"Das große – inhaltlich aber sehr diffuse – Misstrauen der „Zweifler“ gegenüber etablierten Medien ist vermutlich nur die Spitze des Eisbergs für ein grundsätzliches Dilemma, vor dem Medienanbieter stehen: Ein allgemeines Unbehagen gegenüber Politik, Wirtschaft und anderen gesellschaftl
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ichen Eliten, das sich im Zuge der Krisen der vergangenen Jahre nun auch offensiv manifestiert. Dieses Unbehagen erfasst – da sie „als Teil des Systems“ wahrgenommen werden – auch die Medien. Der Eindruck, dass die Medien das Establishment stützen oder gar von ihm gelenkt werden, gibt diesem Dilemma weitere Nahrung. Hinzu kommt, dass Medien in ihrer Funktion als Übermittler von Nachrichten ebenso wie von Meinungen der Politik(er) und anderer gesellschaftlicher Eliten nicht selten in „Mithaftung“ genommen werden für die Inhalte, die sie übermitteln. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist auch die hohe Zustimmung zu der Einschätzung, dass in den Medien häufig absichtlich die Unwahrheit gesagt wird, zu werten." (Seite 37)
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"Ciberperiodismo en Iberoamérica relata los veinte primeros años (1995-2014) del periodismo digital en veintidós países: todos los de América Latina, además de España y Portugal. Con abundantes estadísticas, referencias históricas inéditas y curiosas imágenes rescatadas del pasado, este l
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ibro ofrece un análisis profundo y documentado sobre el origen, hitos y tendencias de los medios digitales en todos y cada uno de los países iberoamericanos. ¿Cuáles han sido los medios de Internet pioneros en lugares como México, Brasil o Argentina? ¿Y en países menos poblados como Honduras, Cuba o Uruguay? ¿Qué rasgos caracterizan a las publicaciones digitales andinas frente a las caribeñas o las ibéricas? ¿Cuál ha sido la evolución de los medios nativos digitales en toda la región? ¿Y el perfil, formación y condiciones laborales de sus periodistas? Coordinado por el profesor Ramón Salaverría, director del Center for Internet Studies and Digital Life de la Universidad de Navarra, y con la colaboración de investigadores de los veintidós países estudiados, este volumen responde por primera vez a todas estas preguntas. A partir de capítulos nacionales de estructura común, la obra presenta una historia detallada sobre el periodismo digital en la región. Para varios países, se trata, de hecho, de la primera obra donde se registra y analiza sistemáticamente la evolución de los medios de Internet en su territorio. El libro aporta, además, análisis panorámicos y prospectivos sobre el ciberperiodismo en toda la región." (Cubierta del libro)
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"Este libro reúne, por primera vez en nuestro país, entrevistas a 27 profesionales a los que caracteriza el denominador común de ser innovadores. Son expertos que colaboran en distintos módulos del Máster de Innovación en Periodismo o han participado en las Jornadas Internacionales de Periodis
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mo en la Universidad Miguel Hernández. Las entrevistas ofrecen una visión práctica, pegada al terreno, sobre los procesos para innovar en los medios y emprender con éxito nuevos proyectos periodísticos. A todos ellos les agradecemos su inestimable colaboración." (Tapa posterior)
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"This book has presented a critical, historically grounded analysis of the role of the war correspondent. It has highlighted the risks, the problems and the failures that have defined the role but it has also given credit where that is due and acknowledged the inspirational example of correspondents
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such as William Howard Russell, Morgan Philips Price, Martha Gellhorn, Wilfred Burchett, John Pilger and Robert Fisk. Their work seems to bear testament to the ideal beloved of all journalists and writers, of ‘telling truth to power’. But as Arundhati Roy has argued, ‘Power owns the truth [and] knows the truth just as well if not better than the powerless know the truth’ (2004, page 68). In view of everything that has gone before in this book, I think she is right. Telling truth to power does not change or lessen the risks and dangers that accompany the journalist in the war zone. And as we have seen, the risks are not equal; the level of special training, protection and institutional support journalists receive depends on the size and wealth of their media employer." (Conclusion, page 214)
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"Das Thema Medien und Krieg wird in diesem Buch aus einer vierfachen Perspektive heraus behandelt. Es geht zum einen um die Frage nach der Berichterstattung über Kriege, zum zweiten um die Rolle von Medien im Krieg, drittens geht es darum, welche strukturellen Bedingungen von Krieg und Gesellschaft
