"People across 27 countries are divided on whether they trust traditional media (magazines and newspapers, TV and radio). These sources are equally trusted as they are distrusted. However, levels of trust in media sources vary greatly at the country level. Trust in traditional media is perceived to
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have decreased over the past five years. This survey shows two main contributing factors: the prevalence of fake news and doubts about media sources’ good intentions. Online media websites are slightly less trusted than traditional media, but trust in them is not reported to have dropped as extensively over the past five years. Proximity to people matters. People are most trusting of other people they know them personally. Furthermore, personal relationships are the only source of news and information that is perceived to have gained in trustworthiness over the past five years. Opinions vary widely across countries as to whether public broadcasters can be trusted more than private ones, depending on how broadcasting services are organized and controlled." (Key findings)
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"Images of suffering children have long been used to illustrate the violence and horror of conflict. In recent years, it is images of dead children that have garnered attention from media audiences around the world. In response to the deaths of four children killed by the Israeli army while playing
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on a Gazan beach, Israeli Prime Minister Netenyahu accused Hamas of generating “telegenically dead” Palestinian children for their cause (CNN 2014). In this article, it argues with this term to consider the appearance of images of dead children in global politics. I draw on a growing literature relating to the corpse as a subject in international relations (IR), asking how children's bodies are understood, following Butler, as “grievable lives.” It explores the notion of “iconic” images and the politics of sharing images of dead bodies and consider global power relations that allow certain children's deaths to be visible and not others. Through this analysis, the article argues that the idea of telegenic death might be productively considered to understand how the fleshy reality of children's deaths contribute to discussions about the representation and visibility of children in contexts of crisis and conflict." (Abstract)
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"Addressing depression in young people is a health-care policy need in sub-Saharan Africa. There exists poor mental health literacy, high levels of stigma, and weak capacity at the community level to address this health-care need. These challenges are significant barriers to accessing mental health
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care for depression, soon to be the largest single contributor to the global burden of disease. We here describe an innovative approach that addresses these issues simultaneously while concurrently strengthening key mental health components in existing education and health-care systems as successfully applied in Malawi and replicated in Tanzania. Improving the pathway to care for young people with depression requires the following: improving mental health literacy (MHL) of communities, youth, and teachers; enhancing case identification and linking schools to community health clinics; improving the capacity of community health-care providers to identify, diagnose, and effectively treat depression in youth. Funded by Grand Challenges Canada, we developed and applied a program called “An Integrated Approach to Addressing the Challenge of Depression Among the Youth in Malawi and Tanzania” (IACD). This was an example of, a horizontally integrated pathway to care model designed to be applied in low-resource settings. The model is designed to 1) improve awareness/knowledge of mental health and mental disorders (especially depression) in communities; 2) enhance mental health literacy among youth and teachers within schools; 3) enhance capacity for teachers to identify students with possible depression; 4) create linkages between schools and community health clinics for improved access to mental health care for youth identified with possible depression; and 5) enhance the capacity of community-based health-care providers to identify, diagnose, and effectively treat youth with depression. With the use of interactive, youth-informed weekly radio programs, mental health curriculum training for teachers and peer educators in secondary schools, and a clinical competency training program for community-based health workers, the innovation created a “hub and spoke” model for improving mental health care for young people. Positive results obtained in Malawi and replicated in Tanzania suggest that this approach may provide an effective and potentially sustainable framework for enhancing youth mental health care, thus providing a policy ready framework that can be considered for application in sub-Saharan Africa." (Abstract)
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"In this chapter I explore the challenging move from the borderlands and the growth of the media sector inside the ethnic states. The outlets launched inside now outnumber those that have moved inside. BNI's members - now totalling fourteen - are also in the minority. Yet in many ways it is Burma Ne
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ws International (BNI) and its members that have put ethnic media on the map inside Myanmar, and their struggles say much about the sector." (Page 211)
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"This book addresses gaps in our understanding of processes that underpin the making and circulation of children's screen contents across the Arab region and Europe. Taking account of recent disruptive shifts in geopolitics that call for new thinking about how children's media policy and production
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should proceed after large-scale forced migration in both regions, the book asks to what extent children in Europe and the Arab World are engaging with the same content. Who is funding new content and who is making it, according to whose criteria? Whose voices are loudest when it comes to pressures for regulation of children's screen content, and what exactly do they want? The answers to these questions matter for anyone seeking insights into diverse cross-cultural collaborations and content innovations that are shaping new investment and production relationships." (Publisher description)
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"Students who received Learn to Discern (L2D) lessons performed better on all assessment tasks: identifying facts and opinions, false stories, hate speech, and demonstrated deeper knowledge of the news media sector. L2D students reported healthier media consumption habits and behavior and viewed cri
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tical information consumption skills (CIC) as more useful in their lives. Females performed better than males in most survey tasks, reported greater appreciation of critical information consumption skills, and reported better critical information consumption practices. L2D students found courses that integrated critical information consumption lessons more interesting and memorable than the students who did not take courses integrated with L2D." (Highligts, slide 9)
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"Even at the most audience-informed organizations, journalists recognize the immense difficulty in making sense of what audience members and relevant experts know, particularly without presently available tools and ample staff. This work is hard, yet there is an increasing amount of interest in it.
