"Based on a representative survey of online news consumers across five countries – UK, US, Germany, France and Denmark – the report is the start of an ambitious project to track changing digital news behaviour over the next decade. Key international findings: There are significant differences in
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how regularly people keep up with the news across our surveyed countries. More than 9 in 10 Germans access the news at least once a day compared with only 3 in 4 people in the United Kingdom. The rapid switch from print to digital in the United States is not being replicated exactly in European countries. Germany is showing the strongest allegiance to traditional viewing and reading habits and has the lowest levels of internet news use. In the UK, news about politics is perceived to be less important – and celebrity news more important – compared to the other countries surveyed. There is more interest in business and especially economic news in the UK and the US than in the European countries surveyed." (Publisher description)
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"Tres son los principales objetivos de la presente obra: 1. El primero consiste en poner al alcance de los ciudadanos de América Latin a los conocimientos y herramientas indispensables para que comprendan de mejor manera la forma en que la Comunicación Política incide, en mayor o menor medida, en
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su elección de representantes y funcionarios. 2. El segundo es fungir como un texto de orientación y referencia para todas aquellas personas vinculadas con la política o con la promoción y difusión de candidatos, campañas y mensajes. 3. Por último, el tercer objetivo perseguido mediante su elaboración y difusión consiste en que todas las personas que participan directa- o indirectamente en campañas de Comunicación Política logren identificar la necesidad real de prepararse teórica y técnicamente, para poder tomar las mejores decisiones, con base en análisis metódicos y objetivos del contexto y las coyunturas en los que se verifican las campañas electorales. Con lo cual, contarán con elementos para profesionalizar su labor y dejar de una vez por todas en el "baúl de los recuerdos" los mitos, tradiciones y descarriadas intuiciones con base en las que, desgraciadamente, aún se implementan muchos de los esfuerzos en materia de Comunicación Política de la región." (Presentación, página 8-9)
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The general analysis of this Yearbook is divided into three parts. The first is an introductory chapter that contains a comparative synthesis of fiction in the Obitel countries. This comparison is made from a quantitative and qualitative point of view that makes it possible to observe the developmen
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t of fiction in each country, highlighting their main productions, as well as the topic of the year: “Quality in television fiction”. In the second part there are eleven chapters (one for each country), with an internal structure where the Yearbook sections are usually fixed, though some are more specific than others. The sections that make up each of the chapters are the following: 1. The country’s audiovisual context; 2. Analysis of premiere fiction; 3. Transmedia Reception; The most outstanding productions of the year; 5. Finally, there is the Topic of the Year, which in this issue is: Trasnationalization of Television Fiction. This phenomenon, which is at the same a growing tendency, is received in three dimensions: 1. The transnational element “behind” the screen, where we present a media ownership index in each country; 2. The transnational element “on” the screen, by locating the origin of the stories for the premiere Top Ten, the casting and the production locations; 3. The transnational element “beyond” the screens, where we place the import and export flows of the fiction products in the OBITEL countries. The third part is an Appendix.
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"Zoroastrians are an ancient ethnic-religious community that goes back to the prophet Zarathustra. Today they number some 120,000 people, based in India/Pakistan and Iran; diaspora communities are settled in North America, the United Kingdom, Australia. On the Indian sub-continent, where Zoroastrian
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s are known as ‘Parsis’, communities are ageing quickly, due in particular to a low fertility rate and massive outmigration. Projections show there will be virtually no more Zoroastrians in Pakistan in a few decades, and figures in India may drop to 20,000 individuals by 2050. For such a scattered community, the Internet represents a unique platform to discuss community matters and bring together far-flung groups. Zoroastrians use the Web and other digital media to organize themselves and remain connected to their homeland. This e-diaspora not only highlights some traditional characteristics of Zoroastrian communities, it intertwines with the apparition of a new leadership. It also accelerates the emergence of a universal conception of what it is to be Zoroastrian, transforming the Zoroastrian socio-cultural and religious identity and reshaping past and present divisions." (Abstract)
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"Hindu nationalists defend the advent of a Hindu state in India, while projecting the universal appeal of their ideology. Their very territorialised yet universal claims have been finding particular resonance among migrant populations, particularly in North America. This study strives to go beyond c
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ontent analyses that foreground voices to focus on the network structure in order to highlight the new transnational practices of nationalism. Two main points emerge from this in-depth scrutiny. On the one hand, Hindu nationalist organisations have transferred their online activities mainly to the USA, where the Indian diaspora is 3.2 million strong and constitute therefore a prime example of long-distance transnationalist nationalism. On the other hand, the morphological discrepancies between the online and the offline networks point to new strategies of discretion developed to evade the gaze of authorities in countries of residence. The recourse to such cartographies thus becomes crucial not only in understanding what sectarian or illegal movements do but also what they seek to hide." (Abstract)
