"The first book in Why We Post, a book series that investigates the findings of nine anthropologists who each spent 15 months living in communities across the world, including Brazil, Chile, China, England, India, Italy, Trinidad and Turkey. This book offers a comparative analysis summarising the re
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sults of the research and exploring the impact of social media on politics and gender, education and commerce. What is the result of the increased emphasis on visual communication? Are we becoming more individual or more social? Why is public social media so conservative? Why does equality online fail to shift inequality offline? How did memes become the moral police of the internet? Supported by an introduction to the project’s academic framework and theoretical terms that help to account for the findings, the book argues that the only way to appreciate and understand something as intimate and ubiquitous as social media is to be immersed in the lives of the people who post. Only then can we discover how people all around the world have already transformed social media in such unexpected ways and assess the consequences." (Back cover)
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"Now in paperback for the first time, the Handbook is an academic adaptation of information contained in the Global Report on the Status of Women in News Media, a study commissioned by the International Women's Media Foundation. The book's editor was the principal investigator of the original study.
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This text draws together the most robust data from that original study, presenting it in 29 chapters on individual nations and three additional theoretical chapters. The book is the most expansive effort to date to consider women's standing in the journalism profession across the world. Contents organize nations in relation to their progress within newsrooms, with those most advanced in gender equality representing diversity in terms of region and national development. Contributing authors are, in most cases, the original researchers for their respective nations in the Global Report study." (Publisher description)
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"[This] report is an inaugural effort to gain a better understanding of how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) worldwide use online technology to communicate with their supporters and donors. Over the last two decades the NGO sector has embraced Internet technology, but at varying speeds based up
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on the Internet infrastructure of the country in which they reside. Social, economic, and political factors in each of the world’s countries have either hastened or hindered the development of Internet infrastructure, yet there is little research that compares NGOs globally and their use of online technology." (Page 2)
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"Esta pesquisa tem por escopo averiguar como se dá a construção da identidade do sacerdote católico no ciberespaço no contexto da intersecção entre comunicação, cibercultura e religião. Considerando que a identidade é construída por meio de narrativas, a investigação tem por objetivo a
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nalisar as identidades produzidas no ciberespaço a partir dos recursos técnicos disponibilizados na ambiência digital, mais especificamente no site pessoal do sacerdote. Inicialmente, a investigação busca, na filosofia, a fundamentação teórica da identidade a partir dos pensadores da antiguidade: Heráclito, Parmênides e Aristóteles, e da modernidade: René Descartes, David Hume e John Locke. Em seguida situa a identidade no contexto da cultura, recorrendo a autores como Stuart Hall, Anthony Giddens e Zygmunt Bauman, cuja realidade abarca as invenções técnicas no campo da comunicação, que queremos aprofundar auxiliando-nos dos estudos de Marshall McLuhan, Douglas Kellner e Dominique Wolton e especificamente o ciberespaço, nas sendas de pesquisadores como Pierre Levy, Lucia Santaella e André Lemos. Sopesando que o objeto de análise, no contexto do ciberespaço, é a identidade do sacerdote católico, a segunda parte da investigação visa situar o sacerdote na instituição “Igreja Católica” e a aprofundar a relação desta como a comunicação, buscando referencial teórico nos Documentos da Igreja e em pesquisadores como Joana Puntel, Antonio Spadaro, Jorge Miklos e Moisés Sbardelotto. Por fim, na terceira parte, a investigação, por meio de método qualitativo, analisa sites de quatro conhecidos sacerdotes da mídia brasileira (Pe. Reginaldo Manzotti, Pe. Marcelo Rossi, Pe. Juarez de Castro e Pe. Fábio de Melo), no sentido de delinear como são construídas e desconstruídas suas identidades nas estratégias programadas da plataforma digital." (Resumo)
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"This article shows how results were merged from a study conducted in four countries-Australia, the Philippines, South Africa and Mexico-in which differently versioned television news stories about conflict were played to audiences, and their responses gathered through a mix of methods, to yield bot
