"Journalists’ reputations are under assault around the world. Among journalists we surveyed, 63% reported at least monthly attacks on their individual reputations — and 19% reported facing them daily. Rates were even higher for attacks on the reputations of their news outlets or the broader news
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media sector. [...] We investigated how widespread reputational attacks contribute to the risks and challenges that journalists face. While there is extensive research on efforts to delegitimize news outlets and journalism — particularly efforts by political leaders — there has been little research that investigates how reputational attacks affect individual journalists’ safety and professional autonomy. With that in mind, we focused on five key questions: 1. How frequently do journalists face attacks on their reputations? 2. What are the forms and sources of these attacks? 3. What are the personal and professional consequences of reputational attacks, including their links to violence and legal repression? 4. How do reputational attacks and their consequences vary for journalists in countries with different press freedom contexts? 5. How do they vary for journalists with different gender, ethnic, racial, or religious identities? To explore these questions, in 2022 we conducted a global survey. It was completed by 645 journalists, who resided in 87 countries, spanning a wide range of press freedom levels. The survey was available in six languages (English, Arabic, French, Hindi, Portuguese, and Spanish). 42% of survey respondents identified as women and 23.1% identified as belonging to a marginalized racial, ethnic or religious group in their respective countries. We then conducted in-depth follow-up interviews with 54 journalists." (Executive summary, pages 7-8)
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"The Bloomsbury Handbook of Radio presents exciting new research on radio and audio, including broadcasting and podcasting. Since the birth of radio studies as a distinct subject in the 1990s, it has matured into
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a second wave of inquiry and scholarship. As broadcast radio has partly given way to podcasting and as community initiatives have pioneered more diverse and innovative approaches so scholars have embarked on new areas of inquiry. Divided into seven sections, the Handbook covers: communities; entertainment; democracy; emotions; listening; studying radio; futures." (Publisher description)
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"The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance explores the concepts, methodologies, and implications of collective intelligence for democratic governance, in the first comprehensive survey of this field. Illustrated by a
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collection of inspiring case studies and edited by three pioneers in collective intelligence, this handbook serves as a unique primer on the science of collective intelligence applied to public challenges and will inspire public actors, academics, students, and activists across the world to apply collective intelligence in policymaking and administration to explore its potential, both to foster policy innovations and reinvent democracy." (Publisher description)
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"Several suggestions emerged from the discussion which will help to shape the Study: 1. Capacity building – training of Indigenous media and mainstream media [...] 2. Legal recognition of Indigenous media and development of inclusive media policies [...] 3. Financial viability and access to resour
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ces for Indigenous media [...] 4. Data collection and mapping for informed media policy, operations, and management decisions [...] 5. Greater accountability from Public Service Broadcasters [...] 6. Editorial independence, accountability, and self-regulation of Indigenous Media [...] 7. Collaboration, partnerships, and knowledge sharing among Indigenous and mainstream media [...] 8. Consultative mechanism for the preparation of the thematic study on the Indigenous Peoples and the Media ..." (Pages 7-9)
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"The Guidelines outline a set of duties, responsibilities and roles for States, digital platforms, intergovernmental organizations, civil society, media, academia, the technical community and other stakeholders to enable the environment where freed
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om of expression and information are in the core of digital platforms governance processes. The Guidelines were produced through a multi-stakeholder consultation that gathered more than 10,000 comments from 134 countries. These global-scale consultations fostered inclusive participation, ensuring a diversity of voices to be heard, including those from groups in situation of marginalization and vulnerability. Cultivating an Internet of Trust is a shared responsibility among all stakeholders. It calls upon us all to sustain an enabling environment for freedom of expression and the right to information." (Short summary)
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"This guide aims to provide information to help improve press coverage of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) on issues relating to the right to freedom of expression, the safety of journalists and access to information with the purpose of improving their ability to inform the public, to
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a professional standard, about the various parts of the process and, in doing so, increase the accountability of the various players involved in the review. Journalists themselves are victims of human rights violations around the world. These guidelines are also relevant to helping them understand how to report any violations of their freedom of expression and/or safety that might occur." (About the guide)
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"The present report offers a summary of IPDC’s activities during the current biennium (2022-2023). It provides an overview of important decisions and initiatives of the Council, IPDC projects and the financial situation of the Programme. More det
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ailed information is available in the latest report submitted to the IPDC Bureau." (Page 1)
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"Since its founding in 1980, the IPDC has worked to foster and secure a healthy environment for free, pluralistic, and independent media in developing countries, countries in transition, and countries in conflict and post-conflict situations. Throu
