"This article advances extant research that has audited search algorithms for misinformation in four respects. Firstly, this is the first misinformation audit not to implement a national but a cross-national research design. Secondly, it retrieves results not in response to the most popular query te
...
rms. Instead, it theorizes two semantic dimensions of search terms and illustrates how they impact the number of misinformative results returned. Furthermore, the analysis not only captures the mere presence of misinformative content but in addition whether the source websites are affiliated with a key misinformation actor (Russia’s ruling elites) and whom the conspiracy narratives cast as the malicious plotters. Empirically, the audit compares Covid-19 conspiracy theories in Google search results across 5 key target countries of Russia’s foreign communication (Belarus, Estonia, Germany, Ukraine, and the US) and Russia as of November 2020 (N = 5280 search results). It finds that, across all countries, primarily content published by mass media organizations rendered conspiracy theories visible in search results. Conspiratorial content published on websites affiliated with Russia’s ruling elites was retrieved in the Belarusian, German and Russian contexts. Across all countries, the majority of conspiracy narratives suspected plotters from China. Malicious actors from the US were insinuated exclusively by sources affiliated with Russia’s elites. Overall, conspiracy narratives did not primarily deepen divides within but between national communities, since – across all countries – only plotters from beyond the national borders were blamed. To conclude, the article discusses methodological advice and promising paths of research for future cross-national search engine audits." (Abstract)
more
"Using a two-level randomized experiment covering 5 million people in Burkina Faso, we examine the impact on family planning knowledge and behavior of both general exposure to mass media (800 women receive radios in status quo areas) and an intensive evidence-based family planning campaign (8 of 16
...
radio stations receive the campaign and 800 women receive radios in campaign areas). Women receiving radios in status quo areas reduce contraception use by 5.2 percentage points. This negative effect is concentrated among those who wanted fewer children, consistent with mass media increasing social pressure to conform to the modal behavior in the media market. In contrast, receiving a radio in campaign areas increases contraception use by 5.8 percentage points. Comparing women in campaign vs noncampaign areas we find contraception use is 5.9 percentage points higher, births 10% lower, misperceptions about contraception lower, and reported welfare 0.27 standard deviations higher in campaign areas." (Abstract)
more
"As there are many and sometimes ambivalent intersections of health and religion, strategic collaborations with religious opinion leaders in health campaigns have been increasingly explored. Despite the known influence of distinct contextual factors within emergency and non-emergency settings, exist
...
ing research seldom distinguishes between those different factors and their impact on the inclusion of religious leaders as health messengers. To compare the contextual factors of religious leaders as health messengers during emergency and non-emergency situations in a setting with high religious affiliations, this study used a qualitative approach and triangulated the perspectives of three different samples, including (religious) opinion leaders, members of religious communities, and developers of health communication strategies in Sierra Leone. The results provide multifaceted insights into contextual factors applicable to emergency and non-emergency settings as well as the risks and opportunities. Recommendations for the incorporation of religious leaders in health promotion activities in consideration of different contextual factors are provided." (Abstract)
more
"Gaza has experienced five near-total communications blackouts since since 7 October 2023.1 People cannot access critical information. They cannot reach loved ones. Aid agencies cannot contact staff or coordinate assistance. Media coverage and documentation is further restricted." (Page 1)
"Die kenianische, auch mit deutschem Geld produzierte Serie "Country Queen"läuft auf Arte und weltweit auf Netflix. Sie ist raffiniert erzählt - und ein Glücksfall für das globale Lagerfeuer." (Einleitung)
"Responding to widespread concerns about misinformation’s impact on democracy, we conducted an experiment in which we exposed German participants to different degrees of misinformation on COVID-19 connected to politicized (immigration) and apolitical (runners) issues (N = 1,490). Our key findings
...
show that partially false information is more credible and persuasive than completely false information, and also more difficult to correct. People with congruent prior attitudes are more likely to perceive misinformation as credible and agree with its positions than people with incongruent prior attitudes. We further show that although fact-checkers can lower the perceived credibility of misinformation on both runners and migrants, corrective messages do not affect attitudes toward migrants. As a key contribution, we show that different degrees of misinformation can have different impacts: more nuanced deviations from facticity may be more harmful as they are difficult to detect and correct while being more credible." (Abstract)
more
"In 2015, the UN Member States adopted the 17 SDGs as a framework that would help address the challenges being faced by humanity. From eradicating poverty, ending hunger, providing universal access to healthcare and education, and addressing climate change; to the partnering of individuals, communit
...