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h quantitative and qualitative results. These versions were coded according to the Peace Journalism model, a set of distinctions in the representation of conflict, originally conceived by Johan Galtung. A Peace Journalism bulletin and a War Journalism bulletin were produced in each country. Viewer responses-both emotional and cognitive-showed significant differences, depending on which version they watched. This article compares selected stories in each country, which had the strongest measured effects in the original study, and identifies common thematic elements. The most significant of these is that, in the Peace Journalism version of each of the selected stories bar one, viewers were provided with the personal narrative of a carefully chosen individual protagonist, which prompted both their empathy and, through that, their cognitive engagement with counter-hegemonic arguments in favour of non-violent conflict responses." (Abstract)
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"This chapter will analyze women’s access to and participation in Mexico’s news media. At the intersections of feminism and the political economy of communication, we will put into context the findings for Mexico in the Global Report on the Status of Women in the News Media (Global Report) (Byer
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ly 2011). Our purpose is to establish that the access and participation of women in Mexico’s news media are (a) identified by gender inequality, (b) subject to a structural problem and not just an accident or a circumstance exclusive of one industry, (c) marked by structural inequality, i.e., the higher the position, the wider the gap of gender inequality, and (d) defined by a gender division of labor that is a feature of the incorporation of women to these industries." (Abstract)
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"This chapter examines the history and development of Popular Cultural Action (Acción Cultural Popular, or ACPO), the multipronged project of Christian revitalization, local empowerment, and communitybased development whose radio education network, Radio Sutatenza, founded by a Colombian parish pri
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est in 1947 to address rural adult illiteracy, became Latin America’s first Catholic radio network and the model for media-based rural education and community development programs in twenty-four countries throughout Latin America, Asia, and Africa. In nearly a half century of existence, ACPO published and distributed more than six million cartillas (illustrated instructional manuals) for its five-point “Fundamental Integral Education” (EFI) program, which included Alphabet, Numbers, Health, Economy and Work, and Practical Spirituality; distributed seventy-six million copies of the newspaper El Campesino; received and answered 1.2 million letters from rural listeners and readers; graduated twenty-three thousand Colombian and foreign radio auxiliaries and community leaders from its training institutes; logged 1.4 million hours of educational broadcasting; and pressed 690,000 records. By 1990, when ACPO was forced to shutter its press and record-cutting studios and sell off its 245 radio network and buildings, it had a presence in hundreds of rural parishes stretched across the length and breadth of Colombia, and its broadcasts and educational materials were frequently acknowledged as inspiration for many a professional of rural origin. ACPO was but one among many other Colombian projects inspired by Leo XIII’s Rerum novarum (1891) and spearheaded by both laypeople and clergy that emerged in the period before Vatican II to redress longstanding social, economic, and cultural inequalities made more acute in the first half of the twentieth century by the specter of totalitarianism, economic crisis, rural migration, urbanization, and incipient industrialization. This chapter traces the history of ACPO between 1947 and 1962. It grew from modest origins, conducting adult rural literacy work and basic community-centered development in three small, Central Andean settlements supported by local in-kind contributions and a small diocesan subsidy. Gradually, it would expand into a multimedia-based educational juggernaut with transnational influence, partners, and funding lauded by Pope Pius XII in a 1953 Vatican Radio broadcast heard throughout Latin America. By the late 1950s, ACPO was held as the model for Catholic-directed, radio-based rural education and community development. ACPO’s success and eventual influence beyond Colombia’s borders was partly the result of Catholic transnational activism occurring in the decades before Vatican II. Efforts to redress the excesses of unrestrained capitalism and to build a community based in papal encyclicals such as Rerum novarum or Quadragesimo anno, even when they stopped short of advocating the kind of structural, grassroots Christian base community approach embraced by Liberation theology, I suggest, laid the foundations for participatory and transformative forms of social action that emerged after Vatican II." (Pages 245-246)
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"El informe ofrece una sección breve de antecedentes y contextualización del sistema mediático peruano, para seguidamente exponer y analizar las principales disposiciones que sobre concentración de medios se encuentran en la Constitución, leyes y reglamentos específicos. Propone, así mismo, u
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na aproximación a la implementación de las políticas y regulación por parte de las autoridades competentes; y presenta también los principales temas de debate y discursos predominantes en torno a la concentración y la configuración de monopolios y oligopolios. Finalmente, el documento ofrece un conjunto de conclusiones y recomendaciones que, conjuntamente con los resultados del Monitoreo de Propiedad de Medios (MOM) y la constatación de vínculos de los propietarios con otros sectores económicos y políticos, podrían aportar a un debate sobre alternativas de política pública orientada a promover una mayor pluralidad política y diversidad cultural en el ámbito de los medios de comunicación, ampliando el ejercicio de la libertad de expresión y aportando al proceso de consolidación de la democracia en el Perú." (Presentación, página 2)