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We hear more reporters, editors, and audience development staff around the world asking: how can this work be operationalized? With this report you see what we have learned so far about memberful routines. We close by highlighting some of the limits and cautions of working closely with members. We do this not to dissuade you from pursuing these routines, but to help as you undertake your own projects with members, donors, subscribers, and contributors: not every story can have, and not every story should have, reader involvement; make it crystal clear to community members: Everyone has opinions. Your opinions will not run our newsroom; member engagement is hard work. Staff need to be identified, trained, and given time to do it right; be ready to handle the incoming traffic if your callouts and other outreach succeed and you have plenty of takers. Design for potential over-supply of information!; project management is a discipline unto itself. Without it, news sites will find it hard to succeed at establishing memberful routines; members in their natural state do not necessarily know what news organizations need from them. We have to teach them that part." (Conclusion, page 53)
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"International media coverage of the Arab world and its many complex, interconnected conflicts is dominated by the work of Western correspondents, many of whom are white and male--meaning we see only one side of the story. But a growing number of intrepid Arab women, whose access to and understandin
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g of their subjects are vastly different than their Western counterparts, are working tirelessly to shape more nuanced narratives about their homelands through their work as reporters and photojournalists. Their voices have rarely been heard on the international stage--until now. In Our Women on the Ground, nineteen of these women tell us, in their own words, about what it's like to report on conflicts that are (quite literally) close to home. From sexual harassment on the streets of Cairo to the impossibility of traveling without a male relative in Yemen, their challenges are unique--as are their advantages, such as being able to speak candidly with other women or gain entry to places that an outsider would never be able to access. Their daring, shocking, and heartfelt stories, told here for the first time, shatter stereotypes about Arab women and provide an urgently needed perspective on a part of the world that is often misunderstood." (Publisher description)
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"What is the role of the news media in telling the story of the 2010s refugee crisis at a time of deepening crisis for journalism, as “fake news” ran rampant amid an increasingly distrustful public? This volume offers students, scholars, and the general reader original research and candid frontl
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ine insights to understand the intersecting influences of journalistic practices, news discourses, public opinion, and policymaking on one of the most polarizing issues of our time. Focusing on current events in Greece, Austria, and Germany – critical entry and destination countries – it introduces a groundbreaking dialogue between elite national and international media, academic institutions, and civil society organizations, revealing the complex impacts of the news media on the thorny sociopolitical dilemmas raised by the integration of hundreds of thousands of asylum seekers in EU countries." (Publisher description)
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"El presente trabajo es un significativo esfuerzo que invita a la reflexión intelectual y práctica sobre la situación actual y los retos de la radiodifusión. Su propósito es el de identificar los criterios así como analizar los problemas y desafíos que matizan el quehacer radiofónico. Con es
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a finalidad, propone un marco conceptual de la labor radiofónica desde una postura multi-paradigmática que reformula objetos, concepciones y metodologías para el estudio de la comunicación en radio [...] esta obra revisa el impacto de la tecnología como posibilidad para las variaciones en los patrones y formas de locución y producción, el fenómeno del involucramiento de intérpretes menos especializados y más cercanos a la convivencia diaria, lo que trasluce un alejamiento de la tendencia esteticista de promoción de “voces bonitas” para alternativamente buscar “voces reflexivas o analíticas”; igualmente se abordan las experiencias que trastocan la construcción tradicional de un guion radiofónico y fundamentan sus opiniones a partir del tratamiento de la información disponible en la web. Adicionalmente este trabajo reflexiona sobre la diversidad de entornos y espacios en los que se desarrolla la actividad radiofónica, marcados por la diversidad de herramientas que han facilitado la difusión, sistematización y disponibilidad de contenidos con un coste marginal. Esta nueva realidad, que hace unos pocos años era impensable, se ha tornado hoy cotidiana y ha permitido que la legislación vigente en la mayoría de países no sea un límite para la participación de actores sociales que no cuentan con los permisos ni los recursos para acceder al uso del espectro radioeléctrico (aunque no sea esta la óptima experiencia para la participación). En el caso de América Latina y el Caribe, estos modelos han favorecido enormemente a los medios comerciales en detrimento de los medios comunitarios o populares que han encontrado en el uso de Internet como el espacio de convivencia propicio para disminuir esas barreras, pero sin que en muchos casos cuenten con la especialización necesaria." (Introducción, página 13-14)