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gh this mandate, the Programme has since dedicated over $115 million to media development through more than 2,200 projects, carried out in at least 140 countries. In 2021, the IPDC Bureau approved a total of 86 project proposals and 9 Special Allocation initiatives. Nine of those projects, approved through the Rapid Response mechanism, reported to the Bureau in 2022. This report therefore covers 77 projects and the 9 Special Allocation initiatives approved in 2021, implemented in at least 90 countries over the course of 2021 and 2022." (Executive summary)
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"The IPDC Bureau at its 64th meeting (June 2020) requested the Secretariat to develop a targeted fundraising strategy in accordance with UNESCO’s overall fundraising strategy. It was first presented to the 32nd session of the Intergovernmental Co
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uncil of the IPDC in November 2020. The Council then instructed the Secretariat to implement resource mobilization aimed at the private sector and civil society. The Secretariat presented a revised fundraising strategy, which also included elements on visibility to the 65th Bureau meeting in June 2021, and reported on its implementation at the 66th Bureau meeting in June 2022 and at the 33rd Council session of the Intergovernmental Council of the IPDC in November 2022. This document reports to the Bureau on the implementation actions thus far and includes a draft decision by the Bureau." (Page 1)
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"News-avoiders are more interested in positive or solutions-based journalism and less interested in the big stories of the day. So there’s an important role to play for the media to counter intentional news avoidance. Editorial teams are able to change news content to make it less negative and mor
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e constructive, less opinionated, more fact-based and transparent. The aim of this more balanced approach to journalism is to underline that consumers are not simply passive victims of the news, but they can engage with answers and collectively create a world in which hope is possible. It replaces their feeling of helplessness and stress with a feeling of belonging and a sense of being able to make a difference in society. Solutions journalism also strengthens communities, helps them to address their challenges, advances equity, builds trust, increases civic engagement, depolarises public discourse and discovers new sources of revenue." (Introduction)
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"Whereas France owned the second most important empire in the world in 1945, the colonial domination paradoxically leaned very little on radio broadcasting. It was not until 1954 that the French governement, under the impulsion of Pierre Schaeffer,
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inventor of the “musique concrète,” launched a strong effort to build an overseas broadcasting network. However, that lasting endeavor took place while the French African colonies went into a phase of quick evolution toward independence. It immediately challenged the radiophonic project that colonial authorities had designed and forced French and Africans stakeholders to adapt their strategy according to the new context." (Abstract)
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"Drawing on cases from revolutionary France to the Russia of Vladimir Putin, the international authors probe the nature and agency of local blasphemy accusations, the historical and legal framework in which they were expressed and the violence, both physical and symbolic, accompanying them. In doing
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so, the volume reveals how cultures of blasphemy, and related acts of heresy, apostasy and sacrilege, were a companion to or acted as a trigger for physical action but also a form of how violence was experienced. More generally, it shows the importance of religious sensibilities in modern society and the violent potential contained in criticism or ridicule of the sacred and secular alike." (Publisher description)
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"The OECD convened a first-of-its kind international partnership on behavioural science and misinformation between the Canadian and the French governments to develop and disseminate behaviourally-
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informed and evidence-based solutions that can guide government response to misinformation. The study tested 1,872 Canadians’ intentions to share false COVID-related headlines online with two behavioural interventions: an accuracy evaluation prompt and digital media literacy prompt. The data generated by this partnership show that the digital media literacy tips reduced intentions to share fake news online by 21% compared to the control group – having the greatest impact on online users. These insights can enable policy makers to enact measures that defend and empower online users against environments designed to exploit certain natural but maladaptive tendencies and place the control back into the hands of online users. Relying solely on traditional top-down approaches that aim to regulate content are insufficient at limiting the immediate dangers of misinformation. Innovative policy-making tools such as behavioural science can help provide immediate and long-term solutions to misinformation and should be considered as part of a holistic and comprehensive strategy to offset the threats of misinformation. Governments should conduct rigorous policy experiments in collaboration with other countries, like the one presented here, before enacting policy that affects a larger population to address the crossborder nature of misinformation." (Key policy messages, page 4)
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"On November 8, 2021, a French court sentenced Lebanese priest Mansour Labaky to 15 years in prison in absentia. Labaky’s name has been added to the list of registered sex offenders. The court a
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lso announced that the arrest warrant issued against him in 2016 shall remain in force. The priest was charged with rape and sexual assault of three underage girls during his time running an orphanage, between 1990 and 1998, in the French town of Douvres-la-Délivrande. Back in 2012, he was also convicted by the Vatican’s Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith after he was found guilty of sexually assaulting the three minors. The verdict was upheld on appeal in 2013. [...] This study aims to analyse the media coverage of Labaky’s case, in particular from Monday, November 8, 2021 – date of the court’s verdict – to the end of the same month. It is based on the content of 14 Lebanese media platforms, including television stations, newspapers, and websites, as well as the public’s reaction to their coverage on social media, particularly Twitter. Five TV stations were monitored: LBCI, Al-Manar, Al-Jadeed, MTV, and OTV. Furthermore, three newspapers (An-Nahar, Al-Akhbar, and Nida’ Al-Watan) and six online media outlets (Daraj, Megaphone, Janoubia, Bint Jbeil, Lebanon Debate, and Lebanon Files) were also monitored." (Pages 31-32)
