Filter
228
Featured
Free Access
152
Key Guidance
1
Top Insights
22
Topics
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
50
Media Law & Regulation
44
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
33
Journalism Education & Training
21
Journalistic Quality
18
Media Assistance
18
Associations & Networks of Journalists
17
Media Management
16
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
13
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
13
War Reporting
11
Media & Communication Policies
10
Public Service Broadcasting
10
Media Ownership
9
Audiences & Users
7
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
7
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
7
Internet
7
Self-Regulation of Media
7
Democracy / Democratization and Media
7
Radio
7
Television
7
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
6
Media Markets
6
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
6
Media Outlets, Media Associations
6
Genocides
5
Conflicts and Media
5
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
5
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
5
International Communication
5
Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
5
Television Channels
5
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
4
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
4
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
4
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
4
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
4
ICT Regulation
4
Economics of Media
4
Ethics in Media & Communication
4
Female Journalists & Media Workers
4
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
4
News Agencies
4
Press Landscapes
4
Radio Landscapes
4
Television Landscapes
4
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
4
Magazines
4
Newspapers
4
Telecommunication Infrastructure
4
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
3
Advertising Markets & Industries
3
Media Use, Media Consumption
3
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
3
War & Political Violence in Cinema
3
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
3
Freedom of Expression
3
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
3
Holocaust
3
Civil Wars
3
Dealing With the Past
3
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
3
Transitional Justice Reporting
3
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
3
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
3
Digital & Information Literacy
3
ICT Indicators
3
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
3
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
3
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
3
Defamation Law & Regulation
3
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
3
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
3
Journalism
3
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
3
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
3
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
3
Politics and Media
3
Propaganda
3
Political Transition and Media
3
Corruption & Combating Corruption
3
Digital Television
3
Television Programmes & Genres
3
Access to Media & Information
2
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
2
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
2
Media Use: Public Service & State Media
2
Mobile Phone Use
2
Child Abuse: Digital Media
2
Censorship
2
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
2
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
2
Crime & Violence Reporting
2
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
2
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
2
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
2
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
2
Democracy Assistance
2
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
2
Communicating Development Projects, Media in Development Programmes
2
Digital Media Landscapes
2
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
2
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
2
Online Services
2
Ecological Footprint & Sustainability of Digitalization, E-Waste & Recycling
2
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
2
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
2
ICT Industries & Markets
2
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
2
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
2
Media Industries
2
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
2
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
2
Communication for Sustainable Development
2
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
2
Image Ethics, Ethics in Photojournalism
2
Press Councils
2
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
2
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
2
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
2
Satellite Television
2
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
2
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
2
Political Reporting
2
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
2
Media Assistance: Interaction with Military Communication Strategies
2
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
2
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
2
USA: Media Assistance
2
Media & Information Literacy
2
Judiciary & Penal System
2
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
2
Broadcasting Companies
2
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
2
Democracy
2
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
2
Press
2
Public Media, State Media
2
Public & State Television
2
Radio Stations
2
Satellite Radios
2
Islam and Communication
2
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
2
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
2
Digital Switchover
2
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
2
Television Transmitters
2
Regional Television
2
Visual Communication
2
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
1
Advertising
1
Government Advertising, State Advertising
1
Advocacy & Political Films
1
Celebrity Humanitarianism
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
1
Empowerment
1
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
1
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
1
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Area & Regional Studies
1
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
1
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
1
Media Use: Entertainment
1
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
1
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
1
Campaign Strategies
1
Campaigning: Experiences
1
Election Campaigns
1
International Media Events
1
Catholic Church
1
Catholic Media
1
Catholic Press
1
Sesame Street (Children's Television Programme)
1
Christian Churches & Denominations
1
Homiletics, Preaching, Sermons
1
Violence in the Media: Film
1
Communication Rights
1
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
1
Digital Rights
1
Intellectual Property
1
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
1
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
1
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
1
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
1
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
1
Communication Strategies
1
Crisis Communication
1
Government Communication Strategies
1
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
1
International Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Public Relations
1
Development Aid Public Relations, Development Public Awareness Raising
1
Community Media
1
Community Radios
1
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
1
Participatory Communication
1
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
1
Ethnic Conflicts
1
International Conflicts
1
Perpetrators
