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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Bangladesh: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.

"UNESCO has been a part of the community media development process in Bangladesh since the early days. While the support from UNESCO consisted initially in providing radio equipment to community radio stations, the MDP funded activities in the 2018-2021 period shifted the focus to the reinforcement ... more

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Defeating COVID-19 Poverty Through Community Radios: Lessons Learnt and Good Practices

Kathmandu: AMARC Asia-Pacific Regional Office (2022), 21 pp.

"The project Promotion of Resilient Communities: Addressing COVID-19-related Poverty by Community Radios in South and Southeast Asia was implemented by the World Association of Radio Broadcasters (AMARC) Asia-Pacific regional office to support community radios in four countries - Bangladesh, India, ... more

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Let Free Media Thrive: Selected Stories of 4 Years of Impact of the Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (2018-2021)

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 18 pp.

"The stories presented here are some examples of how the Multi-Donor Programme for Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) works to provide countries and their populations with the necessary tools to nurture a free and independent media. This includes promoting the adoption of policies ... more

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Community Broadcasting Foundation Annual Report 2021

Parkville (AU): Community Broadcasting Foundation (2021), 51 pp.

"We are proud champions of community media – Australia’s largest independent media sector. Our funding helps connect people living in major cities, regional towns and remote communities across the country. It ensures the millions of people who tune in to their local community-owned and operated ... more

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Let Free Media Thrive: Stories of Impact of the Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists

Paris: UNESCO (2021), 18 pp.

"The collection of stories presented here aims to highlight the impact of the MDP's (Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists) MDP’s actions over the course of this challenging year. Through testimonies from beneficiaries and partners who aspire to improve freedom o ... more

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Community Radio for Peacebuilding in the Colombian Post-Conflict: Transformations, Tensions and Challenges for Content Production and Local Participation

Jair Vega Casanova, Camilo Pérez Quintero, César Augusto Tapias Hernández

Social Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture, volume 27, issue 4 (2021), pp. 461-478

"The text presents the results of the external evaluation of the project: ‘Community Radio for Peace and Coexistence’ (CRPC), implemented between 2015 and 2017 by the community media network RESANDER, with the support of the Colombian Government and the European Union. Considering that community ... more

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Media Viability in the CORAPE Network

Patricio Cerón Llive, Jorge Guachamín

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie;Coordinadora de Radios Populares y Educativas del Ecuador (CORAPE) (2020), 33 pp.

"The Coordinadora de Medios Comunitarios, Populares y Educativos de Ecuador (CORAPE) is the biggest network of community media in Ecuador, and since 2016 has been the main partner of DW Akademie in that South American country. Between 2016 and 2019 the two organizations implemented a project finance ... more

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Sostenibilidad de medios comunitarios en la Red CORAPE

Patricio Cerón Llive, Jorge Guachamín

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie;Coordinadora de Radios Populares y Educativas del Ecuador (CORAPE) (2020), 33 pp.