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"Cette étude porte, à partir du cas camerounais, sur un nouveau phénomène social de migration statutaire, apparu en Afrique, dans le cadre de la mondialisation que nous appelons la cybermigration maritale. Cette modalité contemporaine de mobilité met en relation des personnes exclues ou auto e
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xclues du marché matrimonial « normal » de leur pays. Au Cameroun, elle concerne principalement des jeunes femmes en quête de statut social. Ces dernières s’auto excluent du marché matrimonial national, en dévalorisant les époux camerounais potentiels, et jettent leur dévolu sur le « Blanc ». Ce dernier est perçu comme un Occidental, figure du mari idéal, qui confère un meilleur statut et permet à la jeune femme de venir en aide aux proches restés au pays. En France, par contre, la cybermigration implique des personnes du troisième âge, exclues du marché matrimonial normal, qui cherchent en Afrique une épouse. Toutefois, la relation au « Blanc » est ambiguë car la quête cache parfois d’autres ambitions et peut aboutir à des mauvaises surprises. Etant donnée la complexité du phénomène, ce travail se concentre principalement sur la situation des jeunes camerounaises. L’expression, «chercher son blanc » pour ces jeunes femmes camerounaises, justifie cette cybermigration maritale. Un enjeu essentiel de cette étude est de sortir des sentiers battus qui ne perçoivent les migrations féminines que sous le prisme de la pauvreté et de la misère. L’utilisation des TIC par les Camerounaises s’inscrit dans le contexte de la modernité. En Afrique Centrale, le Cameroun est l’un des pays où la cybermigration maritale apparaît comme un phénomène de société. Dans ce pays d’Afrique Centrale, la cybermigration maritale apparaît comme une nouvelle mobilité de jeunes femmes camerounaises en quête de statut social et qui utilisent Internet dans l’optique de tisser des liens, se marier et pouvoir émigrer sans trop de difficultés. C’est dans cette perspective que nous voulons analyser ce phénomène et ses implications au Cameroun où ces femmes ont inventé l’expression « chercher son blanc »." (Résumé)
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"This study evaluates the implementation of the Alliance to better protect minors online (‘the Alliance’). Officially launched in 2017, the Alliance is a multi-stakeholder platform through which companies make a series of commitments to address emerging risks that minors face online. The initiat
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ive focuses on protection from harmful content, conduct and contact, and seeks to identify possible areas within these three categories that would benefit from a coordinated approach from companies and other stakeholders to overcome them. In general, the evaluation finds that the Alliance is an original, relevant means to protect minors online. There is however unrealised potential to foresee, discuss and forge common solutions across different stakeholder types, including on new and emerging threats to the safety of minors online." (Executive summary, page 5)
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"In interviews with local journalists, 81 news consumers explained the qualities of trustworthy journalism, perceptions of fact-checking organizations, and expectations of transparency. A thematic analysis found balance, depth, and honesty among the most prevalent themes relating to trustworthy jour
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nalism. The usefulness of fact-checking, ability of organizations to fact-check news subjects, and the integrity of fact-checking organizations were among the most prevalent themes relating to fact-checking organizations. Regarding transparency, the newsgathering process and journalists’ professional credentials were among the most prevalent themes. Results provide implication towards building trust with news audiences." (Abstract)
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"The article considers one dominant tendency of independent filmmaking, and its impact on the treatment of the refugee (broadly conceived): the application of contemporary documentary methods to both fiction and nonfiction works. The goal is a preliminary exploration of the complex, context-sensitiv
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e political effects of the approach, sometimes dubbed the “documentary style”, as resistance of (and/or submission to) the hegemonic global-nationalist order. To this end, the paper investigates specifically how such filmmaking efforts may—or may not—redirect the phenomenological vehicle of imagination away from narrow nationalist imaginaries towards a broader humanist identification and emotional (and normative) investment in the stranger or “the other” per se. The focus is on two works in particular, Another News Story (Orban Wallace, 2017) and Before Summer Ends (Avant la fin de l’été, Maryam Goormaghtigh, 2017), identifying how the filmmakers’ broadly pluralistic techniques help avoid the potentially dehumanising pitfalls of more didactic approaches, but also generate their own potential limitations. While the slackening of the subject’s categorical—and the plot’s narrative—shape may be liberating, it also risks a phenomenological disconnection on the part of the potentially interested spectator. The cognitive effects—including impediments to memory and recall—may thus weaken the work’s potential as a vehicle of cultural awareness and social identification." (Abstract)
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