1
Reconciliation Work
1
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
1
Wars
1
Bosnia War (1992-1995)
1
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
1
War Crimes
1
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
1
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
1
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
1
Media Assistance: Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation
1
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
1
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
1
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
1
Arts
1
Theatre for Development
1
Visual Arts, Painting
1
Collective Identities & Media
1
Cultural Diversity
1
Literature
1
Multicultural Societies, Multiethnic Societies
1
Popular Cultures
1
Religion and Culture
1
Development Assistance
1
Donor Coordination, Funder Collaboration, Aid Harmonsation
1
Church Development Cooperation
1
Donor Agencies
1
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
1
USAID - Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI)
1
World Bank
1
Development Communication Projects: Case Studies
1
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
1
Communication for Social Change
1
Development Communication: Monitoring & Evaluation
1
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
1
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
1
Governance & Accountability: Role of Digital Communication
1
ICANN
1
Electronic Commerce
1
Digital Political Communication
1
Digital Media Markets
1
Open Access Publishing
1
Social Media
1
TikTok
1
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
1
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
1
Digitalization, Environment & Sustainable Development
1
ICTs and Development
1
ICT Policies
1
Information Society
1
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
1
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
1
Albinism
1
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
1
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
1
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
1
Minorities
1
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
1
Minority Rights
1
Romani People
1
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
1
Disaster Relief & Humanitarian Aid Reporting
1
Famines: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Infectious Diseases' Outbreak Communication
1
International Humanitarian Crisis Reporting, Foreign Disaster Reporting
1
Documenting Human Rights Violations
1
Video on Demand
1
Economy
1
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
1
Energy Supply, Electricity
1
Investments
1
Journalism / Communication Training Centers
1
Mobile Learning
1
Climate, Climate Change, Climate Change Adaptation
1
Environmental Organizations
1
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
1
Journalism Ethics
1
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
1
Bias in News Media
1
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
1
Feminism & Communication
1
Gender & Religious Communication
1
Women's Organizations
1
Health Communication
1
Health: Media Representation (Factual & Fictional)
1
HIV / AIDS Communication
1
History (General)
1
History of Communication: Islam
1
Slavery, Slaves
1
Indigenous Languages
1
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
1
Foreign News, International News
1
Glocalization of Media
1
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
1
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
1
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
1
Foreign Policies
1
International Organizations
1
Council of Europe
1
European Union (EU)
1
UNESCO
1
United Nations (UN)
1
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
1
UNICEF
1
Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
1
Investigative Journalism
1
Journalists
1
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
1
Youth Journalists, Youth Correspondents, Youth Media Volunteers
1
Labour Market for Journalists
1
Television News
1
Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN)
1
Photojournalism
1
Foreign Cultures & Peoples: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
1
Linguistic Diversity
1
Minority Languages
1
Local Television
1
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
1
Media Assistance: Impacts, Effectiveness, Efficiency
1
Media Assistance: Self-Regulation, Accountability & Transparency of Media
1
Media Assistance: Television
1
Media Assistance: Training Institutions
1
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
1
Communication Networks
1
Presentation of Information
1
Media, Mass Media
1
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
1
Media Literacy: Curricula
1
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
1
Economic / Social / Cultural Rights
1
Human Rights
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Ombudsmen
1
Regulatory Bodies
1
Television Law & Regulation
1
Transitional Justice
1
Change & Process Management
1
Failures, Mistakes, Shortcomings: Experiences & Learnings
1
Financing Public Service Media
1
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
1
Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas & Media
1
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
1
Politics
1
Clientelism
1
Political Doctrines
1
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
1
Political Transition
1
Election Campaigns: Social Media
1
Framing
1
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
1
Public Spheres
1
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
1
Emotions in Communication & Media
1
Buddhism
1
Interreligious Dialogue
1
Islam
1
Islamist Communications & Media
1
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
1
Discrimination
1
Society
1
Civil Society
1
Social Change
1
Social Policies
1
Informatics
1
Telecommunications
1
Open Broadcast Network (Bosnia)
1
Television Networks
1
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
1
Theories of Communication & Media
1
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
1
Youth and Media
1
Language
Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
Media Sustainability Index 2018: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia
Washington, DC: IREX (2018), xx, 314 pp.
"Macedonia and Montenegro saw the largest overall score increases this year, in comparison to 2017. The improvement across all objectives this year for Macedonia’s media sector can be attributed to political changes that prioritize media in democratic reforms. Although Montenegro’s score improve
...
The Feasibility of a Public Service Orientation in the Western Balkans: Complications for a ‘networked Society’ in an Illiberal Context
"This chapter analyses contextual factors that are common to the seven countries of this region that affect developing a genuine public service orientation in media policies and performance. By better understanding historical legacies, inadequate technological development and late entry into digital
...
Comunicación y ciudadanías
Bogotá: Ediciones Desde Abajo; FES Comunicación (2018), 203 pp.
"En este texto se reúnen reflexiones e investigaciones que tienen, de una u otra manera, su mirada puesta en la ciudadanía. Intentando que la comunicación nos permita ver el bosque y que sepamos qué papel debemos jugar en esta realidad acelerada para construir ciudadanías activas e influyentes.
...
Defamation and Insult Laws in the OSCE Region: A Comparative Study
Vienna: OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media (2017), 267 pp.
"This study examines the existence of criminal defamation and insult laws in the territory of the 57 participating States of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). In doing so, it offers a broad, comparative overview of the compliance of OSCE participating States’ legislat
...
