Eastern & Southeast Europe
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1920
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Topics
Media Landscapes, Media Systems, Media Situation in General
198
Media Freedom, Press Freedom
160
Media Law & Regulation
144
Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
97
Trust in the Media, Credibility of Media
59
Russia-Ukraine War <2014-
58
Democracy / Democratization and Media
57
Media & Communication Policies
55
Media Assistance
52
Journalism Education & Training
51
Political Transition and Media
51
Journalism
48
War Reporting
47
Diversity & Pluralism in Media / Communication
46
Public Service Broadcasting
46
Russia: Foreign Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
45
Foreign Disinformation, Foreign Information Manipulation Operations, Foreign Propaganda
43
Post-Socialist Media Systems & Landscapes
43
Politics and Media
42
Media Ownership
41
Censorship
40
Television
40
Digital & Social Media Use, Internet Use
39
Audiences & Users
37
Media Capture, Vested Political & Other Interests in the Media
37
Media / Communication Control
36
Digital Media Censorship, Control & Filtering, Internet & Social Media Censorship
34
Media Assistance Projects & Programs: Case Studies
34
Media Markets
34
Countering Hate Speech, Disinformation & Propaganda
33
Journalists: Professional Identity & Values
33
Public Media, State Media
33
Authoritarian Regimes: Government Communication Strategies
31
Digital Activism, Cyber Advocacy
30
Propaganda
30
Radio
30
Press Freedom & Communication Rights Violations
29
Authoritarian Regimes: Media Systems & Landscapes
28
Social Media
28
Female Journalists & Media Workers
28
Investigative Journalism
28
Media Use, Media Consumption
27
Conflict-Sensitive & Peace Journalism
27
War Propaganda, Propaganda in Conflicts
27
Journalistic Quality
27
Digital Journalism, Online Journalism
26
Conflict Reporting, Armed Conflict Reporting
25
Collective Memory & Media, Media Representation of History
25
ICT Regulation
24
Romani People
24
Journalism Ethics
24
Safety of Journalists, Safety Risks of Media Workers
24
Press
24
Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
23
Television Landscapes
23
Migration & Refugees Reporting & (Social) Media Representation
23
Community Radios
22
Media Assistance in Conflict Regions & Fragile Countries
22
Media & Information Literacy
22
Public Diplomacy, Cultural Diplomacy
21
Ethnic Media, Minority Media
21
Ethics in Media & Communication
21
News Agencies
21
Media Management
21
Access to Internet & Digital Communications
20
Dealing With the Past
20
Digital Media Landscapes
20
Media Concentration
20
COVID-19 Communication
20
Associations & Networks of Journalists
20
Working Conditions of Journalists & Media Personnel
20
Media, Mass Media
20
Independent & Oppositional Media in Authoritarian Regimes
19
Government Communication Strategies
19
Foreign Conflict Reporting, International War Reporting
19
International Communication
19
Political Communication
19
Cybersecurity, Digital Safety, Privacy, Right to Privacy
18
Internet
18
Self-Regulation of Media
18
Journalism Concepts & Cultures
18
Media Assistance: Country Strategies & Experiences
18
RT (Russian International Broadcaster, formerly Russia Today)
18
Book Markets & Industries
17
Freedom of Expression
17
Facebook
17
Foreign News, International News
17
Election Reporting
17
Surveillance, Surveillance Technologies, Spyware
16
Twitter & Microblogs
16
Newspapers
16
News Consumption & Information Sources of Media Users
15
Violence Against Journalists & Media Personnel
15
Collective Memory: Violent Conflicts & Wars
15
Conspiracy Narratives, Conspiracy Theories
15
Gender Representation & Stereotypes in the Media
15
Journalists: Trust in Public Institutions
15
Transition Countries: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
15
National Identity & Media, Nationalism & Communication
15
Advertising Markets & Industries
14
Editorial Independence
14
Political Economy of Media
14
Foreign Countries: Reporting & Media Representation
14
Media Assistance: Journalism Education & Training
14
Journalists
14
Labour Market for Journalists
14
COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Journalism, Media & Communication
14
Access to Public Information, Freedom of Information, Right to Information
13
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Media
13
Harassment & Intimidation of Journalists
13
Alternative Communication & Media
13
Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation: Role of Media
13
Conflicts & Wars: Roles of Digital Technologies & Conflict Narratives in Social Media
13
Information Warfare, Psychological Warfare
13
European Union (EU)
13
Election Campaigns: Social Media
13
Audience Feedback, Interaction & Participation
12
National Cinemas, National Film Production
12
State Influence on the Media
12
Military: Communication Strategies & Practices
12
Digital Communication, Digital Media
12
Social Media in Political Communication
12
Online News
12
Media Industries
12
Media Viability & Financial Sustainability
12
Good Practice Examples
12
Intercultural Communication, Intercultural Competencies
12
Political Reporting
12
Media System Analyses & Typologies
12
Press Landscapes
12
Public Service Broadcasting: Regulation & Governance
12
Politics
12
Democracy
12
Advertising
11
Civic Engagement, Citizen Participation, Civil Society & Digital Communication
11
Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
11
Catholic Church
11
Government Propaganda
11
Holocaust
11
Digital Platforms & Intermediaries
11
Digital & Information Literacy
11
News Websites & Portals
11
Economics of Media
11
Television Markets
11
China: Transnational Information Operations, International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy
11
Influence of Media on Foreign & International Policies
11
Television News
11
Internet Governance, Internet Policies
11
Financing Media, Financial Media Management
11
Media Outlets, Media Associations
11
Society
11
Civil Society
11
Non-Western Communication Approaches
11
Youth and Media
11
Digital Divide, Digital Inequalities
10
Self-Censorship
10
Conflict Areas: Media Systems, Media Landscapes, Role of Media
10
Extremist & Terrorist Communication Strategies and Media
10
Development and Media
10
Democratization & Digital Media / Social Media
10
Digitalization, Digital Transformation
10
LGBT & Communication / Media
10
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Reporting & Media Representation
10
Health Disinformation & Misinformation
10
Educational Television
10
Television Entertainment, Television Entertainment Programmes
10
Soap Operas & Telenovelas
10
Accountability & Transparency of the Media
10
Gender and Media, Gender and Communication
10
Transnational Broadcasting, International Broadcasting
10
Local Communication & Media
10
Public Funding & Support Policies for Media
10
Radio Landscapes
10
Television Law & Regulation
10
Public & State Television
10
Islam and Communication
10
Telecommunication Infrastructure
10
Access to Information Laws, Right to Information Regulation
9
Media Use: Foreign / International Media
9
Media Use: Youth
9
Television Consumption, Televison Use, Television Audiences
9
Cinema
9
Documentaries, Television Documentaries, Web Documentaries
9
Film Industries
9
Films
9
Exile Journalism, Exile Media
9
Indirect Censorship, Soft Censorship
9
Community Media
9
Conflicts and Media
9
E-Governance, E-Democracy
9
Internet / Social Media Law & Regulation
9
Globalisation of Media
9
International Radio Broadcasting, Foreign Radio Broadcasting
9
Journalists Dealing with Risks & Threats, Resilience & Wellbeing of Media Workers
9
Local Journalism
9
Influence of Media on Politics
9
Public Spheres
9
Religion and Communication
9
Social Change
9
Television Channels
9
Television Programmes & Genres
9
Youth Media
9
Media Advocacy, Media Activism
8
Mobile Phone Use
8
Book Policies (National & International)
8
Election Campaigns
8
Catholic Media
8
Freedom of Expression Online, Internet Freedom
8
Financing Digital / Online Media
8
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
8
Protests, Protest Movements, Protest Reporting & Media Representation
