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Quick Overview
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Accountability & Transparency of the Media
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Journalism Ethics
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Self-Regulation of Media
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Media Outlets, Media Associations
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Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
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Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
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Editorial Independence
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Facebook
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Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
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Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
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Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
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Samizdat
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Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
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Exile Journalism, Exile Media
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Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
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Media / Communication Control
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Government Communication Strategies
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Government Propaganda
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Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
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Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
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Television Industries
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Press Markets
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Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
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Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
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Video on Demand
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Ethics in Media & Communication
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Defamation Law & Regulation
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Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
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Codes of Journalistic Ethics
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Press Councils
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Good Practice Examples
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Food / Nutrition Communication & Media Representation
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Indigenous Communication
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China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Foreign Television Programmes
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Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
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Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
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Council of Europe
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European Union (EU)
1
Investigative Journalism
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Journalism Concepts & Cultures
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Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
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Labour Market for Journalists
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Local Journalism
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News Agencies
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Election Reporting
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Science Journalism
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Media Development Indicators
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
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Media & Information Literacy
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Licensing of Media
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Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
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Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
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Corporate Social Responsibility
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Radio Management
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Starting Media Outlets, Creation of Digital Businesses
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Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
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Popular Music
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Deaf & Hard of Hearing People
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Politics and Media
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Political Communication
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Newspapers
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Radio
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Radio Tartu (Tartu, Estonia)
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Cyberpsychology
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Manipulation
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Esotericism & New Age
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Islam and Communication
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Judaism and Communication
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Communication & Media Indicators
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Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
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Society & Media, Media Sociology
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Informatics
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Telecommunications
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Mobile Phone Apps
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Television
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Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
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Youth and Media
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Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
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Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Journalism under Duress: Worlds of Journalism Study Report (Wave 3: 2021–2025)
Munich: Ludwig-Maximilian Universität (LMU), WJS Center (2025), 371 pp.
"This report presents findings from the third wave of the Worlds of Journalism Study (WJS3), conducted between 2021 and 2025. In this iteration, we focused on journalists’ perceptions of risk and uncertainty in their profession and sought to identify key factors that shape how journalists navigate
...
Commodification of Spirituality and the Spiritual Healers’ Labor on Facebook
International Journal of Communication, volume 18 (2024), pp. 1405-1425
"Facebook is home to a plethora of spiritual healers who use the social media platform for giving advice, selling products, and offering their services. In this ethnographic study, we examine the Facebook endeavors of Estonian spiritual healers. The study discusses the different forms of commodified
...
Global Journalism in Comparative Perspective: Case Studies
London; New York: Routledge (2024), xvii, 251 pp.
"This book explores how journalism is practiced around the world and how there are multiple factors at the structural and contextual level shaping journalism practice. Drawing on case studies of how conflicts, pandemics, political developments, or human rights violations are covered in an online-fir
...
Safety, reactions, and organizational support: Estonian journalists' experiences with hostility
In: Global Journalism in Comparative Perspective: Case Studies
Dhiman Chattopadhyay (ed.)
London; New York: Routledge (2024), pp. 40-52
"This chapter concludes multiyear research on journalists’ safety and well-being in Estonia and focuses on summarizing journalist experiences with and reactions to hostility. In addition to categorizing and describing the problems, the chapter also provides insight into what journalists expect fro
...
The Routledge Companion to Media Anthropology
Top Insights
London; New York: Routledge (2023), xxv, 617 pp.
"Comprising 41 chapters by a team of international contributors, the companion is divided into three parts: histories; approaches; thematic considerations. The chapters offer wide-ranging explorations of how forms of mediation influence communication, social relationships, cultural practices, partic
...
“You can Run, but You Cannot Hide!” Mapping Journalists’ Experiences With Hostility in Personal, Organizational, and Professional Domains
Journalism & Mass Communication Educator, volume 78, issue 2 (2023), pp. 199–213
"Our study describes how hostility reaches journalists and their reactions to the experiences. Semi-structured interviews with 18 Estonian journalists were conducted in 2021 from June to December. We divided journalists’ experiences into personal, professional, and organizational domains. One key
...
The Global Handbook of Media Accountability
Top Insights
London; New York: Routledge (2022), xviii, 614 pp.
"The Global Handbook of Media Accountability brings together leading scholars to 'de-Westernize' the academic debate on media accountability and discuss different models of media self-regulation and newsroom transparency around the globe. With examination of the status quo of media accountability in
...
Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship
Top Insights
London; New York: Routledge (2021), viii, 210 pp.
"This book explores the relationship between the safety of journalists and self-censorship practices around the world, including local case studies and regional and international perspectives. Bringing together scholars and practitioners from around the globe, Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship p
...
I am an Estonian illustrator: Let me mark the book for you
Estonian Children’s Literature Centre (2021), 127 pp.
Food, Nutrition and the Media
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2020), xxi, 323 pp.
"Placed at the crossroads of diverse disciplines – medical sciences, information and communication science, sociology of food, agricultural sciences – this book focuses on media, food and nutrition. Contributors to this volume come from different countries including the United Kingdom, Germany,
...
Communicating Science: A Global Perspective
Top Insights
Canberra: Australian National University (ANU) Press (2020), xi, 982 pp.
"This collection charts the emergence of modern science communication across the world. This is the first volume to map investment around the globe in science centres, university courses and research, publications and conferences as well as tell the national stories of science communication. How did
...
A way to silence journalists? Estonian female journalists’ experiences with harassment and self-censorship
In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship
Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)
London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 114-129
"The aim of the study is to investigate Estonian female journalists’ experiences with harassment resulting in self-censorship. We carried out three studies: one in 2015, a second in 2016 and a third one in 2018. The data were gathered by in-depth interviews (2015 and 2018), journalists’ diaries
...
How to lose the information war: Russia, fake news, and the future of conflict
London: Tauris (2020), xxvii, 259 pp.
"Since the start of the Trump era, the United States and the Western world has finally begun to wake up to the threat of online warfare and the attacks from Russia. The question no one seems to be able to answer is: what can the West do about it? Central and Eastern European states, however, have be
...
Russian Social Media Influence: Understanding Russian Propaganda in Eastern Europe
Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation (2018), xvii, 130 pp.
"A RAND Corporation study examined Russian-language content on social media and the broader propaganda threat posed to the region of former Soviet states that include Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, and, to a lesser extent, Moldova and Belarus. In addition to employing a state-funded multilingu
...
Understanding Russian Communication Strategy: Case Studies of Serbia and Estonia
Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2018), 60 pp.
"As a part of Russian soft (or coercive) power disinformation and propaganda have become key elements in an updated Russian security policy since 2012/13. For Russian leadership disinformation and propaganda have become key instruments to impact domestic debates in EU member states and in the neighb
...
Disinformation Resilience in Central and Eastern Europe
Kyiv: Foreign Policy Council “Ukrainian Prism” (Prismua);Eurasian States in Transition Research Center (EAST Center) (2018), 335 pp.
"This research is aimed at assessing national vulnerabilities and preparedness to counteract foreign-led disinformation in 14 countries of Eastern and Central Europe. The Visegrad states (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia), Eastern Partnership countries (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Georgia
...
Freedom on the Net 2017: Manipulating Social Media to Undermine Democracy
Top Insights
Washington, DC; New York: Freedom House (2017), 1060 pp.
"Governments around the world have dramatically increased their efforts to manipulate information on social media over the past year. The Chinese and Russian regimes pioneered the use of surreptitious methods to distort online discussions and suppress dissent more than a decade ago, but the practice
...
Defamation and Insult Laws in the OSCE Region: A Comparative Study
Barbara Trionfi (ed.)
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2017), 267 pp.
"This study examines the existence of criminal defamation and insult laws in the territory of the 57 participating States of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). In doing so, it offers a broad, comparative overview of the compliance of OSCE participating States’ legislat
...
Assessing Russia’s Influence in its Periphery
Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG);Gallup (2016), 40 slides
"Russian speakers in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania rank Kremlin-backed media as the least trustworthy among international, Russian Federation and domestic news sources, according to research presented by the Broadcasting Board of Governors. In addition, only those survey respondents who considered R
...
Freedom on the Net 2016. Silencing the Messenger: Communication Apps Under Pressure
Top Insights
Washington, DC; New York: Freedom House (2016), 1021 pp.
"Internet freedom has declined for the sixth consecutive year, with more governments than ever before targeting social media and communication apps as a means of halting the rapid dissemination of information, particularly during antigovernment protests. Public-facing social media platforms like Fac
...
