"This paper considers the potential of community based information and communication technology (ICT) centres to support and promote the democratic voice. It does so through presenting comparative research findings from eight ICT centres in South Asia. The research uses a methodology that combines e
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thnographic approaches with action research. Here I look at the notion of ‘democratic voice’ in a loosely defined sense, referring to the ability of ‘ordinary’ people to access media and other information and communication technologies, and to create their own local content. As such it describes to some extent the processes of ‘metamorphosis’ involved in ‘citizen’s media’ participants becoming, through these activities, ‘active citizens’ (Rodriguez 2004). At a point in time when alternative media studies are recognising a new relevance and development communication research facing a crisis in direction, this paper considers research findings emerging from and utilised in community based ICT initiatives across South Asia. Looking at the research in a comparative framework, lessons can be learned about the relevance of community media for supporting democratic voice, and the processes that are most likely to achieve this." (Abstract)
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"[...] It is too early to assess the full impact of media development efforts undertaken since February 2002, given the short timeframe and the absence of reliable audience surveys. Nevertheless, OTI and Internews deserve credit for adopting an innovative, cost-effective approach to media assistance
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that helped open up civic life in towns and villages across the country, while planting the seeds for Afghanistan’s first commercial radio market. Emphasizing sustainability and quality programming, USAID’s Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI) and Internews appear to have avoided pitfalls that have plagued projects in other postconflict settings. Internews carefully chose aid recipients, stipulated that the aid would be phased out, and organized training courses relating to core editorial and management skills. The main pillar of the assistance effort has been a loose network of community radio stations where journalists and business managers receive training, equipment, and a relatively modest level of funding. The network was launched February 2003 with a $327,897 grant from OTI. A subsequent grant was awarded to expand the network, which, by November 2004, had 25 community stations with a potential audience of 7.47 million Afghans, or 36 percent of the population. It is hoped that plans to add an AM component to the network will not prove too ambitious or burdensome for the stations. The community radio stations may sound amateurish at times, but they have helped raise community issues for public debate for the first time and held local authorities accountable. Other stations have provided an unprecedented arena for discussion of social concerns and formerly taboo women’s issues, including forced marriage and domestic violence." (Executive summary, pages ix-x)
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"Wireless is the hottest technology and media sector in the world today—and Asia is at the centre of the action. This volume captures the flavour and implications of these fast-paced developments by providing a comprehensive, detailed and insightful look at the wireless scenario in the Asia-Pacifi
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c. It charts the growth of the wireless ecosystem across the region, highlights the valuable lessons learned by the pioneers, and contextualises these themes with developments in other parts of the world including the US and Europe. With contributions from numerous experts in the region, the book includes 16 thematic chapters, 10 book reviews, and profiles of 10 countries—Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Australia, India, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Nepal and Bangladesh." (Publisher description)
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"This paper will examine American efforts to create a vibrant free press in Iraq and Afghanistan. A $200 million project in Iraq was the largest attempt ever by the United States, or any country, to help create independent media in another nation. Run by the Pentagon, it was a near total failure in
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its first year, with Iraqi journalists, American trainers and U.S. government officials assailing it as wasteful, amateurish and counterproductiv. A far smaller, $15 million State Department effort in Afghanistan, by comparison, appears to have been more effective. In both countries, many local journalists have performed well, particularly when given proper resources and training. But in Iraq and Afghanistan, as well as around the world, murder and violence is now the single largest threat to the creation of an independent news media. Government officials, criminals and terrorists are increasingly using assault and murder to silence the media. Supporting, respecting and, most of all, securing local journalists may be the most critical way the United States can foster the creation of a vibrant free press in Iraq and Afghanistan." (Abstract)
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"In this volume, experts discuss the content, audiences, and cultural and legal aspects of their respective countries, all of which are major TV markets. The country-specific chapters draw on the individual insights, expertise, and currency of 10 resident authors. Contributions represent every hemis
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phere of the globe, offering detailed examinations of media entertainment in United Kingdom, Germany, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa, India, Japan, China, Brazil, and Mexico. The two concluding chapters provide cross-national case studies that look at familiar TV experiences - The Olympics and the "Who Wants to Be a Millionaire" show - in global and novel ways." (Publisher description)
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"During the last decade, development partners around the globe have gained rich experience and knowledge about the application of ICT for poverty reduction and its value for reaching the Millennium Development Goals and the goals of Poverty Reduction Strategies. But scaling up the results of success
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ful projects into programmes and policies that lead directly to poverty reduction on a country-wide scale is still a challenge. Lessons learned from experience so far can be summarised around the following themes: Prioritising poverty reduction; creating an enabling ICT policy environment; appropriate technology choices; local content development and the role of the media; mobilisation of financial resources and the role of microcredit." (Page 3)
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"This study considers the conflicts in India, Nepal and Sri Lanka, primarily looking at restrictions, highlighting similarities and differences and drawing some general conclusions about the ways in which authorities and combatants restrict freedom of expression. It also sets out international stand
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ards pertaining to freedom of expression and information relevant to conflict situations." (Introduction)
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"The book opens with a review of the key issues in using media for education. It then proceeds through five country studies, written by highly qualified and experienced policy-makers and practitioners of educational media. The country studies are followed by research reviews that synthesise the majo
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r findings of evaluations. A final section presents several case studies on harnessing technologies for distance-learning initiatives. The book is designed to serve as both a resource and a guide. It provides valuable background and the insights of leading academics, practitioners, researchers and students of educational media - while also offering a unique platform from which, it is hoped, new ideas and further developments will be stimulated." (Publisher description)
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"Im Oktober 1935 marschierten italienische Truppen in Äthiopien ein, um das afrikanische Land brutal zu unterwerfen; Ende 1937 begingen Soldaten des mit Deutschland verbündeten Japan ein Massaker im chinesischen Nanking. Diese imperialen Exzesse waren für viele Afrikaner und Asiaten mehr als nur
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Vorboten eines grausamen, weltumspannenden Krieges. Nach dem deutschen Überfall auf Polen und dem Kriegsbeginn in Europa bezogen die Alliierten ihre Kolonien in den Zweiten Weltkrieg ein. Zu den Befreiern vom Faschismus zählten Kolonialsoldaten aus allen Teilen Afrikas, sowie Inder, Pazifikinsulaner, Araber, Mexikaner, Brasilianer, Aborigines und Maori. Nach dem Krieg geriet das Schicksal dieser Menschen in Vergessenheit. Dieses aufwendig recherchierte Buch, in dem zahlreiche Zeitzeugen und Veteranen aus allen Kontinenten zu Wort kommen, lenkt den Blick auf Aspekte und Auswirkungen des Zweiten Weltkriegs, die in der westlichen Geschichtsschreibung bislang meist nur eine untergeordnete Rolle spielen." (Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung)
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"Was im westlichen Kulturkreis beinahe befremdlich wirkt, ist in Indien ganz geläufig: Begeisterte Radiohörer schließen sich zusammen und gründen Hörerclubs. Auch Auslandssender wie die Deutsche Welle sind ein beliebter Anlass, sich zu organisieren - mit regelmäßigen Clubtreffen, sozialen Pro
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jekten, Vereinsposten und Briefen mit Hörberichten an den Sender. In ihrer explorativen Studie untersucht Elena Koch erstmals das Phänomen "Hörerclub" im Kontext der indischen Kultur, Geschichte, Gesellschaft und Kommunikation. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt dabei auch der Situation der Medien in Indien." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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