8
Religion: Media Representation
8
Media Assistance: Public Service Broadcasting
8
Regulatory Bodies
8
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation
8
Corruption & Combating Corruption
8
Digital Television
8
Access to Media & Information
7
Radio Consumption, Radio Use, Radio Audiences
7
Textbooks, Textbook Development, Publishing & Research
7
Catholic Press
7
Television Programme & Format Trade
7
Government / State Advertising: Allocation Policies & Regulation
7
Extremism & Terrorism Reporting
7
Transitional Justice Reporting
7
Collective Identities & Media
7
Development Communication, Communication for Development (C4D)
7
Content Moderation & Regulation: Social Media
7
TikTok
7
ICT Industries & Markets
7
Disinformation & Misinformation Law & Regulation
7
Economy
7
Labour, Labour Markets, Labour Laws, Working Conditions
7
Defamation Law & Regulation
7
Fact-Checking & Verification of Sources
7
History of Media & Communication
7
Foreign Policies
7
UNESCO
7
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking: Reporting & Media Representation
7
Islam: Media Representation & Reporting
7
Religious Journalism, Religion News
7
USA: Media Assistance
7
Small States: Media Systems & Media Landscapes
7
Socialist Media Systems
7
Populism
7
Governance & Accountability: Role of Media / Communication
7
Public Opinion
7
Magazines
7
Media Effects
7
Research in Media & Communication
7
Communication & Media Indicators
7
Digital Switchover
7
Commercial Television
7
Visual Communication
7
Area & Regional Studies
6
Digital & Social Media Use: Youth
6
Information Needs & Media Use: Refugees & Displaced People
6
Authoritarian Regimes, Dictatorships
6
Samizdat
6
Catholic Church and Communication
6
Catholic Digital Media Presence & Online Communities
6
Orthodox Churches and Communication
6
War & Political Violence in Cinema
6
Communication Rights
6
Citizen Journalism, Community Journalism
6
Extremist & Terrorist Digital / Social Media Presence
6
Democracy Assistance
6
Nonprofit Organizations, NGOs
6
Data Journalism, Computer-Assisted Investigative Reporting
6
Blogging, Blogs
6
Ethnic / Minority Online Communities & Websites
6
Media Literacy: Disinformation, Fake News, Hate Speech
6
Press Councils
6
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence: Media Representation & Reporting
6
History (General)
6
Foreign Television Programmes
6
International Media & Communication Policies
6
World Information and Communication Order
6
Satellite Television
6
Transnational & Comparative Communication Research
6
United Nations (UN)
6
Court Reporting & Media Representation of Judicial System
6
Financing Public Service Media
6
Diasporas
6
Fragile / Post-Conflict States
6
Public & State Radios
6
Judaism and Communication
6
Al-Jazeera
6
Television Programming, Programme Structures & Programme Policies
6
Advocacy & Political Films
5
Disinformation Consumption & Perception
5
Book Publishing
5
Book Trade & Distribution
5
Catholic Church: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Child Abuse: Digital Media
5
Children's Television Programmes
5
Film Markets
5
Public Film Policies, Film Legislation, Public Film Funding
5
Communication Strategies
5
Public Relations
5
Genocides
5
Civil Wars
5
Hate Speech Legislation & Regulation
5
Human Rights Protection & Violations: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Trauma: Media Representation & Reporting
5
Media Monitoring, Media Observatories
5
Creative & Cultural Industries
5
Big Digital Platforms, Big Tech Companies
5
Digital Inclusion
5
Telegram
5
YouTube
5
Artificial Intelligence
5
Economic Development: Role of ICTs & Media
5
ICT Development Assistance
5
Information Society
5
Diaspora Media
5
Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Reporting
5
Documenting Human Rights Violations
5
Economic Contribution of the Media Industries to GDP
5
Radio Markets
5
Poverty & Poverty Reduction
5
Educational Radio Programmes
5
Environmental Journalism
5
Bias in News Media
5
Sexuality: Media Representation, Sexually Explicit Media Content, Pornography
5
Sensationalist Journalism, Yellow Press
5
Feminism & Communication
5
Gender-Based Online Harassment & Sexual Threats
5
Gender Relations
5
Women (General)
5
Health Communication
5
Vaccination Campaigns & Vaccine Hesitancy
5
Indigenous Communication
5
Foreign Correspondents
5
Image Abroad
5
Media Law & Regulation: International Standards & Practices
5
Media Assistance: Investigative Journalism
5
News
5
European Union: Media Assistance
5
Media Assistance: Media & Information Literacy
5
Stereotypes in Media & Communication
5
People with Disabilities & Communication / Media
5
Conflict & War Photography
5
Comparative Approaches & Methods in Communication Research
5
COVID-19 Pandemic: Economic, Political and Social Effects
5
Ethnic Groups, Ethnic Minorities
5
Flow of Information
4
Social Movements: Communication Strategies & Practices
4
Audience Segmentation, User Typologies, Personas
4
Book Reading Habits, Book Readers, Book Consumption
4
Media Use: Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups
4
Media Use: Public Service & State Media
4
Reading, Reading Habits, Reading Skills
4
Books
4
Children's Books & Literature
4
Communication Pastoral, Media Pastoral
4
Videos
4
Impunity for Crimes Against Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Killings of Journalists & Media Personnel
4
Foreign Government Communication Interventions
4
International Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
4
Community Radio Regulation & Licensing
4
Storytelling
4
Religion and Justice / Peace / Reconciliation
4
Terrorism
4
Media Law & Regulation in Conflict Areas
4
Cultural Identity
4
Fans, Fandom, Fan Cultures
4
Literature
4
Development Communication Projects: Case Studies
4
Communicating Development Projects, Media in Development Programmes
4
Rural Radio Programmes, Rural Radios, Rural Development & Radio
4
Algorithms & Big Data
4
Cyberbullying, Cyberharassment
4
Governance & Accountability: Role of Digital Communication
4
Electronic Commerce
4
Political Blogging
4
Digital Media Markets
4
Digital Economies, Digital Societies
4
Ecological Footprint & Sustainability of Digitalization, E-Waste & Recycling
4
ICTs and Development
4
Digitalisation, Online Communication & Democracy / Democratization
4
International Humanitarian Crisis Reporting, Foreign Disaster Reporting
4
Election Campaigns: Disinformation & Misinformation
4
Gendered Disinformation
4
Archives
4
Foreign Media Investments, Foreign Media Ownership
4
Infotainment, Politainment
4
Defamation of Religion (Blasphemy)
4
Image Ethics, Ethics in Photojournalism
4
Bribery & Corruption in Journalism
4
Codes of Journalistic Ethics
4
Gender-Based Harassment, Intimidation & Violence
4
History of Radio
4
Globalisation: Impact on (Local) Media & Communication
4
Transnational Television, International Television
4
Journalistic Research Methods
4
Bilingualism, Multilingualism
4
Minority Languages
4
Media Assistance: Law & Regulation, Media Policy Consultancies
4
Media Assistance: Post-Socialist Countries
4
Media Assistance: Regional Approaches & Experiences
4
Media Assistance: Transition Countries & Defective Democracies
4
Communication Networks
4
Communication Systems
4
Media Literacy: Youth
4
Human Rights
4
Human Rights Violations
4
Crowdfunding
4
Broadcasting Companies
4
Konrad Adenauer Foundation
4
Refugees / Displaced People
4
Music
4
Radio Music
4
Right-Wing Extremism
4
Political Resistance
4
Democratization
4
Political Transition
4
Political Parties: Communication Strategies
4
Radio Programmes & Genres
4
University Radios
4
Buddhism and Communication
4
COVID-19 Pandemic & Religion
4
Hinduism and Communication
4
Islam
4
Islamism
4
Islamophobia
4
Antisemitism
4
Society & Media, Media Sociology
4
Technologies, Information & Communication Technologies
4
Digital Radio
4
Informatics
4
Short Wave Radio (SW)
4
Technological Change, Technological Developments, Technological Progress
4
Advertising Agencies
3
Government Advertising, State Advertising
3
Advocacy & Empowerment: Disadvantaged & Vulnerable Groups
3
Gender Advocacy & Empowerment, Gender Mainstreaming
3
Audience Research
