook and YouTube are the most preferred platforms for content consumption, Facebook stands as a less trusted platform among the audience (ranks 4th). Audiences prioritize quality entertainment, current information, reliable reporting, and educational value content, while content cre ... more

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Eine Segmentierung des Kindermarkts: Die KiKA-Landkartenstudie

Saskia Weisser, Elisabeth Kluge, Maritta Rehwagen, Marlene Handel, Denise Haddad

Media Perspektiven, issue 18 (2023), 5 pp.

"Die KiKA-Landkartenstudie untersuchte die Mediennutzung von Drei- bis 13-Jährigen. Hierfür wurden die Kinder selbst sowie deren Erziehungsberechtigte befragt. Das lineare Fernsehen ist für diese Altersgruppe die wichtigste Nutzungsform für Bewegtbild, vor YouTube und Streamingdiensten. Als Lieb ... more

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Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2024

Nic Newman, Richard Fletcher, Craig T. Robertson, Amy Ross Arguedas, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen (eds.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 167 pp.

"In many countries, especially outside Europe and the United States, we find a significant further decline in the use of Facebook for news and a growing reliance on a range of alternatives including private messaging apps and video networks. Facebook news consumption is down 4 percentage points, acr ... oss all countries, in the last year. • News use across online platforms is fragmenting, with six networks now reaching at least 10% of our respondents, compared with just two a decade ago. YouTube is used for news by almost a third (31%) of our global sample each week, WhatsApp by around a fifth (21%), while TikTok (13%) has overtaken Twitter (10%), now rebranded X, for the first time. • Linked to these shifts, video is becoming a more important source of online news, especially with younger groups. Short news videos are accessed by two-thirds (66%) of our sample each week, with longer formats attracting around half (51%). The main locus of news video consumption is online platforms (72%) rather than publisher websites (22%), increasing the challenges around monetisation and connection. • Although the platform mix is shifting, the majority continue to identify platforms including social media, search, or aggregators as their main gateway to online news. Across markets, only around a fifth of respondents (22%) identify news websites or apps as their main source of online news – that’s down 10 percentage points on 2018. Publishers in a few Northern European markets have managed to buck this trend, but younger groups everywhere are showing a weaker connection with news brands than they did in the past. • Turning to the sources that people pay most attention to when it comes to news on various platforms, we find an increasing focus on partisan commentators, influencers, and young news creators, especially on YouTube and TikTok. But in social networks such as Facebook and X, traditional news brands and journalists still tend to play a prominent role. • Concern about what is real and what is fake on the internet when it comes to online news has risen by 3 percentage points in the last year with around six in ten (59%) saying they are concerned. The figure is considerably higher in South Africa (81%) and the United States (72%), both countries that have been holding elections this year. • Worries about how to distinguish between trustworthy and untrustworthy content in online platforms is highest for TikTok and X when compared with other online networks. Both platforms have hosted misinformation or conspiracies around stories such as the war in Gaza, and the Princess of Wales’s health, as well as so-called ‘deep fake’ pictures and videos." (Executive summary, page 10) more

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Is the Arab Audience Willing to Pay for Online News? Predictors of Their Paying Intent

Elsayed Bekhit Darwish

Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research, volume 16, issue 1 (2023), pp. 35-53

"This study examines to what extent Arab audiences are willing to support these strategies, and what factors influence their willingness to pay (WTP) for online news, using a survey of 530 adults. The study found most of the public is not willing to pay for online newspapers, but are willing to pay ... more

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How Audience Research Informed the Development of Niambie Project in Tanzania: A Look at Gender Dynamics and its Decision Making

Jasmine Shio, Catherine Buckell, Kaushiki Ghose

London: BBC Media Action (2023), 7 pp.

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Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2023

Nic Newman, Richard Fletcher, Kirsten Eddy, Craig T. Robertson, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen (eds.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2023), 158 pp.

