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Digital Trust Initiatives: Seeking to Reward Journalistic Ethics Online

Eleonora Maria Mazzoli

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2023), 28 pp.

"Digital trust initiatives strive to address complex problems and have multiple goals: from empowering users, to improving journalistic practices, to driving audiences and revenues to trusted news sources—and they cannot achieve such goals alone. Bolstering trustworthy news outlets and the content ... they produce in the digital information ecosystem is no easy undertaking. It entails interfacing with a diverse set of stakeholders—readers, journalists, news organizations, platforms, and advertisers—all of whom have distinct behaviors, goals, and incentives. Yet, the potential payback is immense if all the parts in this complex system can be aligned toward a similar objective. Cooperation among these initiatives as well as with other key industry actors in this sector will be key. There are signs that such collaboration is underway. The Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI) emergency protocol powered by NewsGuard aims to support news outlets at risk and will be tested for the first time in Ukraine later this year. It is a potentially promising example of how these initiatives can work together to help newsrooms around the world establish their credibility and transparency in times of crisis. There are also indications of increased cooperation between these initiatives and tech companies. A recently launched project shows the potential for collaboration among multiple digital news trust initiatives and online platforms: the Microsoft Journalism Hub, a resource center built to connect the journalism community with tools, technology, services, and partner programs. Among its features, it includes NewsGuard’s indicator tools and offers support for JTI’s certification program. Digital trust initiatives have set ambitious goals, but their ambitions for change at a global scale remain largely unproven as these efforts are still quite young. Additionally, the opacity of platforms’ content curation and moderation processes, and the lack of data on advertisers’ investment decisions, contributes to a dearth of concrete evidence on how these actors are actually using these indicators and standards—if they are using them at all. The extent to which these initiatives will gain broader traction is yet to be seen." (Conclusions) more

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Social Media and Journalistic Ethics: Rulings by European Media Councils

Laura Juntunen

Council for Mass Media in Finland (2023), 50 pp.

"The purpose of the study was to examine the social-media-related rulings of seven European media councils over the past 10 years. In total, 250 resolutions were analysed. The report highlights the spectrum of ethical issues related to the use of social media as both a source and publishing platform ... more

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Good models, limited implementation: Media self-regulation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Anida Sokol

Sarajevo; Ljubljana: Mediacentar;Peace Institute;South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2023), 44 pp.

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Articulations between Self-regulation and Regulation in the Field of Information and Journalism: A Comparative Analysis of European Practices Followed by Observations & Recommendations

Helena Peten, Pina Prata

Bruxelles: Association pour l'Autorégulation de la Déontologie Journalistique (AADJ);Conseil de Déontologie Journalistique (CDJ) (2023), 77 pp.

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WorldCat (18)

The Global Handbook of Media Accountability
Top Insights

Susanne Fengler, Tobias Eberwein, Matthias Karmasin (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2022), xviii, 614 pp.

"The Global Handbook of Media Accountability brings together leading scholars to 'de-Westernize' the academic debate on media accountability and discuss different models of media self-regulation and newsroom transparency around the globe. With examination of the status quo of media accountability in ... more

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Global Study: Gender Equality and Media Regulation
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Sarah Macharia, Sarah Barata Mir et al.

Fojo Media Institute (2022), 75 pp.

"This study is unique in its attempt to map both law and policy (regulation and self-regulation) and identify measures to promote gender equality in the media and women’s freedom of expression. The study covers policy instruments adopted at international, regional, national, industry and media hou ... more

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Panser la presse haïtienne: Perspectives herméneutiques à une autorégulation pragmatique

Lafontaine Orvild

Paris: L'Harmattan (2022), 138 pp.

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Indicadores para evaluar la rendición de cuentas en los medios de comunicación

Marcel Mauri-Rios, Xavier Ramon-Vegas, Ruth Rodríguez-Martínez, Jesús Díaz-Campo

Cuadernos.info, issue 51 (2022), pp. 1-27

"Esta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar indicadores clave para evaluar la capacidad de transparencia, autorregulación y participación de los usuarios, las tres dimensiones de la accountability. Se adoptó un triple punto de partida metodológico: revisión sistemática de literatura so ... more

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ITP Media Regulation Reference Book. State, Self- and Co-Regulation: Legal Frameworks and Professional Standards for Independent News Media
Key Guidance

Bill Orme

Media Development in a Democratic Framework (ITP Media);Niras International Consulting;Fojo Media Institute;International Media Support (IMS);Global Reporting (2022), 141 pp.

"The purpose of this ITP and this reference book material, is to look at ways to strengthen independent journalism with a “public interest” mission, both through voluntary self-regulation and a better un derstanding of official oversight and legal safeguards for the news media, in all its differ ... more

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The State of Media Freedom and Safety of Journalists in Africa
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CIPESA (2022), 57 pp.