3
Audience Research Methods
3
Book Aid, Book Publishing Assistance, Book Donations
3
Copyright: Books
3
E-Books & Digital Book Publishing
3
Digital Media Campaigns
3
Animated Cartoons, Animated Films
3
Children: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Media Literacy: Children
3
Christian Communication
3
Christian Media
3
Christian Television
3
Digital & Social Media Pastoral
3
Celebrities, Idols, Stars
3
Film Distribution
3
Historical Films
3
Bollywood
3
Hollywood
3
History of Film & Cinema
3
Transnational Film Co-Productions
3
Crisis Communication
3
Alternative Press
3
Community Television
3
Participatory Communication
3
Telecentres, Community Telecentres, Internet Cafés
3
Oral Cultures & Traditions, Oral History, Oral Testimonies
3
International Conflicts
3
Religion and Conflicts, Religious Conflicts, Religious Violence
3
Conflict-Sensitive Digital Technology Use & Social Media in Prevention & Transformation
3
Conflict-Sensitive / Peace Communication
3
Conflict-Sensitive Radio Journalism, Radio in Conflict Prevention & Transformation
3
Crime & Violence Reporting
3
Religious Communication in Conflicts & Peacebuilding
3
Trauma, Coping with Trauma, Trauma Therapy
3
Culture (General)
3
Good Governance
3
Social Change & Media / Communication
3
Digital Businesses
3
Digital Entrepreneurs, Tech Entrepreneurs
3
Internet Shutdowns
3
Media Assistance: Digital Journalism & Social Media
3
Online Radio, Internet Radio, Radio Streaming
3
Bots
3
Instagram
3
VK (Russian Social Network)
3
Websites
3
AI in Journalism & Media
3
Gender and ICTs / Internet
3
Mobile Phone Markets
3
Software Industries
3
ICT Indicators
3
Ethnic Press, Minority Press
3
Integration of Minorities: Role of Media
3
Media Assistance: Minority Media
3
Minorities & Disadvantaged Groups: Media Policies & Regulations
3
Minority Journalists
3
Prisoners & Communication / Media
3
Racism in Communication & Media
3
Libraries
3
Digital Economies & Markets
3
Music Industries & Markets
3
Entertainment Media Industries & Markets
3
Press Markets
3
Adult Education
3
Training
3
Gaming, Video Games
3
Environmental Communication
3
Climate Change Communication, Climate Journalism
3
Religious Communication Ethics, Religious Media Ethics
3
Gender & Religious Communication
3
Health Campaigns: Experiences
3
Health Journalism
3
HIV / AIDS Communication
3
Slavery, Slaves
3
Indigenous Languages
3
Developing Countries Reporting & Representation in Foreign / International Media
3
Sputnik (Russian State News Portal & Radio Broadcast Service)
3
Transnational Media Corporations, International Media Companies
3
China: Foreign Policy, Foreign Investments, Development Assistance
3
Council of Europe
3
UNESCO & IPDC Media Assistance
3
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
3
Local News
3
News Reception
3
Photojournalism
3
Corruption Reporting & Role of Media in Curbing Corruption
3
Death & Grief: Reporting & Media Representation
3
Language
3
Linguistic Diversity
3
Linguistics & Sociolinguistics
3
Local Television
3
Germany: Media Assistance Actors, Practices, Priorities
3
Media Assistance: Donor Organizations
3
Media Assistance: Financial Sustainability & Management
3
Media Assistance: Impacts, Effectiveness, Efficiency
3
Deutsche Welle DW Akademie
3
Media Assistance: Television
3
Trust Building: Role of Communication & Media
3
Media Literacy: Curricula
3
Judiciary & Penal System
3
Change & Process Management
3
Financing Media: Customer Payments, Subscription Models, User-Based Financing
3
Marketing & Branding
3
Media Companies, Media Corporations, Media Enterprises
3
Radio Free Europe
3
Voice of America
3
Digital Media Use: Migrants & Diasporas
3
Photography
3
Documentary Photography
3
Polarization, Political Polarization
3
Political Doctrines
3
Political Systems
3
Framing
3
Political Television Programmes & Political Talkshows
3
B92 (Radio Station, Belgrade)
3
Satellite Radios
3
Fundamentalisms (Religious)
3
Interreligious Dialogue
3
Religion and Society
3
Interviewing (Journalistic Genre)
3
Internet & ICTs in Rural Areas
3
Sexual Violence & Abuse, Rape
3
Radio Broadcasting Equipment & Technologies
3
Mobile Phones, Smartphones
3
Cable Television
3
Theories of Communication & Media
3
Youth & Digital Media
3
Youth: Media Representation & Reporting
3
Open Data
2
Advertising Law & Regulation
2
Radio Advertising
2
Television Advertising
2
Transnational Advertising, International Advertising
2
Advocacy Campaigns
2
Empowerment
2
People with Disabilities: Advocacy & Empowerment
2
Geography
2
Audience Research: Concepts & Experiences
2
Film Audiences, Film Consumption
2
Health Information Access & Use
2
Media Diaries
2
Media & ICT Use in Authoritarian Regimes / Dictatorships
2
Media Reception & Effects: Youth
2
Authoritarian Regimes: Transnational Repression
2
Clandestine Radios
2
Media Assistance: Authoritarian Countries
2
Book Design & Production
2
Scholarly Book Publishing, Academic Book Publishing
2
Transnational Book Publishing
2
Catholic Television
2
Church History
2
Saints
2
Child Protection, Protection of Minors
2
Child Protection Online
2
Comics, Cartoons, Caricatures
2
Christianity: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Ecumenism
2
Aesthetics in Film & Visual Communication
2
Female Film Actors, Directors & Producers
2
Film Actors, Directors & Producers, Filmmakers
2
Film and Religion, Religion in Motion Pictures
2
Film Festivals
2
Feature Films
2
Editorial Independence: Influence of Media Owners
2
Intellectual Property
2
Plagiarism
2
Media Assistance: Freedom of Expression & Safety of Journalists
2
Internet Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
2
OSCE Representative of Freedom of the Media
2
Development Aid Public Relations, Development Public Awareness Raising
2
Press Releases & Press Conferences
2
Community Development
2
Street Papers
2
Community Participation in Community Media
2
Community Telecommunication Networks
2
Participatory Videos & Community Filmmaking
2
Conflicts, Conflict Prevention & Management, Mediation, Peacebuilding
2
Perpetrators
2
Reconciliation Work
2
Islamic State (Political-Religious Extremist Organization)
2
Wars
2
Humanitarian Interventions
2
Iraq-Kuwait Gulf War (1990-1991)
2
Iraq War (2003)
2
War Crimes
2
Cyberwarfare, Cyber Operations: Attacking Enemy Computers, Software, and Control Systems
2
Interethnic Communication
2
Media Assistance: Conflict Prevention, Mediation & Reconciliation
2
Military: Online & Social Media Communication Strategies
2
Violence in the Media
2
Wars & Political Violence in Arts & Literature
2
Contents of Media
2
Discourse & Discourse Analysis
2
Media Criticism
2
Digital Anthropology, Cyberanthropology
2
Mythology & Communication, Media Myths
2
Theatre
2
Theatre for Development
2
Cultural Domination, Media Imperialism, Cultural & Media Dependency
2
Cultural Change
2
Cultural Development
2
Cultural Influence
2
Cultural Values
2
Memes
2
Mass Cultures
2
Multicultural Societies, Multiethnic Societies
2
Religion and Culture
2
Development Assistance
2
Donor Agencies
2
United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
2
Open Society Foundations (NGO network)
2
Development Planning
2
ICT / Internet Projects (Development Aid)
2
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
2
Behaviour Change Communication
2
Communication for Social Change
2
Poverty Reduction: Role of Media
2
Radio for Development
2
Convergence of Media
2
Digital Ethics, AI Ethics, Social Media Ethics, Data & Information Ethics
2
Digital Media, Internet & Religion
2
Cyberfaith / Virtual Spirituality
2
Religious Digital & Social Media Practices
2
Digital Media Management, Online Media Management
2
Digital Platform & Intermediaries Regulation
2
Indigenous Digital & Social Media Communication
2
Digital Political Communication
2
Political Websites & Online Communities
2
Online Magazines & Newspapers
2
Podcasts
2
Online Services
2
Social / Digital Media and ICTs in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Management & Prevention
2
Digitalization, Environment & Sustainable Development
2
Educational Use of ICTs / Internet
2
ICT Policies
2
ICT Sector Personnel / Professionals
2
Disadvantaged Groups & Communication, Minorities & Media