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"Commercial Nationalism intervenes in discussions of the fate of nationalism and national identity by exploring the relationship between state appropriation of marketing and branding strategies on the one hand, and, on the other, the commercial mobilization of nationalist discourses. The book's uniq
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ue contribution is to consider an emerging formation characterized by the following complementary (and related) developments: the ways in which states come increasingly to rely on commercial techniques for self-promotion, diplomacy, and internal national mobilization, and also the ways in which new and legacy forms of commercial media rely on the mobilization emerging configurations of nationalism for the purpose of selling, gaining ratings, and otherwise profiting. We see this formation as a unique reconfiguration of the formation of nationalism associated with the contemporary context. Often these processes are approached separately: what is the economic role of nationalism and how do media participate in the formation of national identity?" (Publisher description)
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"The 45 country reports gathered here illustrate the link between the internet and economic, social and cultural rights (ESCRs). Some of the topics will be familiar to information and communications technology for development (ICT4D) activists: the right to health, education and culture; the socioec
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onomic empowerment of women using the internet; the inclusion of rural and indigenous communities in the information society; and the use of ICT to combat the marginalisation of local languages. Others deal with relatively new areas of exploration, such as using 3D printing technology to preserve cultural heritage, creating participatory community networks to capture an “inventory of things” that enables socioeconomic rights, crowdfunding rights, or the negative impact of algorithms on calculating social benefits. Workers’ rights receive some attention, as does the use of the internet during natural disasters. Ten thematic reports frame the country reports. These deal both with overarching concerns when it comes to ESCRs and the internet – such as institutional frameworks and policy considerations – as well as more specific issues that impact on our rights: the legal justification for online education resources, the plight of migrant domestic workers, the use of digital databases to protect traditional knowledge from biopiracy, digital archiving, and the impact of multilateral trade deals on the international human rights framework. The reports highlight the institutional and country-level possibilities and challenges that civil society faces in using the internet to enable ESCRs. They also suggest that in a number of instances, individuals, groups and communities are using the internet to enact their socioeconomic and cultural rights in the face of disinterest, inaction or censure by the state." (Back cover)
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"La radio en Bolivia tiene una larga historia, iniciada desde los ensayos experimentales de la propagación de ondas radioeléctricas operados mucho antes de la llegada y madurez de esta tecnología, en 1929. La presencia de este medio ha estado marcada desde su inicio por su acompañamiento estrech
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o a la dinámica social y cultural del pueblo boliviano. Asimismo, ha sido pionera de la introducción de formas de hacer radio que décadas después aparecerían como propuestas teóricas en el campo teórico de la comunicación social. La radio es y ha sido un medio democratizador de la palabra, y esta cualidad tiene como elemento determinante la cualidad oral de la sociedad boliviana resultado de su carácter indígena-originario. La metodología de la educación por entretenimiento se propone mundialmente como un recurso para generar procesos de cambio social, y dentro de ella se ejecuta en Bolivia el Programa "Voces nuestras", que reaviva la experiencia de contar historias para cambiar vidas." (Resumen)
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"This piece examines the historical construction of a Lusophone cultural-linguistic media space and market that spans portions of Europe, Africa, and South America. Beginning with the Portuguese colonization of Brazil and Lusophone Africa in the 17th century and continuing to the contemporary moment
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, our discussion examines how a combination of political, ideological, and economic patterns created linkages between Portugal, Brazil, and Portuguese-speaking colonies in Africa (namely Angola, Cape Verde, and Mozambique). After examining how Brazil grew to become the dominant cultural producer in this transnational matrix (most explicitly expressed through the massive exports of telenovelas and music since the late 1970s), we examine how other countries are beginning to carve out distinctive national niches, including the contemporary music scene in Cape Verde and the rise of domestically produced telenovelas in Portugal and Angola that are increasing in circulation in the contemporary transnational Lusophone media space." (Abstract)