"La Coordinadora de Medios Comunitarios, Populares y Educativos de Ecuador (CORAPE) es la red de medios comunitarios más grande de Ecuador y desde 2016 ha sido socio principal de DW Akademie en el país sudamericano. Entre 2016 y 2019 ambas organizaciones ejecutaron un proyecto financiado por el Mi ... nisterio de Cooperación Económica y Desarrollo alemán (BMZ) cuyo objetivo era el de fortalecer los medios comunitarios de Ecuador en su labor de brindar acceso a información a poblaciones vulnerables, especialmente en lenguas indígenas. Una línea central de este proyecto fue la sostenibilidad financiera de medios comunitarios, que históricamente ha sido uno de los grandes problemas que ha enfrentado este sector. La viabilidad económica de los medios comunitarios se vio agravada durante el proyecto debido a cambios económicos y políticos en el país: la caída del precio del petróleo y la reestructuración del estado por la crisis fiscal, llevaron a una drástica reducción de los ingresos por publicidad en los medios comunitarios. El proyecto se construyó de manera participativa con miembros de la red de CORAPE. Para ello se definieron cuatro enfoques de sostenibilidad financiera (publicidad; proyectos productivos y emprendimientos; alianzas y articulaciones; producción de programas) y se acordaron una serie de herramientas metodológicas. Una selección de ocho medios comunitarios, diversos en su carácter, constitución y en sus fuentes de financiamiento, participaron en un proceso de autoanálisis, asesorías externas e intercambios entre pares con el objetivo de buscar soluciones de sostenibilidad. De esta manera se lograron definir una serie de procesos y crear herramientas especializadas que pueden ser aplicadas en otros medios de la red, así como otros medios comunitarios en el mundo. Esta publicación se divide en tres capítulos. El primero de ellos presenta los antecedentes, justificación de este proyecto, y la metodología aplicada. El segundo capítulo muestra los aprendizajes y buenas prácticas de cuatro de los medios comunitarios que participaron de este proceso. Finalmente, el último de los capítulos recomienda ocho pasos y herramientas a seguir, que son el aprendizaje de este proyecto, para que los medios comunitarios puedan alcanzar la sostenibilidad." (Página 7) more

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Local Radio Stations in Africa: Sustainability or Pragmatic Viability?
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Mary Myers, Nicola Harford

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020), 28 pp.

"Radio stations across Africa are facing unprecedented threats to their sustainability due to weak media markets, limited advertising revenue and intense competition. A more pragmatic understanding of viability and more flexible donor strategies can help these outlets stay on air and maintain their ... more

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Radio & Audio Grantmaking: Reaching New Audiences Through Old Platforms

Sarah Armour-Jones

Philadelphia, PA: Media Impact Funders (2019), 17 pp.

"Both radio and audio funding levels are growing, reflecting both overall funding trends in media and particular interest in using old and new sound-based formats in creative and compelling ways. Both formats are driving innovation across programming, with radio often serving as a curator of news an ... more

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Evaluation report executive summary Ecuador. Strengthening the community media sector: Alternative business models and digital innovation in Ecuador

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2019), 4 pp.

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Carefully Chosen Words

Geraldine Fobang, Rosaline Akah Obah, Alexander Vojvoda

D+C: Development and Cooperation, issue 11 (2019), 2 pp.

"Cameroon is battled by several conflicts, so sensitive reporting is important to avoid escalation and foster peace. The Presbyterian Church has set up a network of community media outlets with this end, supported by Germany’s Civil Peace Service. Present results are promising." (Introduction)

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Local Radio in Afghanistan: A Sustainability Assessment

Nathalie Paarlberg, Kamran Parwana, Eric Davin et al.

Altai Consulting;Internews (2017), 136 pp.

"This study assesses the role and impact of this local radio station network as well as its sustainability prospects, focusing on four pillars of sustainability in particular: Financial sustainability: at a minimum, radio stations need to be able to support their activities, and ideally enjoy some s ... more

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Monitoring and Evaluation Report on Community Media

Ashish Sen

New Delhi: Commonwealth Educational Media Centre for Asia (CEMCA) (2015), 120 pp.

"Community media is an integral component of CEMCA’s TYP 2012-15 and mission, “to assist governments and institutions to expand the scale, efficiency and quality of learning … in open, distance and technology enabled learning.” In September 2013, CEMCA contracted Ashish Sen to evaluate its C ... more

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Du pluralisme au Darwinisme: Réflexions sur vingt années d'appui aux radios africaines

Johan Deflander

In: Médias d'Afrique: Vingt-cinq années de pluralisme de l'information (1990-2015)

Marie-Soleil Frère (ed.)

Paris: Karthala (2015), pp. 41-59

"Johan Deflander revient sur 25 années d'évolution du secteur radiophonique. Il montre comment les multiples nouveaux opérateurs, nombre d'entre eux se présentant comme la voix des sans voix, ont libéré la parole, mais rencontrent aujourd'hui des problèmes de pérennisation, en raison de leur ... more

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Strengthening Access to Information Via Community Radio in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Peru: Evaluation Report

Luisa María Aguilar, Jaime Galarza

United Nations Democracy Fund (UNDEF);Transtec (2014), 32 pp.