2
Albinism
2
Discrimination in Language & Media
2
Ethnic Television, Minority Television
2
Homeless People
2
Minorities
2
Earthquakes, Floods, Tsunamis, Natural Disasters
2
Identifying & Researching Disinformation
2
Audio Archives, Visual Archives, Media Archives
2
Digital & Online Archives
2
Documentation Systems
2
Library Assistance (Development Cooperation)
2
Local Media Economics & Markets, Local Media Financing
2
Media Market Transparency
2
Transnational Media Markets, International Media Markets
2
Media Ownership Regulation & Transparency
2
Television Economics
2
Economic Conditions
2
Production
2
Education and Communication / Media
2
Audiovisual Media in Education
2
Journalism / Communication Training Centers
2
Literacy, Literacy Campaigns, Postliteracy, Alphabetisation Policies
2
Media Assistance: Educational & Instructional Media
2
Vocational Training
2
Entertainment and Media / Communication
2
Humour, Parody, Satire
2
Leisure
2
Television Dramas
2
Television Serials
2
Communication for Sustainable Development
2
Responsibility
2
Gender Norms & Roles
2
Men, Male Identity, Masculinity
2
Colonial Legacies
2
First World War (1914-1918)
2
History of Communication: Islam
2
History of Communication: Religion
2
History of Photography
2
History of War Reporting
2
Nazism
2
Ethnicity in Communication
2
Indigenous Media, Indigenous Language Media Productions
2
Indigenous Peoples, Indigenous Population
2
Indigenous Radio Broadcasting
2
Africa: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
2
Foreign ICT & Telecommunication Investments & Ownership
2
International News Flow
2
Germany: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
2
Regional (Transnational) Integration & Communication
2
Russia: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
2
Transnational Communication
2
Transnational Television Co-Productions, International Television Co-Productions
2
International Relations
2
NATO
2
OSCE
2
Journalism Education Curricula
2
Exiled Journalists
2
Safety of Journalists: Law & Public Policies
2
Poverty & Impoverished People: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Judaism: Media Representation & Reporting
2
Sexual Abuse Reporting, Sexual Violence Reporting
2
Television Journalism
2
Language Policies
2
Linguistic Diversity: Internet & Digital Media
2
Rhetorics, Public Speaking, Speeches
2
Local Press
2
Media Assistance Donors: Multilateral Organizations
2
Media Assistance: Eastern & Southeast Europe
2
Media Assistance: Interaction with Military Communication Strategies
2
Media Assistance: Journalists' Associations, Media Associations
2
Media Assistance: Press
2
Media Assistance: Self-Regulation, Accountability & Transparency of Media
2
Media Development Indicators
2
Organizational Communication, Institutional Communication
2
Media Privatization
2
Media Literacy: Secondary Education
2
'Comparing Media Systems' (Hallin/Mancini, 2004)
2
Confidential Sources, Whistleblowing, Protection of Journalists' Sources
2
Licensing of Media
2
Media Law & Regulation: Constitutional Law
2
Media Law & Regulation: Transitional Countries
2
Ombudsmen
2
Transitional Justice
2
Corporate Social Responsibility
2
Financing Not-For-Profit & Community Media
2
Organisational & Governing Structures of Media
2
Starting Media Outlets, Creation of Digital Businesses
2
BBC
2
Forced Migration, Forced Displacement
2
Migrants
2
Migration
2
Deaf & Hard of Hearing People
2
People with Disabilities: Reporting & Media Representation
2
Accountability & Transparency
2
Military
2
Communism, Marxism
2
Socialism
2
Political Influence
2
Shrinking Spaces for Civil Society & Political Actors
2
Independent & Oppositional Media
2
Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers, Elites
2
Political Role & Influence of Radio, Radio & Democratization
2
Public Opinion Manipulation
2
Watchdog Role of the Media
2
Radio Dramas, Radio Soap Operas, Radio Fiction
2
Youth Radio Programmes, Youth Radio Stations, School Radios
2
Radio Programming, Programme Structures & Schedules
2
Radio Stations
2
Kothmale Community Radio (Kothmale, Sri Lanka)
2
Radio Chaguarurco (Santa Isabel, Azuay, Ecuador)
2
Radio Liberty
2
Emotions in the Media, Emotional Functions & Messages of Media
2
Media Reception
2
Persuasive Communication
2
Opinion, Opinion Formation, Opinion Change
2
Manipulation
2
Buddhism
2
Esotericism & New Age
2
Islamic Cultures: Role of Media
2
Islamist Communications & Media
2
Jewish Media
2
Religion (General)
2
Religion and Politics
2
Religious Practice
2
Discrimination
2
Sociology
2
Robots, Robotics
2
Satellite Communication & Information Services
2
Television Transmitters
2
Telecommunications
2
WLAN Wireless Internet Access
2
Telecommunication Companies, Mobile Phone & Fixed Line Operators
2
Telephone
2
Regional Television
2
China Global Television Network, CGTN (formerly China Central Television, CCTV)
2
Television Networks
2
Postcolonial & Decolonial Communication Approaches
2
User-Generated Contents
2
Illustrations, Pictures, Images
2
Visual Cultures
2
Youth Activism, Youth Civic Engagement, Youth Political Interests, Youth Protests
2
Youth Cultures, Youth Milieus, Youth Identities
2
Access to Media & Information: Disadvantaged Groups and Minorities
1
Access to Media & Information: Indigenous Populations
1
Access to Media & Information: Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas
1
Media Assistance: Access to Public Information
1
Adblocking
1
Advertising Effects & Impact
1
Children & Advertising
1
Editorial Independence: Influence of Advertisers
1
Electoral Advertising, Political Advertising
1
Local Advertising & Local Advertising Markets
1
Posters
1
Advocacy
1
Advocacy & Empowerment: Indigenous People
1
Celebrity Humanitarianism
1
Mobile Phone Advocacy & Campaigns
1
Agricultural Development & Policies
1
Agricultural Radio Programmes
1
Audience Clubs & Listener Groups
1
Audience Composition
1
Audience Research in Media Assistance
1
Audience Research Under Difficult Conditions
1
Internet & Social Media Use: Minorities
1
Elderly People: Media Use
1
Information Needs
1
Information Needs in Disasters & Humanitarian Crises
1
Media Use: Children
1
Mobile Phone Use: Children
1
Radio Use: Children
1
Television Use: Children
1
Media Use: Conflict Areas
1
Media Use: Entertainment
1
Media Use: Political Information
1
Media Use: Women, Female Media Audiences
1
Media Use: Workers
1
Mobile Phone Use: Youth
1
Television Use: Youth
1
Opinion Polls, Public Opinion Research
1
Print Media Use, Press Readers
1
Religious Media Use, Religious Media Audiences
1
Media Use: Catholic Media Productions
1
Media Law & Regulation: Authoritarian Regimes
1
Book Marketing, Branding & Promotion
1
Book Professionals Education & Training
1
Children's Books: Picture Books
1
Gender and Book Publishing
1
History of Book Publishing
1
Professional, Specialist & Technical Books
1
Transnational Book Trade, International Book Trade
1
Youth Literature & Books
1
Campaigning
1
Behaviour Change Campaigns
1
Campaigning: Effects & Effctiveness
1
Campaigning: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Campaigning: Message Design
1
Campaigning: Planning & Implementation
1
International Media Events
1
Public Awareness Campaigns
1
Catechists & Pastoral Agents
1
Catholic Church & Cinema
1
Catholic Church: Crisis Communication
1
Catholic Church: Public Relations & Institutional Communication
1
Catholic Communication Ethics, Catholic Media Ethics
1
Catholic Marketing
1
Katolícke Noviny (Catholic Weekly, Slovakia)
1
Presencia (Newspaper, Bolivia)
1
Catholic Radios
1
Rádio Lumen (Slovakia)
1
Télé Lumière (Catholic Television Channel, Lebanon)
1
TV Lux (Catholic Television Channel, Slovakia)
1
Catholic Media Council
1
Diocesan Catholic Communication Work
1
Signis
1
UNDA (International Catholic Radio and TV Association, 1928-2001)
1
Solidarity
1
Eastern-Rite Catholic Churches, Oriental Catholic Churches
1
Faith-Based Film Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
Faith-Based Media Literacy Education: Catholic Church
1
Pastoral Plans for Communication
1
Francis (Pope)
1
Popes & Papacy: Media Representation & Communication Strategies
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards the Catholic Church
