Country and Region-Specific Safety Issues

Journalism and self-censorship in the insecure democracies of Central America

José Luis Benítez

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 13-28

"This chapter focuses on the context of violence and political polarization in three Central American countries: Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador, and analyses how these conditions negatively affect press freedom and the practice of journalism. The author argues that the notion of “insecure dem ... more

Double-edged knife: Practices and perceptions of technology and digital security among Mexican journalists in violent contexts

Rubén Arnoldo González, Frida V. Rodelo

Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society, volume 3, issue 1 (2020), pp. 22-42

"Violence against Mexican journalists has received significant attention from scholars at home and abroad during the last decade. However, though a diversity of issues have been consistently studied, there is one topic that is still largely neglected: the implications of technology for news workers� ... more

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The danger of words: Major challenges facing Myanmar journalists on reporting the Rohingya conflict

Nyan Lynn

Media Asia, volume 47, issue 1 (2020), pp. 4-22

"Due to the fighting between the Myanmar Army and the Rohingya militant group Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA) in August 2017, hundreds of thousands of stateless Rohingya Muslims fled to Bangladesh. The Myanmar Army was accused of committing torture, atrocities, arson and gang-rapes against the ... more

Pushing a Political Agenda: Harassment of French and African Journalists in Côte d’Ivoire’s 2010-2011 National Election Crisis

Jeslyn Lemke

International Journal of Communication, volume 14 (2020), pp. 472-490

"Côte d’Ivoire’s national election in 2010 descended into civil war into 2011 when incumbent President Laurent Gbagbo refused to concede the presidency to the internationally recognized winner Alassane Ouattara. The three political players in this election—the parties of Ouattara, Gbagbo, and ... more

Covid 19 and the Safety of Media Personnel in Nigeria

Joseph B. Ayodele

Revista de Studii Media, volume 9 (2020), pp. 14-23

"This paper investigated media personnel employers’compliance with safety and protection of professionals in charge of dissemination of information whenever their assignments take them to places where their lives could be at risk. The occupational safety and health convention spells out the requir ... more

Online surveillance and the repressive Press Council Bill 2018. A two-pronged approach to media self-censorship in Nigeria

Olunifesi Adekunle Suraj

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 80-99

"This chapter examines the perceptions of Nigerian journalists towards the Nigerian Press Council Bill 2018 and the governments’ online surveillance. The study employs survey and interview methods: 217 Nigerian media practitioners selected from print and online media responded to the questionnaire ... more

Risk perception and negotiation of safety among Ugandan female journalists covering political demonstrations

Aisha Sembatya Nakiwala

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 130-147

"Safety of female journalists in and beyond the newsroom continues to stimulate debate on how risky environments can trigger self-censorship among journalists, yet few studies have investigated women journalists’ experience of risk in specific work contexts. This chapter examines the perception of ... more

Safety and self-censorship: Examining their linkage to social media use among Uganda journalists

Florence Namasinga Selnes

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 164-180

"This chapter’s point of departure lies in its focus on how journalists and media organizations navigate through unsafe environments and avoid self-censorship. The study specifically explores the connection between safety and self-censorship and journalist’s deployment of social media in the Uga ... more

Democracy at Stake: Self-Censorship as a Self-Defence Strategy for Journalists

Gerald Walulya, Goretti L. Nassanga

Media and Communication, volume 8, issue 1 (2020), pp. 5-14

"The media play an essential role of informing and mobilising voters as well as facilitating a two-way communication process between citizens and those vying for electoral offices during elections. This allows citizens to get information on various issues from the contenders, which largely informs t ... more

Chilling or cosy effects? Zimbabwean journalists’ experiences and the struggle for definition of self-censorship

Nhamo Anthony Mhiripiri

In: Journalist Safety and Self-Censorship

Ingrid Fadnes; Anna Grøndahl Larsen; Roy Krøvel (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), pp. 47-64