"Across markets, only around a fifth of respondents (22%) now say they prefer to start their news journeys with a website or app – that’s down 10 percentage points since 2018. Publishers in a few smaller Northern European markets have managed to buck this trend, but younger groups everywhere are ... showing a weaker connection with news brands’ own websites and apps than previous cohorts – preferring to access news via side-door routes such as social media, search, or mobile aggregators. • Facebook remains one of the most-used social networks overall, but its influence on journalism is declining as it shifts its focus away from news. It also faces new challenges from established networks such as YouTube and vibrant youth-focused networks such as TikTok. The Chinese-owned social network reaches 44% of 18–24s across markets and 20% for news. It is growing fastest in parts of Asia-Pacific, Africa, and Latin America. • When it comes to news, audiences say they pay more attention to celebrities, influencers, and social media personalities than journalists in networks like TikTok, Instagram, and Snapchat. This contrasts sharply with Facebook and Twitter, where news media and journalists are still central to the conversation. • Much of the public is sceptical of the algorithms used to select what they see via search engines, social media, and other platforms. Less than a third (30%) say that having stories selected for me on the basis of previous consumption is a good way to get news, 6 percentage points lower than when we last asked the question in 2016. Despite this, on average, users still slightly prefer news selected this way to that chosen by editors or journalists (27%), suggesting that worries about algorithms are part of a wider concern about news and how it is selected. • Despite hopes that the internet could widen democratic debate, we find fewer people are now participating in online news than in the recent past. Aggregated across markets, only around a fifth (22%) are now active participators, with around half (47%) not participating in news at all. In the UK and United States, the proportion of active participators has fallen by more than 10 percentage points since 2016. Across countries we find that this group tends to be male, better educated, and more partisan in their political vie ws. • Trust in the news has fallen, across markets, by a further 2 percentage points in the last year, reversing in many countries the gains made at the height of the Coronavirus pandemic. On average, four in ten of our total sample (40%) say they trust most news most of the time. Finland remains the country with the highest levels of overall trust (69%), while Greece (19%) has the lowest after a year characterised by heated arguments about press freedom and the independence of the media." (Summary, page 10) more

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2023 Edelman Trust Barometer: Global Report

Edelman (2023), 71 slides

"Four Forces That Lead To Polarization: 1. Economic Anxieties: Economic optimism is collapsing around the world, with 24 of 28 countries seeing all-time lows in the number of people who think their families will be better off in five years. 2. Institutional Imbalance: Business is now the sole instit ... more

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Desinformation: Herausforderung für die Demokratie. Einstellungen und Wahrnehmungen in Europa

Kai Unzicker

Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung (2023), 38 pp.

"Europaweit haben 52 Prozent derjenigen, die bereits einen Account gemeldet haben, häufig oder sehr häufig Desinformation wahrgenommen. Von denen, die dies nicht getan haben, sagen das nur 36 Prozent. Hingegen geben die beiden Gruppen in etwa gleichem Umfang (58 beziehungsweise 53 Prozent) an, hä ... more

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KIM-Studie 2022: Kindheit, Internet, Medien. Basisuntersuchung zum Medienumgang 6- bis 13-Jähriger

Sabine Feierabend, Thomas Rathgeb, Hediye Kheredmand, Stephan Glöckler

Stuttgart: Medienpädagogischer Forschungsverbund Südwest (mpfs) (2023), 87 pp.

