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From Resilience to Recovery: Securing the Future of Ukrainian Media

Pauline Maufrais

Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2024), 34 pp.

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The Romanian Media System: Dynamics, Challenges, and Implications for Democracy

Madalina Botan

Media and Communication, volume 12, issue 7847 (2024), 17 pp.

"This article endeavors to delve into the recent transformation of the Romanian media landscape, aiming to offer a nuanced comprehension of the cultural and political dynamics that have influenced journalistic practices. The Romanian media environment has undergone swift changes, transitioning from ... more

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Media in Africa: Issues and Critiques

Toks Oyedemi, René A. Smith (eds.)

New York; London: Routledge (2024), 232 pp.

"Featuring contributions from global scholars, that represent both new and established voices on the African continent and the diaspora, this volume explores themes of decolonization, media freedom, media censorship, identity, representation, pluralism, media framing, political economy of the media ... more

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News deserts in Ukraine: Mapping localities without local news

Media Development Foundation (MDF) (2024)

"First of all, following a reform in 2020 that reorganised Ukraine’s districts, merging many of them to form larger ones, the situation on the map is not critical. There are indeed "unhealthy districts", but the overall situation is better than it could be. With the exception of the temporarily oc ... more

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Vibrant Information Barometer: National Report Nepal

Pokharel Umesh, Pandey Lekhanath, Acharya Bhanu Bhakta

IREX; Asia Foundation; USAID (2024), 97 pp.

"The USAID Civil Society and Media (CSM) Program launched the Vibrant Information Barometer (VIBE) study report, which rates Nepal’s information ecosystem as somewhat vibrant. Nepal scored 23 out of 40, which is an average from the score it received under four principles: information quality, chan ... nels, consumption and engagement, and transformative action. According to the report, Lumbini Province scored 24, indicating a slightly more dynamic information landscape than the national average, while Madhesh Province obtained 22, showing a moderately vibrant information environment. [...] The diverse and inclusive expert panel evaluated the vibrancy of Nepal’s media ecosystem based on 20 indicators with 167 sub-indicators. The study engaged over 30 expert panelists from the national level and two provinces, encompassing editors, media managers, civil society members, reporters, educators, and activists. The panelists were asked to assign scores to specific indicators within designated ranges: zero to 10 for indicators categorized as ‘Non-Vibrant’, 11 to 20 for ‘Slightly Vibrant’, 21 to 30 for ‘Somewhat Vibrant’, and 31 to 40 for ‘Highly Vibrant. The VIBE study was conducted by IREX as a part of USAID CSM Program implemented by The Asia Foundation in Nepal in partnership with Pact. The report highlights several key insights about Nepal's media landscape. Urban content producers benefit from advanced resources like studios and AI technology, while their rural counterparts struggle with limited access to essential tools like printing presses, according to Umesh Pokharel, VIBE Lead researcher and author. Similarly, media coverage in Nepal heavily focuses on politics, often at the expense of critical issues such as climate change, development, and marginalized communities, though investigative journalism remains crucial in holding officials accountable. The dominance of the Nepali language in media limits accessibility for diverse communities, but regional outlets in languages like Maithili and Bhojpuri are working to enhance inclusivity. Leadership within Nepal's media is predominantly from the Brahmin and Chhetri communities, resulting in underrepresentation of marginalized groups, although non-professional content producers contribute diverse perspectives. The report further highlights that financial challenges plague the media sector, affecting print, radio, TV, and online outlets, and leading to closures and job losses. Despite these issues, online platforms like YouTube and Facebook complement traditional media by providing diverse voices, although they face challenges related to content moderation and misinformation." (https://myrepublica.nagariknetwork.com/news/nepal-s-performance-in-information-ecosystem-satisfactory-report) more

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South African Media and Politics: Is the Three Models Approach Still Valid After Two Decades?

Bernardine Jones, Adrian Hadland

Media and Communication, volume 12, issue 7723 (2024), 12 pp.

"When Hallin and Mancini (2004) produced their watershed three models theory, South Africa was a new democracy barely a decade old. Even then, along with other countries of the Global South, the experience of a young democracy posed certain critical challenges to Hallin and Mancini's understanding o ... more

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An unbroken spirit: Afghanistan exiled media since the Taliban takeover
Deep Insights

Berlin: JX Fund (2024), 44 pp.