Media Sustainability Index 2017: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia
Washington, DC: IREX (2017), xx, 290 pp.
"While a few much-needed improvements can be reported for the 2017 Europe & Eurasia Media Sustainability Index (MSI), overall there are signs of continued and worsening challenges facing those who wish to create and support a vibrant information system in the 21 countries studied in this volume [...
...
Public Services Without a Public? How Public Service Broadcasters in the Western Balkans Interact with Their Audiences
IC: Revista Científica de Información y Comunicación, volume 14 (2017), pp. 217-242
"Struggling to cope with structural societal changes, digitalized news production, and the modified habits of fragmented media publics, public service broadcasters are expected to redefine the logic of their operations in order to regain the trust of citizens and engage them. This paper looks at how
...
"This research project focuses on media reporting of and in crisis situations, with case studies of examples mostly from 2016. Political and social crises have been recurring in recent years, aggravated by unstable political environments, underdeveloped economies, ethno-national divisions and unreso
...
Media Sustainability Index 2016: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and EurAsia
Washington, DC: IREX (2016), xxii, 318 pp.
"The three countries that this year experienced a decrease in overall score—Belarus, Azerbaijan, and Kazakhstan—were ones last year that had showed small but unexpected increases. Last year’s Executive Summary indicated that such increases were unlikely to be part of a larger upward trend; pan
...
Strengthening Independent Media in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Performance Evaluation of USAID Strengthening Independent Media (SIM) Activity
Sarajevo: USAID Bosnia-Herzegovina (2016), 94 pp.
"Strengthening Independent Media (SIM) in Bosnia and Herzegovina is a 5-year $5.481 million activity, which was launched in October 2010, financed by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), and implemented by the Internews, with partners Annenberg School of Communications at
...
Assessment of the Media Sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina
USAID (2016), 59 pp.
"The purpose of this assessment is to compile a general portrait of the media landscape in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) in order to determine the broad status of reforms and needs in the media sector and make recommendations for potential further USAID involvement in the sector. The assessment team
...
Gendering War and Peace Reporting: Some Insights – Some Missing Links
Göteborg: Nordicom (2016), 278 pp.
How to Ensure Independence of Public Service Media and Regulatory Bodies
Media Progress (2016), 14 pp.
"Independent media institutions are crucial for genuine democracies. The most important institutions are national and regional public service media and regulatory bodies that are responsible for the allocation of frequencies and licenses to private media, media market regulation, and protection of m
...
Communicating Citizens' Protests, Requiring Public Accountability: Case Studies from Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia
Sarajevo: Mediacentar (2016), 384 pp.
"In the recent years, we have witnessed several protests, initiatives and social uprisings in the SEE region, through which the citizens demanded for government accountability, suggested better policy solutions and promoted better citizen participation. Regional research “Communicating citizens' p
...
Captured News Media: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Montenegro
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2016), 16 pp.
"Political and business elites in the countries that are the subject of this report have acquired control over a large number of public and private media, mostly through non-transparent privatization, advertising and/or budgetary support to loyal media. Consequently, media freedoms and freedom of ex
...
Employment Conditions of Journalists in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia - Regional Report
Bucureçti (RO): Center for Independent Journalism; South-East European Partnership for Media Development (2015), 23 pp.
"A crowded and rather poor media market, unable to secure the sustainability of media operations, a high level of job insecurity making the journalists vulnerable to political and economic pressures and – more often than not – leading to self-censorship – are some of the conclusions [...] The
...
Media Sustainability Index 2015: The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Europe and Eurasia
Washington, DC: IREX (2015), xxii, 323 pp.
"Results of the 2015 MSI study for Europe & Eurasia (E&E) at first glance show encouraging results: the average of 21 overall country scores increased by 0.04 compared with last year, representing the highest average of overall scores so far this decade. Out of 21 countries studied, seven increased
...
State-Media Financial Relations in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Increasingly Dependent and Disciplined Media
Ljubljana: Peace Institute; South East European Media Observatory (2015), 20 pp.
"Particular political and business interests seem to overpower any notion of public interest in the financial relations between government and the media. The public interest that these financial patterns should in theory serve remains under-articulated and unmonitored with a lack of clear criteria,
...
Baseline Assessment of the “Guidelines for EU Support to Media Freedom and Media Integrity in the Enlargement Countries 2014-20”
European Commission; Particip (2015), 99, 173 pp.
"For this assessment more than 390 surveys were made in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Turkey [...] In addition to the survey a further 150 in-depth interviews were held, complemented by a Focus Group in each country, which
...
Online Video Forecasts 2015
London: ZenithOptimedia (2015), 85 pp.
"This report gives forecasts for online video spend and consumption, where available, for 40 markets in which online video is at varying stages of development. From markets such as Singapore, where 85% of the population claims to access online video (according to GlobalWebIndex, 2014), to countries
...