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die Inhalte der Medien wie prägen und viertens um eine friedensstiftende Sicht auf diese Zusammenhänge. Das Fazit: Definitorisch gibt es kaum noch einen Unterschied zwischen medialer Kommunikation und Krieg." (Publisher description)
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"The study confirms that after the fall of communism and the establishment of pluralistic democracy in the country, the conditions were created for the emergence and development of free, independent and pluralistic media. This led to a multiplication of the capacities and space also for internationa
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l reporting. A large number of channels of international media information existed in Albania during the past 25 years after the fall of communism. Nevertheless, during the last decade, due to the crisis in the media and because of the emergence of new channels of online information, a decline has been noticed in international news in the press and television. These media outlets do not have a special editorial structure for international news and it is mainly covered by the news department or newsroom. Meanwhile, human resources for this field have been shrinking in about 40% of the media outlets. Because of economic difficulties, Albanian media also lack or have a very limited number of correspondents abroad. Thus, none of the newspapers has correspondents in other countries." (Conclusions, page 58-59)
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"The debate on Facebook raises questions about the use and users of this information service. This collected volume gathers a broad spectrum of social science and information science articles about Facebook. Facebook has many facets, and we just look forward above all to the use and users. The facet
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of users has sub-facets, such as different age, sex, and culture. The facet of use consists of sub-facets of privacy behavior after the Snowden affair, dealing with friends, unfriending and becoming unfriended on Facebook, and possible Facebook addiction. We also consider Facebook as a source for local temporary history and respond to acceptance and quality perceptions of this social network service, as well. This book brings together all the contributions of research facets on Facebook." (Publisher description)
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"In the religious sector, for centuries, pilgrimages have been a clear example of mass events of a spiritual nature. Due to globalization and increased mobility, recent times have seen the multiplication of international events without a fixed location: Taizé encounters, Kumbh Mela (India), and Wor
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ld Youth Day are all good examples of this. These events imply at least a threefold spiritual, organizational and touristic challenge, and success in each one of these areas contributes to the favourable result of the others. Due to the particular nature of these events, which can mobilize millions of people in just a few days, communication is fundamental. In this sense, the development of mobile technology allows for direct communication with the individual and an unprecedented capacity for diffusion, especially by means of apps and instant messaging, which are two of the most-used channels available on these devices. This paper offers a reflection on the prospects and management of information via smartphones during these large religious events. As a practical case, we will study the beatification of the Catholic bishop Álvaro del Portillo held in Madrid in September 2014, in a ceremony that drew more than 250,000 people from over 70 countries." (Abstract)
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"Aus der Perspektive der Rezeptions- und Wirkungsforschung stellt sich die Frage, wie mediale Kommunikation dazu beitragen kann, dass Menschen klimabewusster handeln. Die bisherigen Ergebnisse zeigen, dass viele der typischen Darstellungsformen des Klimawandels - wie Katastrophenbilder - eher kontra
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produktiv wirken. Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich deswegen der Frage, welche Medieneigenschaften klimaschonendes Handeln positiv unterstützen. Den theoretischen Ausgangspunkt bildet das Forschungsfeld Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation. Der hier verortete Ansatz der Handlungsorientierung nimmt an, dass Menschen in Lernsituationen selbst aktiv handeln müssen, damit sie das Gelernte in ihren Alltag übertragen. Handeln wird durch fünf Merkmalen charakterisiert: Intentionalität, Erstellen eines Produktes, Handlungsspielraum, Bewusstheit des Handelns und der Prozesscharakter. Hieraus werden Gestaltungsempfehlungen für ein Online-Spiel formuliert und Variablen für die empirische Studie abgeleitet. Als zweite theoretische Säule wird das Forschungsfeld "Interactive Storytelling" erschlossen und das dramentheoretische Modell von Lessing ausgewählt. Um das entwickelte Variablenmodell zu testen, wird das Online-Spiel "RED - Renewable Energy Drama" (ca. 10 Spielminuten) konzipiert. Es thematisiert das Stromsparen im eigenen Haushalt. Eine quantitative Online-Befragung (n=287) prüft die theoretischen Annahmen, ergänzend werden Interaktionsdaten aus dem Spielverlauf erfasst. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass ein hoher Alltagsbezug der entscheidende Faktor ist. Stehen verschiedene, alltagsnahe Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung, um eine Aufgabe zu lösen (Handlungsspielraum), dann denken die Spieler stärker darüber nach, wie sie diese Aufgabe üblicherweise zuhause lösen (Bewusstheit). Dies wiederum hat einen positiven Effekt auf alle Dimension von Handlungskompetenz: die Spielenden haben den Eindruck, alltagstaugliche Heuristiken zum Stromsparen zu lernen, sich die Bedeutung ihres eigenen Handelns für den Klimaschutz bewusst zu machen und eigene Verhaltensweisen zu reflektieren und/oder zu verändern. Einen ebenso positiven Effekt hat es, wenn das Feedback zu den gelösten Aufgaben als hilfreich bewertet wird, was besonders dann der Fall ist, wenn Verhaltensalternativen miteinander verglichen werden. Auch Spielcharaktere, die ein realistisches Verhalten mit typischen, konfligierenden Gedanken und Gefühle in alltäglichen Entscheidungssituationen zeigen, haben einen positiven Effekt auf die Handlungskompetenz." (Zusammenfassung)
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"Als Russland die Krim annektierte und den Krieg in der Ostukraine führte, setzte es gleichzeitig eine Propagandakampagne in Gang. Zur Bekämpfung von Desinformation und Falschmeldungen gründeten Dozenten und Studenten der Mohyla-Journalistenschule in Kiew im März 2014 das Informationsportal Stop
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.Fake. Über 1000 Fälle von Manipulation und Lüge aus russischen Quellen hat Stop.Fake aufgedeckt. Etwa 130 000 Leserinnen und Leser besuchen täglich das Portal, das unterdessen nicht mehr nur Fakes entlarvt, sondern für Qualitätsjournalismus steht. Es sieht seine Perspektive darin, das Spannungsfeld von Politik, Propaganda und Publizistik zu erforschen." (Abstract)
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"The dissertation investigates journalistic news narrations. It aims at assessing their deliberative qualities by applying a quantitative instrument for a content analysis of newspapers that focuses comparatively on climate change coverage in Brazil, Germany, and the United States . Results reveal t
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hat there is no general relationship between narrativity and the deliberative quality. There is no indication that narrative news writing is either good or bad in deliberative terms; it is rather context dependent. The results show that the newspaper coverage of all three countries differs in the use of narrative elements, the application of different story types, and in their general deliberative quality. While the Brazilian coverage generally has a high degree of narrativity and mainly uses story types that emphasize the urgency of climate change, it has a rather low deliberative quality. The opposite is the case for the US, which has a lower degree of narrativity, mainly using unexcited story types, and provides a higher deliberative quality. In both cases, narrative writing compared to non-narrative writing accounts for higher or lower deliberative quality only on some dimensions, but no consistent pattern was found. The picture is more diverse in Germany, with a less unambiguous use of narratives and story types, and a mixed deliberative quality. However, the relationship between higher narrativity and deliberative quality is most salient in this case." (Abstract)
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"Global press freedom declined to its lowest point in 12 years in 2015, as political, criminal, and terrorist forces sought to co-opt or silence the media in their broader struggle for power. The share of the world’s population that enjoys a Free press stood at just 13 percent, meaning fewer than
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one in seven people live in countries where coverage of political news is robust, the safety of journalists is guaranteed, state intrusion in media affairs is minimal, and the press is not subject to onerous legal or economic pressures. Steep declines worldwide were linked to two factors: heightened partisanship and polarization in a country’s media environment, and the degree of extralegal intimidation and physical violence faced by journalists. These problems were most acute in the Middle East, where governments and militias increasingly pressured journalists and media outlets to take sides, creating a “with us or against us” climate and demonizing those who refused to be cowed." (Page 1)
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"In this issue we discuss some of the arguments and debates related to the highly charged and topical issue of Russia’s strategic narrative and how it is disseminated. Propaganda, in numerous forms, creates a barrier to more constructive engagement and dialogue. This issue’s contributors find th