"Medien sind aus dem Alltag von Heranwachsenden nicht mehr wegzudenken. Kinder sind von zahlreichen Medien umgeben und wachsen in Haushalten mit einem breiten Medienrepertoire auf. Fernsehgeräte, Smartphones, Computer/Laptops und ein Zugang ins Internet sind in nahezu allen Familien vorhanden. Auch ... Radiogeräte, Drucker, DVD- und CDPlayer, Streaming-Dienste, Digitalkameras, Tablets und Spielkonsolen sind weit verbreitet. Im Vergleich zu 2020 sind insbesondere bei Smart-TVs (+15 PP), Streaming-Diensten (+14 PP), Pay-TV-Abonnements (+12 PP) und Tablets (+9 PP) deutliche Anstiege zu sehen. Damit setzt sich der starke Zuwachs, welcher bereits in den letzten Jahren zu beobachten war, weiter fort. Kinder besitzen selbst noch vergleichsweise wenig eigene Geräte. Am häufigsten sind mit 44 Prozent Smartphones im eigenen Besitz der Kinder. Jeweils etwa ein Drittel hat einen CD-Player und ein Fernsehgerät im Kinderzimmer, eine tragbare Spielkonsole ist bei 28 Prozent vorhanden (feste Spielkonsole 19 %). Mit zunehmendem Alter nimmt der Gerätebesitz deutlich zu. Insbesondere der Anteil an Kindern, die ein eigenes Mobiltelefon haben, steigt an (6-7 Jahre: 9 %, 8-9 Jahre: 27 %, 10-11 Jahre: 58 %, 12-13 Jahre: 81 %). In der Freizeit der Kinder nehmen das Treffen mit Freunden, Fernsehen, Hausaufgabe/Lernen und das Spielen den größten Platz bei den häufigsten Aktivitäten ein. Über 85 Prozent gehen diesen Tätigkeiten mindestens wöchentlich nach. Knapp drei Viertel der Kinder unternehmen ein-/bis mehrmals in der Woche etwas mit der Familie. Etwa jeweils zwei Drittel hören regelmäßig Musik, nutzen ein Handy/Smartphone und betätigen sich sportlich. Jeweils drei von fünf Kindern sehen sich mindestens wöchentlich online Bewegtbild an oder spielen digitale Spiele. Jeweils etwa jedes zweite Kind liest in der Freizeit Bücher, hört Radio oder wird beim Malen/Basteln kreativ. Die Beschäftigung mit Tieren folgt mit 45 Prozent. Mit zunehmendem Alter verändert sich die Freizeitgestaltung der Kinder in einigen Bereichen. Ab einem Alter von zehn Jahren spielen Kinder weniger, Unternehmungen mit der Familie werden seltener, ebenso wie das Malen/Basteln, das Anhören von Hörspielen/Hörbüchern sowie die Beschäftigung mit analogen Spielen. Dafür nehmen Hausaufgaben und Lernen mehr Freizeit der Kinder ein. Der stärkste Anstieg im Altersverlauf ist bei der Nutzung von Mobiltelefonen (6-7 Jahre: 28 %, 12-13 Jahre: 96 %) sowie bei der Internetnutzung (6-7 Jahre: 21 %, 12-13 Jahre: 92 %) zu sehen. Auch digitale Spiele, die Nutzung von Computer/Laptops und die online-basierte Bewegtbildnutzung nehmen mit steigendem Alter zu. Das Aufnehmen von eigenen Fotos/Videos wird ebenfalls im Altersverlauf bedeutender. Mädchen betätigen sich häufiger kreativ, lesen Bücher und beschäftigen sich mit Tieren, während Jungen eine stärkere Affinität zu Sport und digitalen Spielen zeigen." (Zusammenfassung, Seite 82-83) more

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Women in Ukraine: How Are They Using Media Since the Full Scale Invasion?

London: BBC Media Action (2023), 12 pp.

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Free to Express? Ugandan citizens’ views and experiences of the media and freedom of expression

Twaweza East Africa (2023), 12 pp.

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Ergebnisse der JIM-Studie 2022: Jugend, Information, Medien

Sabine Feierabend, Stephan Glöckler, Hediye Kheredmand, Thomas Rathgeb

Media Perspektiven, issue 2 (2023), pp. 1-12

"Die Mediennutzung Jugendlicher kehrt teilweise zu dem Vor- Corona-Niveau zurück, das belegen die Ergebnisse der neuesten JIM-Studie „Jugend, Information, Medien“. Die Nutzung von Videoangeboten und digitalen Spielen bleibt dagegen auf dem hohen Niveau der Corona-Zeit. Für Jugendliche sind hie ... more

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Real or fake? Teenagers managing life on screens. The cybersurvey 2023

Adrienne Katz, Aiman El Asam

Youthworks (2023), 43 pp.