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"In 2020, the French Parliament passed an amendment that put the country at the forefront of attempts by democratic states to restrict young people's access to legal online pornography. This study examines the necessity for and potential efficacy o
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f the amendment, Article 23, through a comparative analysis of emerging legislative and regulatory approaches in France, the UK, Canada, Utah, and Germany, and through a survey of French 15-,16-, and 17-year-olds. Among other things, our survey shows that 41% of 15-, 16-, and17-year-olds in France visit dedicated pornographic sites, on average monthly and often much more frequently. However, the range of media platforms via which French adolescents are exposed to pornography, their knowledge about technologies that could circumvent age verification, and the power, scope, and implementation of Article 23 may limit the legislation's efficacy. Our findings suggest the mechanisms that may limit its efficacy include media displacement, socio-technical circumvention, and the Article's relatively broad and imprecise nature. This study has implications for legislators and regulators in democratic countries beyond France as they too grapple with the challenges of regulating online pornography. Furthermore, it extends the often contradictory and/or limited evidence that exists about adolescents' consumption of pornography." (Abstract)
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"This book provides a comprehensive approach of the media, journalism and politics in Sub-Saharan Francophone Africa. The author argues that there are common features that the media and journalism share in the seventeen countries of Francophone Afr
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ica and these make the local media systems different from what they are in neighboring English-speaking African countries, and in the rest of the world. The approach of the media in French-speaking Africa has not only to be “de-Westernized”, but also to step out of general overviews considering “African media." This project shows the historical, political, economic and sociological characteristics of the media systems of seventeen French-speaking countries of Africa." (Publisher description)
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"This book discusses the role of television drama series on a global scale, analyzing these dramas across the Americas, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. Contributors consider the role of television dramas as economically valuable cultural produ
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cts and with their depictions of gender roles, sexualities, race, cultural values, political systems, and religious beliefs as they analyze how these programs allow us to indulge our innate desire to share human narratives in a way that binds us together and encourages audiences to persevere as a community on a global scale. Contributors also go on to explore the role of television dramas as a medium that indulges fantasies and escapism and reckons with reality as it allows audiences to experience emotions of happiness, sorrow, fear, and outrage in both realistic and fantastical scenarios." (Publisher description)
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"This publication is the first report from UNESCO and the United Nations to specifically address Holocaust denial and distortion. It details the ways in which social media is fertile ground for hate and prejudice - and proposes actions we can take in response. Based on the data of billions of Facebo
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ok, Twitter, Instagram, and Telegram users, the report outlines what information English, French, Spanish, and German speakers encounter about the Holocaust. Almost half of all Holocaust-related content on Telegram, for example, is false, misleading, or distorted. Holocaust denial and distortion are often present alongside other types of online hate speech and misinformation such as homophobia, misogyny, xenophobia, conspiracy theory and COVID-19 denial. This co-presence indicates that these issues should not necessarily be addressed in isolation." (Foreword)
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"Bringing together theoretical, methodological, and practical chapters, this book presents a unique opportunity for environmental communication scholars to critically reflect on the past, examine present trends, and start envisioning exciting new m
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ethodologies, theories and areas of research. Chapters feature authors from a wide range of countries to critically review the genesis and evolution of environmental communication research and thus analyze current issues in the field from a truly international perspective, incorporating diverse epistemological perspectives, exciting new methodologies, and interdisciplinary theoretical frameworks. The handbook seeks to challenge existing dominant perspectives of environmental communication from and about populations in the Global South and disenfranchised populations in the Global North." (Publisher description)
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"Moving beyond the U.S.-Eurocentric paradigm of communication theory, this handbook broadens the intellectual horizons of the discipline by highlighting underrepresented, especially non-Western, theorists and theories, and identifies key issues and challenges for future scholarship. Showcasing diver
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se perspectives, the handbook facilitates active engagement in different cultural traditions and theoretical orientations that are global in scope but local in effect. It begins by exploring past efforts to diversify the field, continuing on to examine theoretical concepts, models, and principles rooted in local cumulative wisdom. It does not limit itself to the mass-interpersonal communication divide, but rather seeks to frame theory as global and inclusive in scope. The book is intended for communication researchers and advanced students, with relevance to scholars with an interest in theory within information science, library science, social and cross-cultural psychology, multicultural education, social justice and social ethics, international relations, development studies, and political science." (Publisher description)
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