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South Africa’s Media 20 Years After Apartheid

Libby Lloyd

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2013), 54 pp.

"South Africa’s news media has become, in the post-1994 democratic era, among the most concentrated in the world, affecting the quality of its content and the sales of its newspapers. A significant decrease in international development support, and post-1994 changes to the nature of that support, ... more

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Balkan Media Barometer: Albania

Remzi Lani (ed.)

Tirana: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2013), 64 pp.

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Marshall Islands: State of Media & Communication Report

Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS); Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC); Australian Aid (AusAID) (2013), 12 pp.

"Policy and Legislation: The Ministry of Transportation and Communication is responsible for registering broadcasting stations. Freedom of speech and the press are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights. There is no media self-regulating body, and no media association. There is no FOI legislation. Telecom ... more

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The Media Landscape in 54 Countries: Country Profiles from the 2011 and 2012 UIS Pilot Surveys

Paris: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2013), 155 pp.

"The current UIS Questionnaire on Media Statistics provides information for three UNESCO frameworks, namely the Media and Information Literacy Framework, the Media Development Indicators Framework and the Framework for Cultural Statistics. The questionnaire collects data for reporting global progres ... more

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Kiribati: State of Media & Communication Report

Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS); Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC); Australian Aid (AusAID) (2013), 12 pp.

"Policy and Legislation: The Ministry of Communication, Transport and Tourism Development (MCTTD) is responsible for regulation of media and telecommunications. Within the MCTTD the Broadcasting and Publications Authority (BPA ) is responsible for public service media. The Kiribati government has us ... more

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Solomon Islands: State of Media & Communication Report

Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS); Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC); Australian Aid (AusAID) (2013), 16 pp.

"Policy and Legislation: Media legislation includes the Broadcasting Act 1976, the Television (Amendment) Act 1996, the Telecommunications Act 2009 and the draft Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation Bill 2003. Freedom of speech, and freedom of the press are guaranteed through the Solomon Islands ... more

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Google Scholar (168)

WorldCat (159)

Towards a Diagnostic Approach to Media in Fragile States: Examples from the Somali Territories

Nicole Stremlau

Media, War & Conflict, volume 6, issue 3 (2013), pp. 279-293

"Media interventions by international organizations and NGOs in conflict and post-conflict situations seek to develop and shape a media system to contribute to specific political and social ends. The analyses and assessments that inform these interventions are often based on an overview of the forma ... more

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Media Sustainability Index 2013: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2013), xx, 317 pp.

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Samoa: State of Media & Communication Report

Pacific Media Assistance Scheme (PACMAS); Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC); Australian Aid (AusAID) (2013), 12 pp.

"Policy and Legislation: Media and Communication Legislation in Samoa includes the Broadcasting Act 2010, Film Control Amendment Act 2010, Newspapers and Printers Act 1992-1993, Telecommunication Act 2005, Telecommunication Amendment Act 2007, Telecommunication Amendment Act 2008 and the Samoa Broad ... casting Corporation Act 2003. Section 13 of Samoa’s constitution guarantees freedom of expression, though there is no specific reference to freedom of the media. No freedom of information legislation in Samoa. The Broadcasting Act 2010 allowed for the establishment of a regulator within an Office of the Broadcasting Regulator. The Code of Ethics was developed by JAWS (Journalists Association of Western Samoa). The Telecommunication Act 2005 (with the 2007 and 2008 amendments) allowed for telecommunications regulatory responsibilities to be managed within the Office of the Broadcasting Regulator. Samoa has also developed policies in the area of ICTs and e-Government. Media Systems: There are no specific associations for technicians and no support networks; JAWS is not viewed as a successful network for technicians. Telecommunications technicians access knowledge within their companies. The primary media outlet in a disaster is the government AM radio broadcaster, 2AP (within the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology). There is also a National Emergency Telecommunications Plan that involves landline and mobile providers (Digicel and BlueSky Samoa). The Disaster Monitoring Office uses media strategically in the lead up to drills and awareness days, and has published locally produced videos online relating to disaster preparedness and awareness. Capacity Building: JAWS and PINA provide support to media professionals in SAMOA. PasiMA was also established with several representatives from Samoan media. Reliance on in-house training is not as easy for all local media outlets and the need to train junior staff is a drain on the time of senior staff. The Media and Journalism Department at the National University of Samoa (which merged with Samoa Polytechnic in 2006) offers a one-year certificate in journalism; an additional diploma year was added in response to industry dissatisfaction with the quality of graduates. The course curriculum is based on the Pacific Media Communication Facilities (PMCF) course design developed by PINA and is being implemented across the other TVETS in the Pacific (Fiji, PNG, Vanuatu and Tonga). A major challenge of the programs is that enrolling at the polytechnic is one of the only options for further education open to students who have not achieved high academic scores in the PSSV (Pacific Secondary School Certificate). Content: Samoa has made progress in relation to climate change awareness, and concern among the government, the media and the general public is reported to be medium or high. Little access to workshops and training for media professionals is reported on NCDs or climate change. Training is welcome, particularly for assistance with interpreting scientific reports written in English. Barriers to media coverage of NCD-related issues are reported to include confused messages due to the fragmentation of the health sector; a lack of awareness of who is responsible for health communication; lack of targeting of messages; and conflicting messages. Youth have been important to disaster awareness activities; the school curriculum includes climate change and disaster management with resource kits available for teachers from early childhood level through to secondary school." (Summary of findings) more

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Google Scholar (147)

WorldCat (158)

Rebels with a Pen: Observations on the Newly Emerging Media Landscape in Libya

Anja Wollenberg, Jason Pack

Journal of North African Studies, volume 18, issue 2 (2013), pp. 191-210

"This article explores the emergence of a new landscape of local print and broadcast media in revolutionary Libya that is both the result of the dramatic changes that the country has undergone and one of their facilitators. This article analyses the political impact of these new forms of media durin ... more

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Mapping Digital Media: Estonia

Urmas Loit, Andra Siibak

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2013), 84 pp.