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at Russia’s narrative is based on notions of encirclement by the West as part of a deliberate containment strategy that Russia feels duty bound to resist if it is to remain a great power. The West, for its part, acknowledges Russia’s power status and its legitimate right to seek such status, but questions the means it uses to that end. Propaganda constructs an artificial information reality and sows doubt by questioning the very existence of objective, reliable and credible facts. It can mobilize popular support against an external threat, as well as toward a positive goal. Propaganda thrives when notions of journalistic objectivity are sacrificed. The notion that there must be two sides to any given issue or event can undermine rational conclusions when one side relies on the power of implausible denials and direct lies. “You have your truth, and I have mine” is the mantra and motto of contemporary Russian information warfare." (Director's letter, page 4)
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"With well-organised and far-reaching weapons of information Russia has succeeded in sowing doubt about the need for democratic values and is therefore also undermining faith in democratic countries, weakening it. Russia government uses lies, concealment, and the manipulation of anything that can se
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rve their purpose—to turn citizens toward the ‘preferred’ direction. We are now faced with new and cunning forms of propaganda; a go-to source of information may turn out to be a false news outlet or a false Facebook ‘friend’. In the new information age, where borders between media fact and fiction are blurred, agents of propaganda seek to access citizens with messages presented in formats that discourage critical thinking. The main objectives of such attacks are to undermine democratic values—tolerance, minority rights, freedom of expression, the rule of law, and also loyalty to one’s country. In this war, democratic states are faced with unprecedented difficulties; in order to protect themselves they cannot fight the enemy using the same weapons the enemy uses, because then democracy would be no different than authoritarian rule. Democracies must choose mechanisms to counter hostile propaganda that comply with the rule of law and our fundamental values. This is difficult, but not impossible. In this publication, we have collected a number of expert opinions on what national governments, the EU, relevant institutions, and the media can do to win this war for the hearts and minds of the people." (Foreword)
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"Journalists in Croatia primarily see their roles in the classical (western) "watchdog" function of providing analysis of current affairs, monitoring and scrutinizing political leaders, and business. These values are followed by public-forum roles of the media through letting people express their vi
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ews and provide information people need for making political decision. Several of the values that reach high means (4.0 and higher) might be related to the (relatively) recent democratization and the view that the media should assist in this change. This particularly relates to the belief that journalists should advocate social change, motivate people to participate in political activity, and support national development. A large number of respondents (between close to 50% to almost 70%) think that it is somewhat important that journalists influence public opinion, set the political agenda, and provide orientation and direction in daily life to their audiences. As we go down the list with the least supported statements and shares of supporters, the homogeneity of the answers also decreases, while the most highly placed values having smaller standard deviations. The minority of journalists thinks that their work entails a support of government policy or to convey a positive image of political leadership (12 and 13.2 %, respectively), and a similarly small number thinks they should take an adversarial role to the government." (Journalistic roles, pages 1-2)
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"Die Autorin geht der Frage nach, welche deutschen Fernsehsendungen nach China importiert und wie diese in einer Gesellschaft aufgenommen werden, die kulturell vollkommen anders geprägt ist als die deutsche. Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt auf der Herausarbeitung von Kriterien für die Auswahl von Ferns
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ehsendungen für den chinesischen Markt. Gleichzeitig werden die Besonderheiten in Adaption und Rezeption konkreter deutscher Fernsehsendungen wie etwa Wissen macht Ah!, Mein Mann kann und Knallerfrauen in China herausgestellt." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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