"A large portion of independent media has relocated to United States of America, Canada, and European countries such as Germany, France, UK, Ireland after the Taliban took over. The teams of many of these outlets operate in a hybrid model with editorial leadership in exile and staff members and free ... lancers in Afghanistan. Just over half of Afghan exiled media (57%) were founded in Afghanistan before the Taliban took over, but others (42%) were established in exile after August 15, 2021. Exiled media publish their content in multiple languages, including both the official languages of Afghanistan: Pashto and Dari (Farsi). Out of 47 media surveyed, 35 also publish their content in English. Afghan women journalists have founded several media outlets spanning various platforms, including online publications, radio and television channels, social media platforms, and podcasts. Through these outlets, they amplify the voices of Afghan women and shed light on the challenges they face under Taliban rule. In exile, ethnic, religious, linguistic, and political affiliations continue to influence the content and ownership of some media outlets, with direct consequences on their credibility. Afghan exiled media mostly aim for nation-wide coverage (90%). Only 10% of exiled media focus on regional coverage. Media consumption in Afghanistan has shifted towards exiled media. In addition, since the Taliban takeover, audiences increasingly relied on the internet, particularly social media platforms, to access information and entertainment programs. The study reveals that Facebook, X, and YouTube are the most popular social media platforms for exiled media outlets – both for audiences to consume content and interact with publishers. Television still stands as the predominant broadcasting platform in Afghanistan, with urban areas exhibiting a higher prevalence of household TV ownership compared to rural regions. Television coverage extends to nearly 40 percent of Afghanistan’s population. At least 12 Afghan TV exiled projects are accessible via satellite, web, social media, apps and streaming platforms. Fact-checking information coming from on-the-ground sources is becoming harder. The Taliban severely restricted information flows. Most Afghan exiled media rely on citizen journalism and anonymous sources. Lack of financial sustainability is a major concern. Afghan exiled media have lost their previous funding opportunities and need to cover budget gaps from international organizations or other philanthropic sources." (Executive summary, page 3) more

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Media environment of Georgia

Mamuka Andguladze

Tbilisi: Human Rights Center (2024), 38 pp.

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Africa’s shifting media landscapes: Digital media use grows, but so do demographic divides

Jeffrey Conroy-Krutz, Kelechi Amakoh, Komi Amewunou

Afrobarometer (2024), 19 pp.

"Afrobarometer data support the notion that the use of digital media is exploding across the continent, although rates of uptake may have slowed in recent years. However, these new media environments also pose challenges. Reduced barriers to access and the decline of gatekeepers can also mean that f ... more

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Media Systems in Balkan Countries: Context and Dynamics of Changes
Deep Insights

Boguslawa Dobek-Ostrowska, Jelena Kleut

Lausanne et al.: Peter Lang (2023), 290 pp.

"We selected ten post-communist countries for this research. Eight of them are located on the Balkan Peninsula, from a geographical point of view. We added Romania and Slovenia for historical reasons. The main aim of research is to provide a model of the media system in each of them. We are interest ... more

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Mirada comunicacional: El desafío de constituir un espacio público plural en Venezuela

Andrés Cañizález

In: Nueva mirada sobre Venezuela: Reflexiones para construir una visión compartida

Katharina Wegner, Manuel Zapata (coord.)

Caracas: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello (UCAB); Fundación Centro Gumilla (2023), pp. 179-202

"Desde Venezuela, en pleno siglo XXI, es válida la discusión sobre la necesidad de formular políticas públicas democráticas para las comunicaciones. Partiendo de que cuando se habla de políticas públicas se concibe la posibilidad de prácticas incluyentes, en las que se abra el horizonte de r ... more

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Assessment of Media Development in Ghana: Based on UNESCO's Media Development Indicators

Audrey Sitsofe Gadzekpo, Ibrahim Gariba, Baba Abdulai, Rayborn Bulley

Paris: UNESCO (2023), 124 pp.

"Ghana has made tremendous progress regarding freedom of expression and access to information since the inception of the Fourth Republic. Looking back to a firmly rooted history of democratic practice, the country has a vibrant and free media environment regulated by an independent body and supporte ... more

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State of Uganda's Media Landscape 2023

Gerlad Walulya, Ivan Lukanda, Sulaiman Kakaire, George Lugalambi, Brian Ssenabulya, Rachel Mugarura-Mutana

Kampala: African Centre for Media Excellence (ACME) (2023), v, 68 pp.

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Lebanon's Information Environment: Exploring Appropriate Responses

Mirna Ghanem

Metn: Samir Kassir Foundation; National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2023), 32 pp.