"Teens remain enthusiastic about life online: 87% go digital to manage or calm emotions. They relax, chat with friends, listen to music, or find out what they want to know. Most importantly for them, they connect with friends. They also use it to fend off boredom (which ‘can let in anxiety’). Ov ... er 2/3 say, it is ‘my main entertainment’. Around half go online to ‘escape my issues’. 47% feel more accepted when online, while three quarters feel more confident when on a screen. Digital access: 85% have their own phone with wi-fi access. 68% of 11yr olds, 89% of 13 olds and 97% of 15 year olds have their own phone with wi-fi access. The impacts of life on screens: While this is hotly debated amongst adults, here teenagers talk about how time on screens makes them feel. Responses are grouped into four parts: A) Benefits include: ‘feeling closer to my friends through social media 81%, or via gaming, 69%. Three quarters or 75% feel more confident when on a screen. They value creativity, the privacy and autonomy of finding out whatever they want, and the ability to ‘escape my issues’ or access entertainment and relaxation. B) ‘Electronic mood management’ explores how large numbers of teens use technology to manage their emotions. Contrary to popular myths, 80% hardly ever/never feel anxious after spending time on social media. 6% often feel anxious. C) 'Body mage and perception of others’ play a large role in online life: Almost 1 in 4 always or often believe that ‘Other people have a better life than me,’ Almost 1 in 5 say ‘Because of what I see online I’ve often tried to change my body shape’. D) Acceptance: Some feel it is easier to be accepted online or to ‘find people like me’. This is particularly true for young people who are unsure where they fit in, or those with a disability. Accessibility tools are widely used. Identifying who is most at risk: The survey also explores those who are more likely to describe negative impacts such as teens with an eating disorder, or a mental health difficulty; those who worry about life at home, and those with vision or hearing loss, speech difficulties, young carers, children in care and those with other challenges. The findings in this survey remain consistent with our published research. This minority are less safe online then their peers, they are more likely to become anxious or depressed after time online (or offline) and need help to manage their online lives. Alongside experiencing problems and harms online, they tend to be living with offline difficulties, and emotional health concerns. Some report multiple vulnerabilities. For those living with challenges, and dealing with powerful emotions, or without the means to go out for entertainment, the internet plays a different role. It can represent both a refuge and a risk. Being deprived of it can cause deep distress. Belonging and trust, or feeling left out: Boys are more likely to feel a sense of belonging and trust at school, whereas only 1/3 of girls say ‘school is a place where I feel I belong’ and ‘there is an adult I trust at school’. Teens need to feel they can turn to parents or trusted adults if they need to, and that they belong to and are valued in a community and also among friends. Compared to teens who never feel left out, those who do, described more anxiety, were less able to recover when things went wrong online, and were more likely to add unknown people as friends." (Executive summary, pages 4-6) more

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Kenya Media Landscape Report

Communications Authority of Kenya (2023), 18 pp.

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Consumer Survey on Consumer Behaviour and Preferences Related to the Consumption of Audiovisual Entertainment Content. Final Report

Luxembourg; Leuven: European Union; Ipsos Belgium (2023), 73 pp.

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WorldCat (169)

Social Media Utilization, Perceptions and Experience Among Vowed Religious Men and Women in the Catholic Archdiocese of Nairobi, Kenya

Lydia M. Okang’a

Nairobi: Daystar University, Master Thesis (2023), xii, 112 pp.

"The main objectives of the study were: to assess the perceptions of vowed religious people towards social media; to explore the uses to which vowed religious people put social media; to find out the experiences of vowed religious people regarding their social media utilization. The study employed m ... more

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Freedom of Expression and Media Consumption Research in Armenia

Yerevan: Internews; USAID; Prisma Research and Analysis (2023), 71 pp.

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Digital Access and Barriers in Displacement-Affected Communities in White Nile, Sudan: Results of a Connectivity Needs and Usage Assessment (CoNUA) by the Norwegian Refugee Council, the GSMA and REACH Initiative

Penelope Caswell, Matthew Drowner

London: GSMA (2022), 38 pp.

"This report shares findings on the access and use of mobile technology among South Sudanese refugees and the communities that host them in three areas of White Nile, Sudan. White Nile is a state in southern Sudan sharing a border and refugee crossing points with South Sudan. It is home to nearly 70 ... more

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Media Literacy and Disinformation Perception Survey

Tamar Kintsurashvili

Tbilisi: Media Development Foundation (MDF) (2022), 37 pp.

"The aim of this research was to study media consumption habits among different age groups and geographical areas, as well as the public's vulnerability to various disinformation and manipulative narratives disseminated in Georgia. The first part of the research concerns media literacy competencies, ... more