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"This publication seeks to identify the relationship between freedom of expression and Internet privacy, assessing where they support or compete with each other in different circumstances. The publication maps out the issues in the current regulatory landscape of Internet privacy from the viewpoint
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of freedom of expression. It provides an overview of legal protection, self-regulatory guidelines, normative challenges, and case studies relating to the topic." (Foreword, page 5)
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"For decades, television scholars have viewed global television through the lens of cultural imperialism, focusing primarily on programs produced by US and UK markets and exported to foreign markets. Global Television Formats revolutionizes television studies by de-provincializing its approach to me
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dia globalization. It re-examines dominant approaches and their legacies of global/local and center/ periphery, and offers new directions for understanding television’s contemporary incarnations. The chapters in this collection take up the format phenomena from around the globe, including the Middle East, Western and Eastern Europe, South and West Africa, South and East Asia, Australia and New Zealand, North America, South America, and the Caribbean. Contributors address both little known examples and massive global hits ranging from the Idol franchise around the world, to telenovelas, dance competitions, sports programming, reality TV, quiz shows, sitcoms and more." (Publisher description)
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"This paper presents the results of the UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) pilot survey on media statistics conducted in 28 countries in 2011. The survey instruments were designed to provide an initial set of quantitative indicators identified by UNESCO’s Media Development Indicators project. G
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iven the limitations of this sample survey, this report is intended to highlight the scope of the questionnaire items while describing initial results. Further analysis of the indicators and trends will be made in the future as the data collection is expanded to include a greater number of countries. Chapter 1 focuses on indicators related to the regulatory environment in which media operate across countries. Chapter 2 presents data on the supply of different types of media (radio, television, newspapers) before discussing distribution by ownership and geographic coverage, as well as the availability of radio and television equipment and related issues on the penetration of broadcast media channels within each country." (Introduction)
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"The new priorities include: 1. Expanding the access in developing countries to digital platforms. 2. Devising and promoting uses for new platforms (especially mobile) for functions that occupy a new, poorly defined space between traditional journalism and other modes of information. 3. Contesting o
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nline censorship and filtering from governments (most, but not all, of which are authoritarian regimes). 4. Safeguarding Internet security for citizens of other countries, especially for activists and human rights advocates. 5. Stemming a growing tide of threats to global Internet security–affecting U.S. as well as international entities–from a broad array of international forces, both private and state-sponsored. These urgent concerns have shifted the areas of operations for the State Department, USAID, and the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG), and have created new rivalries among them. They have also ushered a new cohort of NGOs into the media development arena, and appointed a new cast of characters to design and implement projects that would have been technologically impossible only a few years ago." (Abstract)
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"From the massacre of the Sioux Indians at Wounded Knee to the torture of prisoners at Abu Ghraib, from famine in China to apartheid in South Africa, Picturing Atrocity examines a broad spectrum of photographs. Each of the essays focuses specifically on an iconic image, offering a distinct approach
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and context, in order to enable us to look again; and this time more closely at the picture. In addition, four photo-essays showcase the work of photographers involved in the making of photographs of brutality as well as the artists' own reflections on these images. Together these essays cover the historical and geographical range of atrocity photographs and respond to current concerns about such disturbing images; they probe why we as viewers feel compelled to look even when our instinct might be to look away." (Publisher description)
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"The SuBMoJour study has mapped journalistic startups in nine countries. It has created an online database detailing the business models of journalistic startups that are deemed sustainable (www.SuBMoJour.net) and this accompanying narrative report. The study supports research to date that online en
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vironments offer the necessary market characteristics for niche journalistic sites and content production. There is a rich and diverse set of media case studies in the database, all with their unique interpretation of serving communities or reportage. The study was carried out across 12 months with a team of international researchers. Where it was hard to evidence entirely new revenue sources, it was however possible to find new ways in which revenue sources have been combined or reconfigured. Most of the 69 case studies have diversified their income to include more than one revenue source. As such, there is potential innovation in new business models by way of combining revenue sources in new and interesting ways to make their sites profitable in the long term. Some sites, particularly those born to support products, which were very much of the net, have rebundled or recombined revenue streams in relatively innovative ways." (Conclusion, page 116)