1
Children and Media
1
Child Abuse Reporting
1
Child Drawings
1
Children & Radio
1
Children & Religion
1
Children: Early Childhood, Toddlers, Preschoolers
1
Children's Magazines
1
Sesame Street (Children's Television Programme)
1
Political Cartoons & Comics
1
Girls and Media
1
Media & Communication Projects: Children
1
Puppetry
1
Bible, Biblical Theology
1
Christian Churches & Denominations
1
Adventist Church
1
Coptic Orthodox Church
1
Evangelical Churches
1
Greek Catholic Church
1
Lutheran Churches
1
Orthodox Churches
1
Christian Churches: Media Assistance
1
Christian Press: Evangelical / Protestant & Others
1
Christian Social Media Presence & Online Communities
1
Sat-7 (Television Channel)
1
Christian Television Programmes
1
WACC
1
Church Marketing
1
Parish Communication, Parish Public Relations
1
Holy Mass Transmission: Television & Social Media
1
Homiletics, Preaching, Sermons
1
Mission
1
Missionary Communication, Media & Evangelisation
1
Sects
1
Digital Theologies
1
African Cinema
1
Awards & Prizes: Film Awards
1
Blockbusters
1
Film Associations, Film Organizations
1
Film & Gender
1
Religious Films
1
Film Trade, Film Export & Import
1
Film Genres
1
Black & White Films
1
Educational Films & Videos
1
Ethnographic Films
1
Horror Films
1
Indigenous Films, Indigenous Videos
1
Silent Films
1
Television Films
1
Violence in the Media: Film
1
Nollywood
1
Film Editing
1
Film Promotion
1
Film Studies & Research
1
Film Technologies
1
Media Assistance: Film Funding
1
Data Protection: Law & Regulation
1
Digital Rights
1
Freedom of Expression Principles
1
World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
1
Censorship Circumvention Tools & Strategies
1
Clandestine Media
1
Secret Services, Intelligence Services
1
History of Press Freedom & Censorship
1
Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (SLAPP)
1
Local Government Communication Strategies
1
NGOs & Civil Society Organizations: Communication Strategies & Practices
1
Nonprofit Public Relations: Experiences
1
Nonprofit Public Relations: Design & Implementation
1
Transnational Public Relations Agencies & Consortia
1
Social Marketing
1
Community Communication
1
Alternative Radios
1
Amateur Films & Videos
1
Community Development: Role of Communication & Media
1
Community Informatics
1
Community Radio Sustainability & Financing
1
Community Radio Training Methods & Training of Trainers
1
Community Television Policies & Regulation
1
Graffiti, Wall Paintings, Street Art
1
Media Assistance: Community Radios
1
Conflicts
1
Conflicts: Victims' Perspectives
1
Ethnic Conflicts
1
Small Arms
1
Bosnia War (1992-1995)
1
Conflict-Sensitive Language
1
Enemy Images
1
Human Security Reporting
1
Peace Culture, Peace Education, Non-Violence
1
Violence in the Media: Reception & Effects
1
Violence in the Media: Glorification
1
Computational Content Analysis
1
Content Analysis (Research Method)
1
Messages, Message Design, Message Analysis
1
Alternative Cultures, Protest Cultures
1
Media Ethnography
1
Religious Functions & Messages of the Media
1
Arts
1
Architecture
1
Artists
1
Performing Arts
1
Religious Art
1
Visual Arts, Painting
1
Cultural Policies
1
Cultural Cooperation (Development Aid)
1
Cultural Diversity
1
Acculturation
1
Cultural Exchange
1
Cultural Heritage
1
Cultural Pluralism
1
Cultural Studies
1
Cultural Systems
1
Digital Humanities
1
Foreign Cultural Policies & Cooperation
1
Literature: Social Criticism
1
Narratives, Narrative Structures
1
Religious Literature & Religious Motifs in Literature
1
Tales, Legends, Traditional Literary Lore
1
Manuscripts, Scripture, Calligraphy
1
Media Cultures
1
Modernization Development Approaches, Developmentalism
1
Multiculturalism
1
Museums
1
National Character
1
Clothing & Fashion
1
Islamic Culture
1
Religious Music
1
Subcultures
1
Donor Coordination, Funder Collaboration, Aid Harmonsation
1
BRICS Countries
1
Church Development Cooperation
1
Development Assistance Criticism
1
USAID - Office of Transition Initiatives (OTI)
1
World Bank
1
National Development Planning
1
Regional Development Planning
1
Millenium Development Goals (MDG)
1
Development Theories
1
Ethics in Development Assistance
1
Perceptions & Attitudes Towards Development Issues and Development Assistance
1
North South Relations
1
Western Approaches
1
Underdevelopment
1
Development Communication: Monitoring & Evaluation
1
Entertainment Education, Edutainment
1
Edutainment Campaigns: Effects & Effectiveness
1
Edutainment Campaigns: Experiences
1
Edutainment Television Programmes
1
Governance Support Communication
1
Cybercrimes
1
Darknet
1
Data Governance, Data Justice, Data Sovereignty
1
Digital Healthcare & Information, Mobile Health, E-Health, Telemedicine
1
Religious Apps
1
Digital Media Research, Digital Communication Research
1
Digital Research Methods
1
Digital & Social Media Effects
1
Google
1
Hackers & Hacking
1
ICANN
1
Internet and Development
1
Internet and Politics
1
Internet Business Management
1
Internet / ICTs and Social Change
1
Multimedia Products & Production
1
Chat
1
WeChat (Messaging, Social Media & Mobile Payment App, China)
1
Internet Markets
1
Netflix
1
Open Access Publishing
1
Sexual Abuse: Digital Media
1
Filter Bubbles & Echo Chambers
1
Influencers (Social Media)
1
Video & Foto Online Communities
1
WhatsApp
1
AI Reporting
1
Female ICT Sector Personnel / Professionals
1
ICT Economics
1
ICT Enterprises
1
World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)
1
Afro-Latin Americans, Afroamerican Population
1
Ethnic Radios, Minority Radios
1
Ethnic / Minority Radio Programmes
1
German-Language Media Abroad
1
Minority Rights
1
Prison Libraries
1
Religious Minorities & Media
1
Civic Engagement, Citizen & Community Participation in Disaster & Humanitarian Crisis Communication
1
Collective Memory: Disasters
1
Disaster Relief & Humanitarian Aid Reporting
1
Disaster Risk & Preparedness Communication, Disaster Prevention Communication
1
Famines: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Humanitarian Aid
1
Infectious Diseases' Outbreak Communication
1
Trust Building in Health & Emergency Communication
1
QAnon (Conspiracy Narrative)
1
Stop.Fake.org (Internet Portal, Kiev)
1
Deepfakes (Realistic-Looking Media Content that has been Modified, Generated or Falsified Using AI)
1
Environmental Disinformation & Misinformation
1
Government-Sponsored Disinformation
1
Archive Management
1
Information Management
1
Indigenous Language Libraries & Archives
1
Preservation of Information
1
Media Monopolies & Oligopolies
1
Press Distribution
1
Game Industries, Game Production
1
Television Industries
1
Competition, Competition Analysis
1
Informal Sector, Informal Economy
1
Video Markets
1
Media Marketing, Branding & Promotion
1
Nonprofit Journalism, Nonprofit Media
1
Radio Economics
1
Financing Radio
1
Financing Television
1
Video on Demand
1
Consumption, Consumer Behaviour, Consumerism
1
Energy Supply, Electricity
1
Industrialized Countries
1
International Economy
1
Investments
1
Foreign Investments
1
Neoliberalism
1
Religion and Economics
1
Traffic & Transport Infrastructure
1
Civic Education: Use & Role of Media
1
Curricula: School Education
1
Education (General)
1
Educational Broadcasting
1
Educational Radios
1
Radio Schools
1
Schools
1
Educational Games, Serious Games
1
Illiteracy, Non-Literate Persons
1
Indigenous Language Education
1
Instructional Media & Teaching Materials
1
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC)
1
Nonformal Education
1
Mobile Learning
1
Students
1
Teaching & Teaching Methods
1
Training of Trainers, Teacher Education
1
Workshops & Seminars: Methods, Tools, Planning, Experiences
1
Elderly People: Reporting & Media Representation
1
Political Parody and Satire
1
Radio Entertainment
1
Sports
1
Sports Reporting
1
Docudrama
1
Television Comedies
1
Television Fiction
1
Climate, Climate Change, Climate Change Adaptation
1
Deserts, Desertification
1
Environmental Organizations
1
Media Assistance: Environmental Communication
1
Countering Defamation & Harassment
1
Defamation, Libel, Slander
1
Defamation: Effects on Victims
1
Ethics & Data Protection in Research
1
Morals
1
Objectivity & Veracity of Reporting