"The definition of censorship denotes direct or overt restriction on free expression or freedom of the media. The popular understanding of self-censorship involves a person’s involuntary self-silencing. A journalist’s wilful, personal, intentional self-censorship, at times motivated by selfish m ... more

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Journalists' Safety and Multifaceted Censorship in Colombia

Yennué Zárate Valderrama

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 298-318

"Safety of journalists has been studied as part of freedom of expression. This chapter seeks to address issues surrounding journalists' safety and censorship in Colombia by shedding light on a triple menace: the decrease in journalistic quality, citizens' right to information, and the influence on j ... more

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Covering Mindanao: The Safety of Local Vs. Non-local Journalists in the Field

Marte Høiby

Journalism Practice, volume 14, issue 1 (2020), pp. 67-83

"In this study, I examine the perilous conditions facing Filipino journalists covering the Mindanao region, focusing on differences in threats and dangers faced by those who are local to the region and those parachuting in from Manila. Using a qualitative approach, I have conducted one group intervi ... more

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The Role of Ghanaian News Media Organisations in Countering Threats to Media Freedom and Journalists' Safety

Gifty Appiah-Adjei

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 186-213

"Journalist safety is vital to media freedom as it shows stakeholders' duties to protect the media from crime and to guard media freedom. The media have the power to combat problems via coverage, yet evidence submits that journalist insecurity persists in Ghana. So, the study aims to examine how the ... more

Latinx Feminist Activism for the Safety of Women Journalists

Aimée Vega Montiel

In: The Routledge Handbook of Gender and Communication

Marnel Niles Goins; Joan Faber McAlister; Bryant Keith Alexander (eds.)

London; New York: Routledge (2020), 10 pp.

"Gender-based violence against women journalists has increased dramatically, both offline and online. These professionals face more barriers to performing their roles in safe conditions. Slow progress has been made by governments and news media industries to protect women journalists. Most of the pr ... more

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Silencing the Media and Chaining the Watchdog: Threats to Journalist Safety During Elections in Nigeria

Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim, Umaru A. Pate, Abdulsamad Muhammad Usman

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 214-240

"Over the last two decades, Nigeria has been struggling to consolidate its democratic processes to ensure peaceful campaigns and free and fair polls. But electoral processes require the free flow of verified electoral information and citizen's participation – phenomena that only free media can gua ... more

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Censorship, the Media, and the Market in China

Jonathan Hassid

Journal of Chinese Political Science, volume 25 (2020), pp. 285–309

"Pervasive media censorship in China is often seen as a strictly political issue. Although in past years reporters have had leeway to report on economic issues, the Chinese Party/state has moved to tamp down economic journalism, even arresting those who report on bad economic news. This shift brings ... more

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Illegal assaults and treatment of journalists: A big challenge to the journalism profession in Nigeria

Adegboyega Adedolapo Ola

Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, volume 12, issue 3 (2020), pp. 151-161

"One of the greatest obstacles confronting the journalism profession in the discharge of their duties is the indiscriminate physical and digital threat being experienced by journalists all over the world, particularly within sub-Saharan Africa. The continuous attacks facing journalists in Africa, mo ... more

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Stronger and Safer Together: Motivations for and Challenges of (Trans)National Collaboration in Investigative Reporting in Latin America

Lourdes M. Cueva Chacón, Magdalena Saldaña

Digital Journalism, volume 9, issue 2 (2020), pp. 196-214

"Despite the growing scholarship on investigative journalism in Latin America, very few studies have addressed collaboration across newsrooms in the region. By analyzing the responses of 251 journalists who work for investigative units in Latin American news outlets, this study explores a) the reaso ... more

Psychological distress in Afghan journalists: A descriptive study

Jonas Osmann, Abdul Mujeeb Khalvatgar, Anthony Feinstein

Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, volume 2, issue 3 (2020), pp. 115-123

"Afghanistan is one of the world’s most dangerous places for journalists. There are, however, no data on the mental health of Afghan journalists covering conflict in their country. The study aims to determine the degree to which Afghan journalists are exposed to traumatic events, their perceptions ... more

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