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Information Needs of Syrian Refugees and Host Communities in Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey

Sébastien Duhaut (dir.)

Altai Consulting;CFI (2017), 168 pp.

"This report presents the result of a quantitative survey carried out in March 2017 using a representative sample of 1104 individuals (Syrian refugees and host community members over 12 years old), weighted for location, gender and age, across the three main host countries for Syrian refugees (Jorda ... n, Lebanon and Turkey). Some results are presented aggregated on this whole population (with a ratio of 70% Syrian refugees / 30% of host communities), while others are presented in a segregated way (refugees compared to host communities), or by various other break-downs mentioned throughout the report. Finding 1: Both Syrian refugees and host communities are well equipped in terms of media and means of communication (92% have access to television, 97% to phones and 56% to internet), sometimes through ad hoc means (shared dishes, shared internet subscriptions, use of a relative’s phone, etc.). They are intensive users, spending about two and a half hours per day on television and the same on the internet. The more educated, richer segments follow various kinds of news, cross-check, are members of numerous Facebook communities, and spread information themselves. But even at the other end, among the poorer and the less educated, very few people are completely disconnected. Finding 2: Satellite television, whose use is almost universal, is a major entertainment tool in terms of time spent: families put cartoons for their children and watch movies, musical videos and series. It is also widely used for news, with a few pan-Arab channels dominating the landscape (Al Jazeera, Al Arabiya, Al Hadath), but also use of some host country channels (particularly Al Jadeed in Lebanon) and pro-revolution Syrian channels (particularly Orient). Internet is less pervasive, but still very significant for a large proportion of the population, who are connected on social media (over half on WhatsApp, over a third on Facebook) and use the network for private chat, entertainment and information, especially on the numerous existing Syrian community pages or information portals. On the contrary, radio usage is low and limited to particular circumstances (absence of electricity, in transportation, etc.): to a large extent, it has been replaced by television and/or internet. Finding 3: There is a lot of humanitarian information circulating, both on official channels (official SMS, outreach teams, direct visits to offices, national announcements, etc.) and unofficial channels (a burgeoning, ever-changing world of Facebook pages and groups with tips and announcements, of SMS or messages being re-forwarded and re-published, of rumours or facts spread by word of mouth). But this information is not coordinated in a systematic manner by actors, and people in need still lack accurate information on various issues. They are often forced to rely on unofficial sources, or do not trust fully the information they have. Moreover, in many cases the only way to obtain information is to go personally to the relevant institution or office, which is sometimes a barrier." (Executive summary and recommendations) more

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Media Interventions as Humanitarian Action

Shawn Powers

In: The Routledge Companion to Media and Humanitarian Action

Robin Andersen; Robin Purnaka L. de Silva (eds.)

London: Routledge (2017), pp. 416-427

"This chapter aims to introduce the concept of an information intervention as an example of humanitarian action. Typically associated negatively with government efforts to incite conflict and tension, two case studies are explored-Haiti and Syria-to better understand how state-led information interv ... more

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Media, Diaspora and Conflict
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Ola Ogunyemi (ed.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2017), xxiii, 240 pp.

"This edited collection argues that the connective and orientation roles ascribed to diasporic media overlook the wider roles they perform in reporting intractable conflicts in the Homeland. Considering the impacts of conflict on migration in the past decades, it is important to understand the capac ... more

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Media Landscape: Syria

Lorenzo Trombetta

European Journalism Centre (2017)

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Reporting the Middle East: The Practice of News in the Twenty-First Century
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Zahera Harb (ed.)

London; New York: Tauris (2017), xii, 226 pp.

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Media Development in Syria: The Janus-Faced Nature of Foreign Aid Assistance

Billie Jeanne Brownlee

Third World Quarterly, volume 38, issue 10 (2017), pp. 2276-2294

"This article intends to provide responses to some of the many unanswered questions about the making and the transformation of the uprising in Syria by exploring a new avenue of research: media development aid. Most academic interest has been oriented towards the role that the new media played at th ... more

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Culture and Crisis Communication: Transboundary Cases from Nonwestern Perspectives

Amiso M. George, Kwamena Kwansah-Aidoo (eds.)

New York: Wiley (2017), xxix, 376 pp.

"Culture and Crisis Communication presents an examination of how politics, culture, religion, and other social issues affect crisis communication and management in nonwestern countries. From intense human tragedy to the follies of the rich, the chapters examine how companies, organizations, news out ... more

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Arab Women and the Media in Changing Landscapes

Elena Maestri, Annemarie Profanter (eds.)

Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2017), xxv, 277 pp.

"Maestri and Profanter highlight that the methodological approaches adopted in this volume are both interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary. Focusing on the changing relationship between the dynamics of Arab communication spaces and the role of Arab women both in and through the media, the introduct ... more

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All the news that's worth the risk: Improving protection for freelance journalists in war zones

Lindsay R. Grossman

Boston College International & Comparative Law Review, volume 40, issue 1 (2017), pp. 141-166

"Although war journalism has existed for centuries, changes in the nature of armed conflict and its coverage have put the danger for modern journalists at an all time high. The traditional war correspondent has been replaced in recent years by the independent freelance journalist. While the former r ... more

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Out of Syria, Inside Facebook

Dona Abboud

Leipzig: Institut für Buchkunst (2016), 224 pp.