1
Ubuntu (Ethical Concept of Southern African Origin)
1
Values
1
Evaluation Methods, Evaluation Tools
1
Impact Assessment & Outcome Evaluation
1
Media Assistance: Evaluation, Monitoring, Impact Assessment
1
Female Opinion Leaders, Politicians, Decision Makers
1
Gender-Sensitive Journalism
1
Marriage & Partnership
1
Sexuality
1
Women's Magazines, Women's Press
1
Women's Media
1
Women's Organizations
1
Events
1
Innovations
1
Food / Nutrition Communication & Media Representation
1
Health: Media Representation (Factual & Fictional)
1
Cold War (1947-1991)
1
Colonial Period
1
History of Communication Research
1
History of Journalism
1
History of Media: Colonial Period
1
History of Television
1
History of the Press
1
Local History & Memory
1
Second World War (1939-1945)
1
Ethnographic Photography
1
Indigenous Journalists & Communicators
1
Adaptation of Media Products to Other Countries / Cultural Contexts
1
Cross-Cultural Analysis
1
Intercultural Management
1
Arab World / Middle East: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
China: Foreign Media Representation & Image Abroad
1
Glocalization of Media
1
Communication Rights in the Information Society (CRIS)
1
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
1
International Organizations: Media Coverage & Image
1
Transnational Journalism Cooperation & News Exchange
1
Turkey: International Broadcasting, Public Diplomacy, Image Abroad
1
USA: International Broadcasting & Public Diplomacy
1
International Organizations
1
UNICEF
1
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
1
World Trade Orgaization (WTO)
1
International Politics
1
Awards & Prizes: Journalism Awards
1
Civic Journalism, Public Journalism
1
Collaborative Journalism, Journalism Cooperation
1
Constructive Journalism, Solution-Oriented Journalism
1
Financing Journalism
1
Journalism Studies & Research
1
Journalistic Genres
1
Reportage
1
Journalistic Practices & Routines
1
Journalistic Style & Language
1
Editors
1
Youth Journalists, Youth Correspondents, Youth Media Volunteers
1
News Values, News Selection Criteria
1
Integrated Regional Information Networks (IRIN)
1
Print Journalism
1
Business & Economics Journalism
1
Families: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Foreign Cultures & Peoples: Media Representation & Reporting
1
Foreign Policy Reporting
1
Science Journalism
1
Abbreviations
1
Slavic Languages
1
Local Governance & Accountability: Role of Media
1
Local Radios, Local Radio Programmes
1
China: Media Assistance
1
France: Media Assistance
1
Japan: Media Assistance
1
European Endowment for Democracy (EED)
1
Media Assistance Donors: Corporate Donors
1
Media Assistance Donors: Foundations & Private Donors
1
Media Assistance: Effects
1
Media Assistance: Funding Policies
1
Media Development Investment Fund (MDIF)
1
Media Assistance: Institutional Support & Core Funding
1
Media Assistance: Lessons Learned
1
Media Assistance: Training Institutions
1
Norway: Media Assistance
1
Poland: Media Assistance
1
Sweden: Media Assistance
1
United Kingdom: Media Assistance
1
Communication
1
Communication & Information Needs
1
Informal Communication Channels, Networks & Structures
1
Information
1
Dissemination of Information
1
Information Exchange
1
Presentation of Information
1
Interpersonal Communication, Interpersonal Relations
1
Nonverbal Communication, Body Language, Gestures
1
Social Communication
1
Deregulation & Liberalisation of Media
1
Media Democratization
1
Radio Policies
1
Digital Literacy: Youth
1
Media Literacy: Producing Participatory Videos
1
Media Literacy: Teacher Training
1
Media Literacy Policies
1
Social Media Landscapes
1
Civil Rights
1
Economic / Social / Cultural Rights
1
Forced Labour & Human Trafficking
1
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY)
1
Media Governance
1
Media Regulation Practices
1
Religious Freedom
1
Sharia, Fatwas
1
Truth & Reconciliation Commissions
1
Brain Drain
1
Failures, Mistakes, Shortcomings: Experiences & Learnings
1
Financing Press & Print Media
1
Personnel Recruitment, Staff Recruitment
1
Newspaper Management
1
Organisational Development & Capacity Building
1
Quality Criteria, Quality Standards
1
Radio Management
1
Religious Media Management & Financing
1
Malaysiakini (Online News Portal, Malaysia)
1
Migrants, Refugees, Diasporas & Media
1
Labour Migration
1
Migrants & Refugees: Tailor-Made Media Products & Information Services
1
Blind & Visually Impaired People
1
People with Disabilities: Access to & Use of ICT and Media
1
Colonial Photography
1
Selfies, Self-Portrait Photographs
1
Arab Spring (2010-2012)
1
Clientelism
1
Governance
1
Government Policies
1
Internal Politics
1
Political Change
1
Hindu Nationalism
1
Totalitarianism
1
Political Opposition
1
Political Preferences
1
Semi-Authoritarian Regimes & Defective Democracies
1
Failed States
1
Hybrid Political Systems
1
Personal Safety
1
State
1
Public Administration
1
Centralization
1
Decentralization
1
Agenda Setting
1
Election Monitoring
1
Governance & Accountability as Focus of Radio Programmes
1
Political Discourse
1
Editing
1
Newspaper Economics
1
Gazeta Wyborzca (Newspaper, Poland)
1
SME (Newspaper, Slovakia)
1
Periodicals
1
Co-Production
1
Television Production
1
Local Ownership, Local Stakeholder Participation
1
Stakeholders, Stakeholder Analysis, Stakeholder Participation
1
Public Service Broadcasting: Religious Programmes
1
Foreign Language Radio Programmes
1
Religious Radio Programmes
1
Radio Studies & Research
1
Commercial Radios
1
Radio Tartu (Tartu, Estonia)
1
Regional Radios
1
Radio Engineering & Technologies
1
Cyberpsychology
1
Helplines, Hotlines
1
Assimilation
1
Everyday Life
1
Ideologies
1
Prejudices
1
Consciousness
1
Identity & Identity Development
1
Socialization
1
Social Functions & Effects of the Media
1
Social Integration: Role of Media
1
Television Reception & Effects
1
Confucianism
1
God
1
Images in Religion, Images of God
1
Mythology
1
New Religious Movements
1
Pilgrimages & Pilgrimage Sites
1
Religion and State
1
Religious Change
1
Religious Criticism in the Media
1
Religious History
1
Religious Movements
1
Religious Television Programmes
1
Youth & Religion
1
Youth & Religious Communication
1
Applied Communication Research
1
Communication & Media Research Associations & Networks
1
Communication Research Design
1
Television Studies & Research
1
Research Methods
1
Analysis
1
Digital Sources
1
Participatory Research
1
Participatory Research Methods
1
Focus Groups & Group Discussions (Qualitative Research Method)
1
Interviewing (Qualitative Research Method)
1
Questionnaires, Questionnaire Design
1
Reliability
1
Statistical Data: Collection, Analysis & Interpretation
1
Crimes, Criminality, Organized Crime
1
Government Crimes
1
Countering Discrimination & Racism
1
Violence
1
Disappeared People, Missing People
1
Domestic Violence
1
Witchcraft, Sorcery
1
Coalition Building
1
Apartheid
1
Ethnocentrism
1
Rohingya
1
Social Anthropology
1
Social Movements
1
Networks & Networking
1
Participation
1
Population
1
Reality & Communication, Truth & Media
1
Resilience
1
Social Development
1
Social Policies
1
Social Sciences Research
1
Inequalities
1
Dalits
1
Social Systems
1
Traditional Society
1
Computer Networks, Local Area Networks (LAN)
1
Computers
1
Intranet
1
Open Source Software
1
Technologies: Impact Assessment
1
Technology Transfer
1
Mobile Phone Apps
1
Mobile Phone Use for Social Purposes, Mobiles for Development
1
Telecommunication Industries & Markets
1
HispanTV (Iranian International Broadcaster)
1
Hromadske TV (Internet Television Channel, Ukraine)
1
Open Broadcast Network (Bosnia)
1
TeleSur (Television Channel)
1
Cultural Television Programmes
1
Reality Television Programmes & Daily Talks
1
Television Talk Shows
1
Television Programmes, Specific
1
Suburbs, Poor Districts, Slums, Shanty Towns
1
Youth & Religious Communication: Catholic Church
1
Youth Films & Videos
1
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Document type
Countries / Regions
Authors & Publishers
Media focus
Publication Years
Methods applied
Journals
Output Type
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Survey on the impact of online disinformation and hate speech
Quick Overview