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"For many years, the media development conversation regarding Cuba has largely focused on the country’s harsh censorship practices and other restrictions on freedom of expression. Those concerns remain. But with the opening of relations with the United States over the past two years, the conversat
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ion has widened. U.S. government and business interests have reengaged with Cuba, and the clock is highly unlikely to be rolled back. There is going to be more digital media in Cuba, and more Cubans are going to go online. The Internet will continue to advance, and the regime’s old monolithic message will become less possible to sustain. The future of journalism is impossible to predict in Cuba, other than to say it is bound to get better. The Cuban journalism of the future is likely to skew to online platforms." (Conclusion)
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"¿Para qué una guía que acompañe el video sobre la autogestión territorial indígena? Esta guía permite utilizar el video como una herramienta de capacitación: sirve de orientación para facilitadores/as de talleres de capacitación sobre el derecho a la autogestión territorial indígena; pr
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oporciona directrices y pautas metodológicas para compartir e intercambiar conocimientos; representa un recurso didáctico para dar a conocer experiencias que generen procesos de reflexión y debate." (Página 6)
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"En 2013 inició operaciones la primera red de Telefonía Celular Comunitaria indígena en la comunidad Villa Talea de Castro en la Sierra Norte del estado de Oaxaca, en un esquema de red privada y utilizando un segmento del espectro atribuido a uso libre. En 2014, la entonces llamada Comisión Fede
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ral de Telecomunicaciones aprobó una concesión experimental en la banda de 850 MHz en el segmento 845-849/890-894 que después fue ratificada y otorgada por el Instituto Federal de Telecomunicaciones. Esta concesión experimental tenía como finalidad identificar nuevos equipos para prestar el servicio de telefonía en comunidades rurales apartadas no cubiertas. El experimento, más allá de una prueba de equipos, pretendía demostrar que bajo un nuevo esquema técnico, organizativo y económico era posible prestar servicios de telefonía celular de manera sostenible en localidades consideradas comercialmente inviables. Al finalizar el periodo de la concesión experimental, el sistema contaba con 19 localidades de entre 200 a 3 mil habitantes operando bajo el esquema propuesto, lo que mostraba no sólo su viabilidad sino su posibilidad de expansión a otras comunidades a las que por años les había sido negado el servicio. Asimismo, la puesta en marcha de este sistema había propiciado entre los operadores tradicionales el nacimiento de esquemas que permitían atender a localidades rurales que antes no habían atendido, aunque de mayor tamaño (4 mil habitantes y más). El éxito del esquema dio lugar a un nuevo marco jurídico y a una modificación en la administración del espectro que, por primera vez en el mundo, asignaba una porción de espectro atribuido al servicio de telefonía celular para uso social [...] El presente manual es el resultado de dos años de investigación en los que, a partir de la sistematización de la experiencia, se identificaron elementos esenciales presentes en el modelo que posibilite a otros interesados la aplicación de un modelo similar en otras regiones de México o incluso en otros países. El manual está dirigido tanto a diseñadores de política pública, emprendedores sociales y comunidades interesadas en instrumentar el modelo de Telefonía Celular Comunitaria para atender necesidades de comunicación en zonas apartadas y distantes." (Presentación, página 5-6)
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"El objetivo que se ha perseguido con esta antología es el de presentar el desarrollo histórico del cine mexicano durante 80 años, así como también el de dar a conocer la riqueza de los temas y géneros que caracteriza la producción cinematográfi ca de México, desde sus principios hasta las
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realizaciones más recientes. Al panorama que se ofrece aquí han contribuido 31 artículos dedicados a obras claves y emblemáticas. Cada uno de ellos vincula un análisis detallado con los contextos políticos, sociales, culturales y estéticos que infl uyen en las respectivas películas. La fase que abarcan en general va desde la llamada Edad de Oro, pasando por las décadas de los setenta y ochenta —marcadas por una profunda crisis económica y artística—, y los inicios de un nuevo cine independiente, en los años noventa, hasta llegar, fi nalmente, a los éxitos internacionales a partir del 2000. Tales tendencias y características del cine mexicano se presentan a la luz de varios paradigmas metodológicos e históricos, entre los cuales se hallan la sociología y el psicoanálisis, las ciencias culturales y los estudios de género. Así, entre contextualizaciones históricas, el lector encontrará también nuevos enfoques teóricos, conclusiones y observaciones que podrá profundizar con selecciones de bibliografías sobre las películas analizadas, con informaciones sobre sus directores, guionistas y actores, y en algunos casos, además, con aspectos relacionados con la producción y la recepción." (Introducción)
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