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Pacific Islands Rentier Behaviour and Community Radio: Revisiting MIRAB

Linda Austin

Paper presented at the 10th OURMedia Conference: Diverse Communities, Diverse Media (2014), 22 pp.

"For nearly 30 years, the widely accepted economic-rationalist model used to explain Pacific island development has been variations of Bertram and Watters’ (1985) MIRAB model, or that of development based on the extraction of “rents” from Migration, Remittances, Aid and Bureaucracy. This paper ... revisits the MIRAB model through a culture-centred approach to investigate the phenomenon of community radio, specifically why there appears to be so little of it in the South Pacific islands and what can be learned from comparing the few successful community radio stations with those that have failed. One key difference relates to indigenous notions of rent extraction and wealth redistribution. Hau’ofa (2005) contends that all Pacific island cultures are defined in fundamental ways by the adaptive interactions between people and the sea. This “oceanic” orientation – one that is expansive, cyclical, open and fluid – stands in opposition to the bounded, stationary and seemingly changeless nature of land, which lies at the heart of Western development theories. This outward orientation predisposes islanders to anticipate the introduction of new technologies and ideas from exogenous sources, which are then interrogated, appropriated and transformed into “something meaningful” to island societies. In this way, Pacific communities have long sought rent-seeking relationships with the outside world to sustain their village lives and have redistributed this wealth through social networks. As will be demonstrated through case studies involving donor-initiated, women’s advocacy, and faith-based community radio stations, this rent-seeking orientation is pervasive throughout all levels of Pacific society, from civil society organizations (CSOs) that work with international donors to establish community radio stations, to the communities purported to benefit from the stations, to volunteers who work within them. How well the rent-extracted wealth is redistributed within culturally appropriate social networks is often the key to a radio station’s future sustainability. Such pathways to sustainable development within alternative islander-defined development models, however, are often opaque to international development actors working within Western-defined development theories, resulting in the widespread failure of many community media development projects." (Abstract) more

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Deconstructing the Community Radio Model: Applying Practice to Theory in East Africa

David Conrad

Journalism, volume 15, issue 6 (2013), pp. 773-789

"Community radio is often theorized as being (1) independent from political and economic influence and (2) a platform for the meaningful engagement of marginalized populations traditionally excluded by its private and commercial cousins. Contrasting this theoretical model against the reality of prac ... more

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Evaluation of Media Cooperation Under the Danish Arab Partnership Programme (2005-12)

Rikke Ingrid Jensen, Alain Modot, Joachim Raffelberg, A. Sofie Jannusch, May Mahmoud Shalabieh

Copenhagen: DANIDA;Transtec (2013), 132 pp.

"According to the Danida website "The Danish Arab Partnership Programme (DAPP) is a long-term programme with the dual objectives of 1) supporting local reform processes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA region) and 2) Establishing a basis for improved dialogue, understanding and cooperation ... more

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Empowering Independent Media: U.S. Efforts to Foster a Free Press and an Open Internet Around the World
Top Insights

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA), 2nd ed. (2012), 149 pp.

"This report examines seven central areas of media development—funding, digital media, sustainability, media law, journalists' safety, journalism education, and monitoring and evaluation. It also delves in-depth into four areas deserving of greater attention: citizen journalism, investigative jour ... more

Local Radio Stations in Africa: Sustainability or Pragmatic Viability? Top Insights

Empowering Independent Media: U.S. Efforts to Foster a Free Press and an Open Internet Around the World Top Insights

Local Radio Stations in Africa: Sustainability or Pragmatic Viability?
Top Insights

Empowering Independent Media: U.S. Efforts to Foster a Free Press and an Open Internet Around the World
Top Insights