"During her studies at the University for Graphics and Book Art in Leipzig, Dona Abboud had mostly only contact via Facebook with her family and friends in Syria. The book presents 10 Syrian men and women with almost 2000 photos of their Facebook pages, supplemented by interviews and short biographi ... more

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Arab Cinema Travels: Transnational Syria, Palestine, Dubai and Beyond

Kay Dickinson

London: Palgrave Macmillan;British Film Institute (bfi) (2016), ix, 221 pp.

"Starting with the inventive traditions of Arabic travelogues, the text traces the manifold pathways that converge in the cinemas of Syria, Palestine and Dubai. Syrian production bursts out of long-held practices of studying abroad, this time in the film schools of the Eastern Bloc. Palestinian movi ... more

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Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition: Studies and Reflections in the Digital Age
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Ulla Carlsson (ed.)

Göteborg: Nordicom (2016), 199 pp.

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Journalism in Conflict and Post-Conflict Conditions: Worldwide Perspectives
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Kristin Skare Orgeret, William Tayeebwa (eds.)

Göteborg: Nordicom;UNESCO Chair on Freedom of Expression, Media Development and Global Policy (2016), 202 pp.

"The aim of the present book is to provide both empirical and theoretical input to the discussions of the role of journalism and media in conflict and post-conflict situations and in the often rather muddy waters between them. Together, the contributions to this book from different parts of the worl ... more

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Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure
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Sanja Kelly, Mai Truong, Adrian Shahbaz, Madeline Earp (eds.)

Washington, DC; New York: Freedom House (2016), 1021 pp.

"Internet freedom has declined for the sixth consecutive year, with more governments than ever before targeting social media and communication apps as a means of halting the rapid dissemination of information, particularly during antigovernment protests. Public-facing social media platforms like Fac ... more

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Syria’s New Media Landscape: Independent Media Born Out of War

Antoun Issa

Washington, DC: Middle East Institute (MEI) (2016), 33 pp.

"The Syrian Civil War has shaken the country’s media landscape and provided space for the nascent emergence of an independent Syrian media. Syria’s media culture is undergoing significant transformation from a top-down, state-run industry, to a diverse arena populated by competing viewpoints and ... more

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Syrian Refugee Journalists Leaving ... To Tell the Tale

Mansour Omari

Paris: Reporters Without Borders (2016), 16 pp.

"After the Syrian uprising morphed into an armed struggle, the Syrian government increasingly lost control over vast areas of territory. With the loss of State control, its imposed rule on media faded, enabling media to flourish in those areas. In territories it still controlled, its grip became eve ... more

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Reporting on Gender-Based Violence in the Syria Crisis: Facilitator’s Guide

Qaid Saeed, Ruba Hikmat, Jennifer Miquel

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) (2016), 73 pp.

"The purpose of the training workshop in this manual is to improve the skills of media professionals and communication officers in reporting gender-based violence in humanitarian crisis settings; to enhance the quality of reporting by instilling ethical principles; and to increase awareness among th ... more

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Innovative Peacebuilding in Syria: A Scoping Study of the Strategic Use of Technology to Build Peace in the Syrian Context

British Council (2016), 24 pp.

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The Islamic State's Global Propaganda Strategy

Daveed Gartenstein-Ross, Nathaniel Barr, Bridget Moreng

The Hague: International Centre for Counter-Terrorism (ICCT) (2016), 83 pp.

"This Research Paper aims to analyse in depth the global propaganda strategy of the so-called “Islamic State” (IS) by looking at the methods through which this grand strategy is carried out as well as the objectives that IS wants to achieve through it. The authors first discuss IS’ growth mode ... more

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Information to go: Kommunikation im Prozess der Migration am Beispiel syrischer und irakischer Flüchtlinge auf ihrem Weg nach Deutschland

Anke Fiedler

Global Media Journal - German Edition, volume 6, issue 1 (2016), 25 pp.

"Vor dem Hintergrund der Flüchtlingsdebatte in Deutschland 2015 wird in diesem Beitrag danach gefragt, welche (Massen-)Kommunikationskanäle Flüchtlinge vor, während und nach der Flucht nutzen, um sich über migrationsrelevante Themen zu informieren und sich darüber mit anderen Migrationswillige ... more

Media, Diaspora and Conflict Top Insights

Reporting the Middle East: The Practice of News in the Twenty-First Century Top Insights

Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition: Studies and Reflections in the Digital Age Top Insights

Journalism in Conflict and Post-Conflict Conditions: Worldwide Perspectives Top Insights

Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure Top Insights

Media, Diaspora and Conflict
Top Insights

Reporting the Middle East: The Practice of News in the Twenty-First Century
Top Insights

Freedom of Expression and Media in Transition: Studies and Reflections in the Digital Age
Top Insights

Journalism in Conflict and Post-Conflict Conditions: Worldwide Perspectives
Top Insights

Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure
Top Insights