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"Audience segmentation is generally associated with strategic communication (such as advertising and public relations), where content is manipulated to suit reader preferences. News has generally been considered truth-telling unvarnished by such concerns. This article compares how news of the same h
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umanitarian crisis [in Darfur, Sudan] was designed by 10 news organizations in seven countries for different market segments. Comparisons showed statistically significant differences in representation, influenced in part by what the audience-market was. Like advertising, news seemed to share an attribute with the strategic design of advertising and public relations. Increasingly carried online, news will be vulnerable to click-based customization of content like advertising is, taking us beyond currently observed geopolitical influences on segmentation to advertiser and market-based differences." (Abstract)
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"This article addresses several fundamental questions about faith-based media literacy education in the United States, including how the assumptions, motivations, goals, and pedagogy of those Christians who are operating within a media literacy framework come together to create a unique approach to
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teaching media literacy. After briefly reviewing Christian engagement with media, as well as the history of faith-based media literacy education in this country, this paper examines the philosophical and theoretical assumptions of scholars and practitioners, identifies practical applications, and concludes by suggesting some ways in which this sub-field might develop in the years to come." (Abstract)
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"Chapters explore what happens in praxis when digital media are implemented across cultures and are contested and negotiated within complex local and political conditions. The book showcases interpretative and critical research from voices with diverse backgrounds, from locations around the world."
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(Publisher description)
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"The evaluation demonstrates that the Citizen Exchange programs have been highly effective in meeting their goals, from short-term changes in individuals’ skills and knowledge to long-term changes within and beyond their media organizations. Indeed, the programs produced tangible results in respon
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dents’ orientation towards their careers and their organizations’ professional practices. When they returned to work, participants applied new skills, adopted new professional or ethical standards, and developed new processes for writing, investigative journalism, and reporting on new subjects. They had substantively enhanced their knowledge of human rights, women in society, anti-corruption, the environment and trafficking in persons. Similarly, they gained a significantly increased understanding of how to access and integrate new technologies and alternative media." (Conclusion, page 133)
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"This report is the third in a series of comprehensive studies of internet freedom around the globe and covers developments in 47 countries that occurred between January 2011 and May 2012. Over 50 researchers, nearly all based in the countries they analyzed, contributed to the project by researching
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laws and practices relevant to the internet, testing the accessibility of select websites, and interviewing a wide range of sources. This year's findings indicate that restrictions on internet freedom in many countries have continued to grow, though the methods of control are slowly evolving, becoming more sophisticated and less visible. Brutal attacks against bloggers, politically motivated surveillance, proactive manipulation of web content, and restrictive laws regulating speech online are among the diverse threats to internet freedom emerging over the past two years. Nevertheless, several notable victories have also occurred as a result of greater activism by civil society, technology companies, and independent courts, illustrating that efforts to advance internet freedom can yield results." (www.freedomhouse.org, January 14, 2013)
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"The case study of Station ELWA [ = Eternal Love Wins Africa] from 1954 to 1970 exemplifies how conservative evangelical radio missions operated worldwide during the postwar period. Radio missionaries with Station ELWA demonstrated a capacity for creativity in communication, forming part of an histo
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ric pattern among American evangelicals that dates back to the Great Awakening." (Conclusion)
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"This report examines seven central areas of media development—funding, digital media, sustainability, media law, journalists' safety, journalism education, and monitoring and evaluation. It also delves in-depth into four areas deserving of greater attention: citizen journalism, investigative jour
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nalism, community radio, and media literacy. The report recommends to expand funding, to prioritise long-term commitment, to better coordinate and cooperate, to integrate digital media into all aspects of media development, to strengthen citizen journalists' capacities, to teach media business skills, to emphasize legal issues, to support investigative journalism, to address impunity for journalist attacks, to modernize journalism education, to invest in community radio and to embed evaluation into all projects." (commbox)
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