Paris: UNESCO;Ipsos (2023), 35 slides
"On average in the 16 countries surveyed, 56% of internet users frequently use social media to stay informed about current events, far ahead of television (44%). However, it is worth noting that differences exist among population groups: television is the primary source in the most developed countri ... more
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Churches Online in Times of Corona. Die CONTOC-Studie: Empirische Einsichten, Interpretationen und Perspektiven

Thomas Schlag, Ilona Nord, Wolfgang Beck, Arnd Bünker, Georg Lämmlin, Sabrina Müller, Johann Pock, Martin Rothgangel (eds.)
Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2023), viii, 599 pp.
"Die CONTOC-Studie hat in ökumenischer und internationaler Ausrichtung die digitale kirchliche Praxis unter den Bedingungen der Corona-Pandemie im Frühsommer 2020 erforscht. Dieser Band dokumentiert die Rahmenbedingungen und Umfrageergebnisse in den beteiligten Ländern. Daran schließen sich Pers ... more
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Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective

Michael Butter, Peter Knight (eds.)
London; New York: Routledge (2023), xvi, 397 pp.
"Covid Conspiracy Theories in Global Perspective examines how conspiracy theories and related forms of misinformation and disinformation about the Covid-19 pandemic have circulated widely around the world. Covid conspiracy theories have attracted considerable attention from researchers, journalists, ... more
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ReSounding Poverty: Romani Music and Development Aid

