"There are no neat prescriptions for nurturing a free press in a society that has little or no democratic legacy. Every step is a first step and there are no well-worn paths or time-honored institutions. There have been obvious successes in Albania. The technical and material aid to the newspapers h
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as propelled production practices from the 1940's into the 1990's in only a few short years. Broadcasting, while still laboring under the yoke of government ownership, is changing due to cultural and political influences from abroad, and aid programs have put the building blocks in place to offer alternatives to government programming when and if laws allow. But technical successes are only part of the recipe for building a free and independent media. Albania's most potent legacy is one of totalitarian rule, and without a great deal of political maturation, the aid given to the media could easily be turned into a tool for exploiting the seamy and the sensational. Or worse; the underdog free press could become the lapdog of yet another repressive regime." (Conclusion)
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"Über die Wandlungsprozesse, die derzeit in der osteuropäischen Medienlandschaft stattfinden, ist wenig bekannt. Die Diskussion und die Entwicklung in allen ehemaligen Ostblockländern ist von besonderem wissenschaftlichen Interesse und von praktischer Bedeutung - auch vor dem Hintergrund der gesa
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mteuropäischen Integration. Das Buch gibt Antworten auf die Fragen nach dem Wandel der Medienorganisation, dem Wandel der ökonomischen Situation der einzelnen Medien im jeweiligen Land, dem Wandel des Medienangebots, dem Wandel der Mediennutzung bei Rundfunk, Film und Printmedien und nicht zuletzt zur Veränderung der Beziehung Staat-Medien." (Klappentext)
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"The International Broadcasting Audience Research Department (IBAR) of the BBC World Service presently commissions representative sample surveys of the adult populations of more than 20 different countries each year. Surveys reported in this compilation published first time in 1993 provide detailed
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information on the spread of radio and television in countries for which such data are otherwise difficult to obtain. The 1993 edition contains the only nationally representative radio and television surveys in Indonesia, Ghana and Senegal. Other surveys include Mozambique, Angola, Fiji and Nepal. The 1994/5 edition presents a report on the growth of audiences for satellite television in India, audience surveys in Macedonia, Albania, India, Kenya, Nigeria, the Czech Republic and Romania." (Catalogue Libbey 1995)
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"This is a survey of the state of the press in 180 countries, organized in four sections: Section I, "The International Press"; Section II, "The World's Developed Press Systems"; Section III, "Smaller and Developing Press Systems, " and Section IV, " Minimal and Underdeveloped Press Systems." Covera
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ge is alphabetical by country within the sections. Discussions and data for the various countries in the first three sections are under the following headings: "Basic Data: Background and General Characteristics"; "Economic Framework"; "Press Law"; "Censorship"; "State Press Relations"; "Attitude Toward Foreign Media"; "News Agencies"; "Electronic News Media"; "Education and Training"; and in conclusion "Summary," with a discussion of trends and prospects; followed by "Chronology." Preceding each country is a table of basic data, and following it a bibliography. Section IV, "Minimal and Underdeveloped Press Systems," treats each country briefly in tabular form. Appendixes list 50 of the best known daily newspapers, the news agencies of the world, selected periodicals dealing with the press, media multinationals, press-related associations, unions and organizations, advertising expenditures, radio transmitters and receivers, and television transmitters and sets." (Eleanor Blum, Frances G. Wilhoit: Mass media bibliography. 3rd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990 Nr. 239)
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"Stoil examines film in Bulgaria, Rumania, Yugoslavia, and to a lesser extent Albania (where cinema is scarce and the authorities only minimally cooperative), conducting interviews, viewing films and searching through archives and other materials in order to explain long-term changes in content beca
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use of its use by the regimes as a policy-making tool. The first half of the book discusses the impact of the national cinematic traditions, ideology and industry structure on political content of film in general; the latter half examines changing trends in content over the years through a genre-by-genre look at Balkan feature films. Notes, bibliography, filmography and index." (Eleanor Blum, Frances G. Wilhoit: Mass media bibliography. 3rd ed. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990 Nr. 1494)
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"General survey of Albania — The Albanian press — Development — Present trends — The Albanian press still has very close ties with the government — TotaI rigidity and complete support of the regime." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countri
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es. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 1668, topic code 110.1, 110.32)
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"Freedom of the press in Albania — Press advertising — Political implications." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 483, topic code 110.31)
"Activités de l'Union des Journalistes Albanais en matière de formation professionnelle de journalistes." (Jean-Marie Van Bol, Abdelfattah Fakhfakh: The use of mass media in the developing countries. Brussels: CIDESA, 1971 Nr. 2418, topic code 163.1)