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After the Czars and Commissars: Journalism in Authoritarian Post-Soviet Central Asia

Eric Freedman, Richard Shafer (eds.)

East Lansing: Michigan State University Press (2011), 299 pp.

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New Developments in Central Asian Mass Media Research

Eric Freedman, Richard Shafer

Central Asia and the Caucasus, volume 12, issue 4 (2011), pp. 128-143

"This wide range of contemporary mass media research illustrates how Central Asia press outlets remain tightly controlled and manipulated, first under the czars, then under the Soviets, and now under authoritarian regimes. Over the past two decades, the press systems have not achieved even minimal d ... emocratization and independence by international standards. Perhaps the Internet and other technologies will have a better chance of circumventing censors and the economic obstacles that deny the great mass of Central Asians the ability to participate in a useful dialog leading to more transparent and participatory governance. Several overarching observations emerge from this synthesized examination of recent research. The five separate press systems that replaced the single Soviet system share many commonalities, although significant differences also exist. These studies indicate varying but not decisive degrees of external influences from multi-governmental entities, media-building foundations, and promoters of civil society; such influences on Central Asian media development originate with mostly Western-based journalism and mass media trainers. Another observation concerns regimes’ use and abuse of laws to control information about public affairs and public issues. That pattern evident from several studies reflects a disconnect between constitutional and statutory guarantees of press freedom on one side and actual threats to those guarantees on the other side due to libel and “honor and dignity” suits, criminal prosecutions, and tightening regulation of the Internet. Examined collectively, these studies suggest the following obstacles to democratic and independent media development in Central Asia: strict governmental and extra-governmental restraints on the press, regardless of the type of medium—print, broadcast, or Internet; inadequate professional training, leadership, resources, financial incentives, and ethical standards for journalists and prospective journalists; limitations on the ability of domestic and international press and human rights defenders to compel changes in policies and laws; insufficient market resources to create and sustain independent news organizations; and a resulting lack of credibility and public trust in the press." (Summary and conclusions, page 142) more

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The Digital Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Information Technology and Political Islam

Philip N. Howard

Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press (2010), xii, 285 pp.

"Around the developing world, political leaders face a dilemma: the very information and communication technologies that boost economic fortunes also undermine power structures. Globally, one in ten internet users is a Muslim living in a populous Muslim community. In these countries, young people ar ... more

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Access Controlled: The Shaping of Power, Rights, and Rule in Cyberspace

Ronald Deibert, John Palfrey, Rafal Rohozinski, Jonathan Zittrain (eds.)

Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press (2010), xvi, 617 pp.

"Internet censorship and surveillance becomes more sophisticated. The first-generation controls like China's "Great Firewall" are being replaced by techniques that include strategically timed distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, targeted malware, take-down notices and stringent terms-of-usa ... more

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Global Information Society Watch 2010: Focus on ICTs and Environmental Sustainability

Alan Finlay (ed.)

Association for Progressive Communications (APC);Hivos (2010), 244 pp.

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Media Sustainability Index 2010: Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2010), xxi, 287 pp.

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Media Sustainability Index 2009: Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2009), xix, 285 pp.

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Communication for Development: A Glimpse at UNDP's Practice

Elizabeth McCall

Oslo: United Nations;UNDP Oslo Governance Centre (2009), 54 pp.

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Global Information Society Watch 2009: Focus on Access to Online Information and Knowledge – Advancing Human Rights and Democracy

Alan Finlay (ed.)

Association for Progressive Communications (APC);Hivos (2009), 231 pp.

"GISWatch has three interrelated goals: surveying the state of the field of information and communications technology (ICT) policy at local and global levels; encouraging critical debate; strengthening networking and advocacy for a just, inclusive information society. Each year the report focuses on ... more

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Journalism Education: Improvement of the Quality of Education and New Technologies. 11th Central Asia Media Conference, Bishkek 15-16 October 2009

Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2009), 232 pp.

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Usbekistan

Bernhard Chiari, Magnus Pahl (eds.)

Paderborn et al.: Schöningh (2009), 312 pp.

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Auslandsmärkte als Chance: Mit ITK aus der Krise

Berlin: Bundesverband Informationswirtschaft, Telekommunikation und neue Medien (BITKOM);Auswärtiges Amt (2009), 267 pp.

"In Ihren Händen halten Sie die zweite Auflage unserer Publikation „Auslandsmärkte als Chance“. Als wir vor gut zwei Jahren die erste Ausgabe veröffentlichten, florierte die Weltwirtschaft und mit ihr die IT- und Telekommunikationsmärkte. Wer hätte damals gedacht, dass wir im Jahr 2009 die ... more

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Global Information Society Watch 2008: Focus on Access to Infrastructure

Alan Finlay (ed.)

Association for Progressive Communications (APC);Hivos;Third World Institute (ITeM) (2008), 204 pp.

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Media Sustainability Index 2008: Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia

Leon Morse (ed.)

Washington, DC: IREX (2008), xxi, 276 pp.

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Machtmosaik Zentralasien: Traditionen, Restriktionen, Aspirationen

Manfred Sapper, Volker Weichsel, Andrea Huterer (eds.)

Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2007), 648 pp.

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Media Matters: Perspectives on Advancing Governance and Development from the Global Forum for Media Development
Top Insights

Mark Harvey (ed.)

Paris: Internews Europe;Global Forum for Media Development (GFMD) (2006), 222 pp.

"Draws together thinking and analysis that covers the breadth and depth of the media development landscape. The opening section, 'Why Media Matters: Global Perspectives' gathers the work of several thought leaders on major trends that cut across both the communications and development policy arenas; ... more