"In Latin America, several countries’ laws permit the president to commandeer all radio and television broadcasts. Initially contemplated for use in rare circumstances such as national emergencies, a few leaders in the region, beginning with Venezuela’s Hugo Chávez, have taken advantage of thes
...
e laws to create an unprecedented media bully pulpit that has been an essential part of their populist politics. This report explores how these obligatory presidential broadcasts have become a routine occurrence in Venezuela, Argentina, and Ecuador with troubling implications for public debate. The report also surveys the legal and regulatory frameworks across the region for lessons on how presidential communication authority can be restricted to prevent this kind of abuse in the future." (Key findings)
more
"O Atlas da Notícia é uma iniciativa para mapear veículos produtores de notícias – especialmente de jornalismo local – no território brasileiro. Identificamos e mapeamos veículos que publicam, mesmo que só esparsamente, notícias de interesse público – sejam impressos ou digitais – e
...
com periodicidade diária, semanal ou quinzenal. Estamos falando de produtores de notícias sobre a prefeitura e a câmara municipal e temas como contas públicas, saúde, educação, segurança, mobilidade e meio-ambiente. O projeto é uma iniciativa do o Instituto para o Desenvolvimento do Jornalismo (Projor), mantenedor do Observatório da Imprensa, em parceria com Volt Data Lab. O Atlas da Notícia é inspirado no projeto America’s Growing News Desert, da revista Columbia Journalism Review, que mapeou a presença de jornais nos Estados Unidos em meio às mudanças no modelo de negócios do jornalismo que levaram ao fechamento de diversos veículos. A metododologia do projeto é baseada, principalmente, na contabilização de veículos de notícia no Brasil, seja através de pesquisa própria como de colaboração de terceiros. A primeira ediçao do Atlas da Notícia foi publicada em novembro de 2017, com um recorte sobre jornais impressos e veículos online de notícias." (https://www.atlas.jor.br/institucional/sobre-o-atlas-da-noticia)
more
"The report is based on a survey of more than 70,000 people in 36 markets, along with additional qualitative research, which together make it the most comprehensive ongoing comparative study of news consumption in the world. A key focus remains in Europe where we have added Slovakia, Croatia, and Ro
...
mania for the first time – but we have also added four markets in Asia (Taiwan, Hong Kong, Malaysia, and Singapore) along with three additional Latin American countries (Argentina, Chile, and Mexico) [...] In particular we have focused on two areas: (1) the extent to which people are prepared to pay for news or the different ways journalism might be funded in the future, and (2) understanding more about some of the drivers of low, and in some cases declining, trust in the media. For the first time we’ve attempted to measure and visualise relative levels of media polarisation across countries and identify a link between media polarisation and trust. Another focus has been on the media’s relationship with platforms – in particular how news is discovered and consumed within distributed environments such as social media, search, and online aggregators." (Foreword)
more
"Kolumbien verfügt über ein hybrides Mediensystem (Voltmer 2012: 238), das autoritäre und demokratische Merkmale miteinander kombiniert. Die Entwicklung des Mediensystems wird in diesem Beitrag als Konsequenz aus der Kombination formal demokratischer Institutionen mit einer oligarchischen Renten
...
konomie interpretiert." (Seite 541)
more
"Se presenta un análisis temático de tres debates parlamentarios claves para el tema de la libertad de expresión en el ámbito mediático en Chile desde la vuelta a la democracia: la discusión en torno a la Ley de Prensa 1993–2001, el Informe de la Comisión Especial sobre las Libertades de Pe
...
nsamiento y Expresión 2007–2010 y el debate de la Ley de Televisión Digital 2008–2014. En todos ellos, la batalla principal se ha librado por el significado mismo de la libertad de expresión, por su contenido meramente negativo —como la libertad de “injerencia” estatal— o el positivo que supone un Estado activo. Los ganadores de los debates argumentaron en contra de la regulación viéndola como una intromisión estatal limitante para el mercado, y reduciendo así la noción de la libertad de expresión a la libertad de empresa." (Resumen)
more
"El trabajo describe y analiza la diversidad de prácticas religiosas de habitantes de villas de Buenos Aires. Se basa en datos agregados relevados con un cuestionario aplicado a una muestra representativa de residentes de estos territorios. Se presenta primero una discusión sobre el concepto de re
...