"The purpose of this study is twofold: to understand how the Lebanese public consumes news published on traditional and alternative media, with a focus on how they perceive and deal with disinformation campaigns and fake news, and to build a comprehensive view of the organizations and initiatives th ... more

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Toward an African Media Typology: Preliminary Reflections

Levi Obonyo

Howard Journal of Communication, volume 35, issue 3 (2023), pp. 326–340

"Africans’ voices and contributions to communication scholarship are of interest to many Africanists. Some discourses have explored reasons for this interest. This article continues this conversation. It recognizes the challenges contributing to the limited influence of the African voice in global ... more

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Media Mapping and Dealing with the Past

Getoarbë Mulliqi-Bojaj, Abit Hoxha, Milan Spirovski

forum ZFD Kosovo & North Macedonia (2023), 23 pp.

"Despite their differences, both Kosovo and North Macedonia have shared challenges with regards to reporting about the past. Problems with violence and trust building in the communities is a field of reporting that does not often go beyond borders of ethnicity and political landscape. Reaching acros ... s the ethnic lines and political division, puts journalists in a dichotomous role between reporting on own community and revealing the truth which jeopardizes the true nature of journalism and the use of objective methodology in choosing sources. This media landscape report for Kosovo and North Macedonia also includes an overview of the self-perception of role of journalists in the society as it pertains to dealing with the past. Journalists stand in the center of journalistic concepts of professional ideology of independence, neutral reporting, and eye-witness accounting in one hand and their duty to accompany nation building processes, deal with crimes, scrutinize former officials of prior political structure and keep current political leaders accountable. This puts journalists in a particular position of being public defenders of the state, nation, and society building but also of development in post-conflict which is part of a wider political agenda. Hence, media actors are almost exclusively part of the political landscape. They argue that media and politics go hand in hand, both in Kosovo and North Macedonia. This, in itself, is challenging. Such interdependence of politics and media make is difficult for media to keep political actors accountable and jeopardizes the role of media in society. The media landscape in Kosovo and North Macedonia incorporates both expert views and empirical research findings that can help structural interventions to continue enhancing the professionalism of journalists with regards to making ethical choices in reporting on dealing with the past. It also guides them to care more about sensitive cases where privacy, the rights of families and victims, and their dignity take the spotlight while leaving sensationalist and celebritization of news reporting for other news beats. Arguing for a bottom-up and conflict-sensitive reporting in dealing with the past, Kosovo and North Macedonian journalists will build themselves pathways of dealing with the past through content that cares about the about truth and dignity while respecting human rights and the rights of victims of conflicts. This enables peace and reconciliation among communities serving the general interests of the people first." (About the project, page 7) more

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Colombia: Financiación del periodismo

Gabriel Ernesto Levy Bravo, María Cecilia Hernández Ocampo, María Paula Ángel Benavides

London: Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC); Observacom; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC) (2023), 31 pp.

"Sin lugar a dudas, el ecosistema mediático colombiano se ha transformado durantelos últimos años. Por un lado, los medios tradicionales (prensa, radio y televisión), aunque aún relevantes, no tienen la misma preponderancia de antes. Por otro lado, los nuevos medios y plataformas no solo se han ... more

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Análisis del ecosistema de información del sur de Perú

Lima; Washington, DC: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos (IEP); Internews (2023), 52 pp.

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Mapping the Media and Communication Landscape of Central Asia: An Anthology of Emerging and Contemporary Issues

Elira Turdubaeva, Evangelia Papoutsaki (eds.)

Lexington Books (2023), xiii, 365 pp.

"Central Asian post-independence media and communication industries, professional practices, education, persisting and evolving values, and traditions remain critically understudied with a notable scarcity of research and scholarly publications on the complex and increasingly changing communicative ... more

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The Media Systems in Europe: Continuities and Discontinuities

Stylianos Papathanassopoulos, Andrea Miconi (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2023), vii, 194 pp.

"This open access book traces the evolution of the European media landscape in the last 30 years, from 1990 to 2020. It is based on the theoretical classical hypotheses of regional media systems provided by Hallin and Mancini and at the same time puts them to test. The book further defines the propo ... more

An unbroken spirit: Afghanistan exiled media since the Taliban takeover Deep Insights

Media Systems in Balkan Countries: Context and Dynamics of Changes Deep Insights

An unbroken spirit: Afghanistan exiled media since the Taliban takeover
Deep Insights

Media Systems in Balkan Countries: Context and Dynamics of Changes
Deep Insights