ies, and nation-states to achieve global goals. Yet, the framers of the 2030 agenda forgot to dedicate one goal focused on the role of communication in achieving the SDGs. It is nearly impossible to achieve the SDGs without the articulation and embrace of the role of communication in development. Today, development has become a communication issue, and communication is a development issue. How could such a vital pillar of life be missing in the UN's Sustainable Development Goals? Volume 1 provides an overview of what the contributors have termed as the 'missing link' between existing SDGs: Communication for All." (Publisher description)
more
"[...] Tonny Njuguna ist Schauspieler und einer der beiden Moderatoren von Shamba Shape Up, einer Reality-TV-Show aus Kenia. "Shamba" bedeutet Farm in der Landessprache Kisuaheli, "shape up" ist Englisch und heißt so viel wie aufmotzen oder pimpen. Allein in Kenia schauen Woche für Woche bis zu ne
...
un Millionen Menschen zu – und das bei 55 Millionen Einwohnern. Das Format ist so erfolgreich, dass Shamba Shape Up mittlerweile fast in jedem großen kenianischen Fernsehsender Nachahmer hat und das Original in andere ostafrikanische Länder exportiert wird.
Shamba Shape Up gibt es seit 2010, und während das Team die dreizehnte Staffel dreht, läuft im Fernsehen die zwölfte. Die Idee hat Ähnlichkeiten mit MTVs Pimp My Ride, wo der Rapper Xzibit Anfang der 2000er Schrottautos tunen ließ. Bei Shamba Shape Up geht es dagegen um andere Dinge: um das richtige Futter für die Kühe, wie man seine Farm an die Klimakrise anpasst und wann es sinnvoll ist, sich gegen Ernteausfälle zu versichern. Um finanzielle Bildung für Bauern, darum, was es heißt, sich gut zu ernähren, und was man tun kann, wenn der eigene Hof von eingewanderten Pflanzen überwuchert wird. Das Wichtigste dabei ist, dass nicht nur den Bauern geholfen wird, sondern die Zuschauer etwas lernen. Zum Beispiel, wie man Passionsfrüchte richtig pflanzt. So wie Vivien Machanury jedenfalls nicht. Ihre ersten Pflanzen waren zu widerspenstigen Büschen herangewachsen, deren mickrige Früchte sie aus dem Gestrüpp herausschütteln musste. Drei Tage lang wird das Filmteam auf ihrem Hof drehen, am Ende soll sie wissen, was sie besser machen kann: "Ich kenne das aus meinem vorigen Job: sich auf ein Projekt konzentrieren, dann das nächste angehen."
Vivian Machanury ist 50 Jahre alt. Vor drei Jahren hat sie ihren Beruf bei einem Telefonnetz-Betreiber aufgegeben. An der Wand ihres Hauses hängen noch Auszeichnungen als Mitarbeiterin des Monats und Zertifikate von Weiterbildungen. In ihrem Job hatte sie zuletzt ein Team von 50 Mitarbeitenden unter sich. Dann wurde sie Bäuerin. "Weißt du", sagt sie zu Tonny Njuguna, "ich habe mir das nur zugetraut, weil ich immer eure Sendung geguckt habe." Der ist sichtlich gerührt. "Das müssen wir gleich noch mal vor der Kamera machen", sagt er. [...]"
more
"Research into the use of social media by Indigenous youth and their health and wellness is an emerging field. Of the twenty-six publications selected, over three quarters were published in 2015 or later. Almost half the studies in the corpus—eleven in all—took place in Canada. They were mainly
...
carried out using qualitative methodologies and target young adults, i.e., young people over the age of eighteen. In general, authors use exploratory designs and present descriptive results. The semi-structured interview is the most frequent method used to characterize use in over half the cases. All of the publications in the corpus cover at least one of the four characteristics of use: time, device, platform, or activity. The three most common social media activities are communicating (sending or receiving messages from friends and family), getting informed (seeking advice on anxiety, for example), and discovering and promoting one’s culture (consulting pages or groups specific to Indigenous peoples). The examination of health themes in the corpus was guided by an Indigenous perspective on health and wellness. This is based on four facets—mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical— and is rooted in culture and territory, at both the individual and the community level. Six health themes emerge from the corpus, presented in order of frequency: identity and culture, social relations, health information, cyberbullying, racism, and other forms of violence, mental health, and lifestyle habits." (Highlights, page 1)
more