ligiosidad popular del que surge la aproximación al de prácticas religiosas que guía el análisis. Presentamos luego la incidencia y característica de dieciocho prácticas, comparando, donde es posible, con datos del Atlas de las creencias religiosas coordinado por Mallimaci (2013). Ahondamos con mayor profundidad en algunas de ellas: la de efectuar una promesa y la de tener altares en espacios domésticos; exploramos asimismo el peso de los medios de comunicación e internet como espacios que sostienen algunas prácticas y su incidencia en la ruptura con la identidad territorial de estos pobladores. Finalizamos analizando la autopercepción sobre el grado de práctica y su cambio a lo largo del tiempo, concluyendo que esta pareciera mantenerse estable y conformándose como una dimensión que acompaña «naturalmente» sus vidas. Los interrogantes del trabajo son: ¿cuáles son y qué características tienen las prácticas religiosas? ¿Qué expresan? ¿Qué vinculación tienen con los marcos institucionales religiosos? ¿Cómo se vinculan con los territorios en los que habitan? ¿Cuál es la vinculación entre prácticas y vivencias religiosas?" (Resumen)
more
"The Argentinian Law 26.522 on Audiovisual Communication Services (currently under reform) aimed at democratizing the media arena by recognizing multiple actors such as community broadcasters, school and indigenous media, among others. According to the legal classification, community broadcasters we
...
re regulated as private non-profit media, despite having specific objectives, programming, organizational logic and economic conditions. Conversely, school and indigenous media merged into the public sector, even if they may act as community media. The article compares results arising from two research projects carried out in Northern Argentina through in-depth interviews with key informants from two indigenous radio stations and two school radio stations. The theoretical framework mainly draws on literature about community, alternative and popular communication. Results show that communities participate in such media foundation or management and that media content deals with cultural and political issues related to their interests or needs. Indeed, emerging features allow considering such broadcasters as community media." (Abstract)
more
"Press freedom worldwide deteriorated to its lowest point in 13 years in 2016, driven by unprecedented threats to journalists and media outlets in major democracies, intensified crackdowns on independent media in authoritarian settings, and moves by the Russian and Chinese regimes to increase their
...
influence beyond their borders. The share of the world’s population that enjoys a Free press according to the Freedom of the Press report criteria stood at just 13 percent, meaning fewer than one in seven people live in countries where coverage of political news is robust, the safety of journalists is guaranteed, state intrusion in media affairs is minimal, and the press is not subject to onerous legal or economic pressures." (Page 3)
more
"With regards to professional role orientations, Chilean journalists found it most important to report things as they are and to provide analysis of current affairs. The relevance of these “classic” roles was fairly undisputed among the interviewed journalists as the relatively low standard devi
...
ations indicate. Likewise, there was a strong consensus among the respondents over the little importance of acting as an adversary of the government and conveying a positive image of political leadership. Still, a majority of journalists in Chile found it important to educate the audience, to promote tolerance an cultural diversity, to let people express their views, to influence public opinion, to monitor and scrutinize political leaders, to tell stories about the world, to provide information people need to make political decisions, to monitor and scrutinize business, and to advocate for social change. Only a minority of respondents supported roles like providing entertainment and relaxation, motivating people to participate in political activity, supporting government policy, being an adversary of the government, and conveying a positive image of political leadership." (Journalistic roles, pages 1-2)
more
"With regards to professional role orientations, Brazilian journalists found it most important to report things as they are, to promote tolerance and cultural diversity, to be a detached observer, to let people express their views, and to provide analysis of current affairs (see Table 1). These resu
...
lts express the relevance of the “classic” roles of journalism as indicated by the quite low standard deviations. There was also a consensus among the respondents over the little importance of conveying a positive image of political leadership, being an adversary of the government, and supporting government policy. Most of Brazilian journalists supported politically assertive roles, like advocating for social change, providing information people need to make political decisions, monitoring and scrutinizing political leaders, and supporting national development. On the other hand, the interviewees consider less important to provide entertainment and relaxation, and to monitor and scrutinize business." (Journalistic roles, page 2)
more