Adriana Helbig
New York: Oxford University Press (2023), 240 pp.
"ReSounding Poverty offers a microethnography of economic networks that impact the daily lives of Romani musicians on the borders of the former Soviet Union and the European Union. It argues that the development aid allotted to provide economic assistance to Romani communities, when analyzed from th ... more
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Defunding Disinformation in the Balkans: How International Brands Support Russia’s Agenda

Brussels: Balkan Free Media Initiative (BFMI);CRTA (2023), 39 pp.
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DRG Learning, Evaluation, And Research (DRG-LER) II Activity: Anti-Corruption Learning Agenda Final Report

Matt Baker
Washington, DC: USAID;Duke Center for International Development (2023), xvii, 142 pp.
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Moldova Media Enabling Democracy, Inclusion, and Accountability (MEDIA-M): Performance Evaluation

USAID (2023), 134 pp.
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Donor Strategies in a time of Paradigm Shift: Mapping of the Donors Active in the Western Balkans

Miroslav Tomic, Mihailo Gajic, Ardiana Gashi
Open Society Foundations, 3rd ed. (2023), 43 pp.
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Southern European Journalists’ Perceptions of Discursive Menaces in the Age of (Online) Delegitimization

David Blanco-Herrero, Sergio Splendore, Martín Oller Alonso
Politics and Governance, volume 11, issue 2 (2023), pp. 210-220
"In a new communication context, factors such as the rise of hate speech, disinformation, or a precarious financial and employment situation in the media have made discursive menaces gain increasing significance. Threats of this kind challenge the legitimacy of institutional news media and professio ... more
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Becoming a Target: Journalists’ Perspectives on Anti-Press Discourse and Experiences with Hate Speech

Cedomir Markov, Ana Dordevic
Journalism Practice, volume 18, issue 2 (2023), pp. 283-300
"In many parts of the world, journalists work in increasingly hostile environments. To better understand the characteristics and implications of hostility against the press in a hybrid regime, this study explores how journalists in Serbia perceive and experience anti-press hate speech. Based on 20 i ... more
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Digital Warfare and Peace: Learning from Ukraine’s Response to the Russian Invasion

Anna Romandash
Tokyo: Toda Peace Institute (2023), 15 pp.
"Before launching a full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, Russia had maintained a low-scale war with Ukraine since early 2014. That conflict, which culminated in the annexation of the Crimean peninsula and the ongoing Donbas war, received less international attention than the 2022 ful ... more
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Case study: Strengthening media as a stakeholder in peacebuilding. Learning from peacebuilding in Kosovo and Serbia

London: Peaceful Change Initiative (2023), 12 pp.
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Women in Media: Serbia Survey

Tamara Skrozza, Miodrag Mrkšic, Katarina Tomovic
London: Peaceful Change Initiative (2023), 29 pp.
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Women in Media: Kosovo Survey

Dafina Halili, Dion Krasniqi, Gentiana Sylejmani
London: Peaceful Change Initiative (2023), 31 pp.
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“I Know Which Devil I Write for”: Two Types of Autonomy Among Czech Journalists Remaining in and Leaving the Prime Minister’s Newspapers

Johana Kotisova, Lenka W. Císa¡rová
International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 28, issue 1 (2023), pp. 238-256
"This paper examines two different understandings of professional autonomy among journalists currently and formerly working at Mafra, a Czech media house acquired in 2013 by Andrej Babiš, who in 2017 became the Czech Prime Minister. We build on existing research of local trends in media ownership a ... more
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Ich habe in Bulgarien viel Positives erlebt

Hendrik Sittig
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS), Medienprogramm Südosteuropa (2023), 4 pp.
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The paperboys of Russian messaging: RT/Sputnik audiences as vehicles for malign information influence

Charlotte Wagnsson
Information, Communication & Society, volume 26, issue 9 (2023), pp. 1849-1867
"This article examines the reception and dissemination of ‘malign information influence’ (MII) in a liberal democracy; information sponsored by authoritarian regimes or other hostile actors and projected through international broadcasting outlets across borders. The study contributes to the scar ... more
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Media Mapping and Dealing with the Past

Getoarbë Mulliqi-Bojaj, Abit Hoxha, Milan Spirovski
forum ZFD Kosovo & North Macedonia (2023), 23 pp.
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Ukraine. Digital Threat Landscape: Civil Society & Media

Martijn Grooten, Ashley Fowler, Marc Shaffer et al.
Internews (2023), 15 pp.
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Forensic Conflict Studies: Making Sense of War in the Social Media Age

Jakob Hauter
Media, War & Conflict, volume 16, issue 2 (2023), pp. 153-172
"Online media is a blessing and a curse for academic research on war. On the one hand, the internet provides unprecedented access to information from conflict zones. On the other hand, the prevalence of disinformation can make it difficult to use this information in a transparent way. This article p ... more