"This report seeks to serve two purposes. The first is to research and document the state of media freedom and safety of journalists in Africa and to provide specific and evidence-based recommendations to guide policy makers, media development organisations and other media freedom and human rights a ... more

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Regulation of Harmful Content Online in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Between Freedom of Expression and Harms to Democracy

Anida Sokol, Maja Calovic

Sarajevo: Mediacentar;UNESCO (2022), 108 pp.

"The study specifically focuses on five types of harmful content: a) hate speech and hate narratives; b) denials of war crimes and glorification of war criminals; c) ethno-nationally and/or politically biased media reporting; d) disinformation; and e) attacks, threats and smear campaigns against ind ... more

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How Platforms Respond to Human Rights Conflicts Online: Best Practices in Weighing Rights and Obligations in Hybrid Online Orders

Matthias C. Kettemann (ed.)

Hamburg: Leibniz Institut für Medienforschung;Global Digital Human Rights Network (GDHRNet) (2022), 187 pp.

"Platforms have power. But this power is not unchecked. Governments have an important role to play in protecting their citizens' rights vis-à-vis third parties and ensuring a communication order in which rights are not violated. (And in addition, of course, they need to respect human rights themsel ... more

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The Historicity of Media Regulation in Zambia: Examining the Proposed Statutory Self-Regulation

Youngson Ndawana, Vaughan Joanne Knowles, Christopher

African Journalism Studies, volume 42, issue 2 (2021), pp. 59-76

"The media in Zambia have been in a state of uncertainty since Zambia reinstated democratic governance in the early 1990s. Despite promising initial steps to deregulate the media that started under President Chiluba’s government in the mid-1990s, achieving these objectives in successive years has ... more

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How Kenya’s Media Retooled Peer Review to Address Issues of Trust and Quality in News

Zablon Mark Oloo

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2021), 24 pp.

"Self regulation through peer review is a system whereby journalists hold each other accountable for the quality and accuracy of their content. If the Kenyan experience is anything to go by, this measure can provide an additional layer of scrutiny – additional to a state ombudsman or media houses� ... more

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Media Accountability in Africa: A Study of Policies and Practices at Two Newsrooms in Kenya

Jared Obuya

Communicatio: South African Journal for Communication Theory and Research, volume 47, issue 1 (2021), pp. 42-59

"Media accountability has attracted the interest of journalism scholars, media managers and policy makers as the debate grows on how to ensure a free and accountable media. However, media accountability is rarely studied beyond the theoretical and academic debate, especially in many parts of Africa. ... more

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Pathways to Operationalize Media Self-Regulation in Ethiopia

Solomon Goshu, Henok Semaegzer Fente

Addis Ababa: MERSA Media Institute (2021), 60 pp.

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Journalism Trust Initiative

European Committee for Standardization (CEN) (2019), 54 pp.

"We define journalism as the gathering, production and dissemination of information in a framework of ethical values. Its purpose is to provide citizens with information that empowers them to fully participate in society. We commit ourselves to four primary indicators of ethical quality in journalis ... more

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Media Self-Regulation in South East Europe: Guide to Best Practices for the Digital Age

Paris; Brussels: UNESCO;UNESCO Office Brussels (2019), 16 pp.

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Developing Independent Media Associations in Ethiopia

Washington, DC: Mersa Media Institute (2019), 41 pp.

Google Scholar (5)

WorldCat (5)

Autopsie de l'autorégulation de la presse haïtienne: Considérations éthico-politiques

Lafontaine Orvild

Paris: L'Harmattan (2019), 118 pp.

"Le présent ouvrage, qui procède à la nécropsie des cellules cancéreuses des différents aspects de l’espace médiatico-journalistique de la formation sociale haïtienne, offre un cadre procédural à l’aune de l’Éthique de la discussion de Jürgen Habermas et de l’Éthique reconstruct ... more

The Global Handbook of Media Accountability Top Insights

Global Study: Gender Equality and Media Regulation Top Insights

ITP Media Regulation Reference Book. State, Self- and Co-Regulation: Legal Frameworks and Professional Standards for Independent News Media Key Guidance

The State of Media Freedom and Safety of Journalists in Africa Top Insights

The Global Handbook of Media Accountability
Top Insights

Global Study: Gender Equality and Media Regulation
Top Insights

ITP Media Regulation Reference Book. State, Self- and Co-Regulation: Legal Frameworks and Professional Standards for Independent News Media
Key Guidance

The State of Media Freedom and Safety of Journalists in Africa
Top Insights