"Estonians have demonstrated a keen appetite for digital media uptake. More than three-quarters of the population accesses the internet regularly, and more than half of those are active on social networking platforms. Recent surveys suggest that nearly a quarter of internet users now connect via sma ... more

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Barometre des Médias Africains: Senegal 2013 = African Media Barometer: Senegal 2013

Windhoek; Dakar-Fann: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2013), 124 pp.

External Link (166)

India’s Media Boom: The Good News and the Bad

James Painter (ed.)

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2013), xv, 86 pp.

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State of the Newsroom: South Africa 2013. Disruptions and Transitions

Glenda Daniels

Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Journalism (2013), vii, 100 pp.

External Link (151)

Google Scholar (156)

WorldCat (177)

News Media in the Arab World: A Study of 10 Arab and Muslim Countries

Barrie Gunter, Roger Dickinson (eds.)

New York; London: Bloomsbury (2013), viii, 199 pp.

"News Media in the Arab World: A Study of 10 Arab and Muslim Countries is based on ongoing research at the Department of Media and Communication, University of Leicester, and has investigated the rapidly changing nature of the news media in Arab countries. They have investigated the role of newspape ... more

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The Media Map Project: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010
Deep Insights

Marie-Soleil Frère

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 98 pp.

"Today, the DRC tops the African charts in the number of registered media outlets, be they print media, radio or television. In 2008, 638 publications were registered country-wide; there were 341 radio stations and 82 television stations, although TV is still an essentially urban phenomenon, given t ... he lack of access to electricity. Despite this hugely diverse media landscape, citizens in the provinces are often deprived of access to information, as the media are most concentrated in the capital city, Kinshasa. Congolese media outlets are characterized by poor content, a severe shortage of material and technical capacity, and significant sustainability problems. Journalists work in an unsafe environment, lack regular salaries and protection, and regularly struggle with threats to press freedom. The legal and regulatory framework does not provide sufficient guarantees and basic regulations to ensure that media outlets abandon their “informal” practices. The advertising market is still undeveloped and disorganized, providing little financial backing to media companies. The supposedly “public” broadcaster is the mouthpiece of the government, and the only “public service broadcaster” is Radio Okapi, a UN-based station. In such an unfavorable context, the involvement of donors has become increasingly important over the last 20 years. The reasons why donors have intervened and continue to support the media sector are tied to the country’s political situation. The media have thus been supported for a variety of reasons: from 1990 to 1997: to encourage new democratic media freedoms; from 2000 to 2004: to promote a return to peace and reconstruction during negotiations to solve the conflict; from 2004 to 2007: to enable the media to play their part during the electoral process, as the first democratic elections during the last 40 years took place in 2006; from 2007 to 2011: to establish a solid and responsible press likely to take part in the consolidation of democracy. Reaching $80 million over the past ten years, media support by donors and operators has varied, essentially covering five types of activities: the creation of “neutral” and “apolitical” media and content (a recurring strategy in post-conflict countries); direct support (funds or equipment) for a number of outlets; media staff training; strengthening of the sector’s professional organizations and associations; consolidation of public institutions to organize the sector (including regulation and legal reform). Each of these types of interventions has generated both positive impacts and negative effects on individual journalists, newsrooms, media outlets and local organizations in the media sector. Beneficiaries, donors, and INGOs have all advanced their own critiques regarding the ways in which media support initiatives have been designed, implemented and assessed so far. They also make suggestions about how to improve media support in the future, to make it more consistent with the needs of the local Congolese media." (Executive summary, page 6-7 more

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Pakistan: Media and Telecoms Landscape Guide

infoasaid (2012), 139 pp.

External Link (153)

Google Scholar (171)

WorldCat (179)

Media Practice in Iraq

Ahmed Khalid Al-Rawi

Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan (2012), xi, 221 pp.

"A historical survey of the Iraqi media from its beginning up to the present day, focusing on the post-2003 media scene and the political and societal divisions that occurred in Iraq after US-led occupation. Investigates the nature of the media outlets and offers an analysis of the way Iraqi satelli ... more

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Mapping Digital Media: Bosnia and Herzegovina

Amer Dzihana, Kristina Cendic, Meliha Tahmaz

London: Open Society Foundations, Open Society Media Program (2012), 94 pp.

"Both media organizations and the organization of media in Bosnia and Herzegovina have been profoundly affected by ethnocentrism, political clientelism, the withdrawal of international donors, and the financial crisis. As a result, the country’s march towards digitization has been protracted and u ... more

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The Media Map Project: Cambodia. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010

Margarette Roberts

Washington, DC: Internews; World Bank Institute (2012), 66 pp.

"Donor funded media development is a relatively new phenomenon, resulting in minimal impact. Modest gains have been made: technical improvements in television production, some better skilled journalists, development of journalists’ associations and a code of ethics, and greater citizen engagement. ... more

The Media Map Project: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010 Deep Insights

The Media Map Project: The Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case Study on Donor Support to Independent Media, 1990-2010
Deep Insights