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Textbooks in the Philippines: Evaluation of the Pedagogical Impact of a Nationwide Investment

Stephen P. Heyneman, Dean T. Jamison, Xenia Montenegro

Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, volume 6, issue 2 (1984), pp. 139-150

"The Philippine government, with the assistance of the World Bank, launched the $US37 million Textbook Project to alleviate the lack of textbooks in the nation's public schools. Prior to this investment, there was an average of 10 pupils for every book available in a given subject. During the first ... year of implementation, the Textbook Project produced ap-proximately 20 million first and second grade textbooks in science, mathematics, and Pilipino. These were distributed nationwide in the 1977-78 school year at a ratio of two pupils per book. In the course of its 5-year duration, the Textbook Project would produce 97 million books covering all subject areas from first grade through high school and would distribute enough so that there would be only two students per book at each grade level in each subject. Books cost an average of US$.55 each (for an average length of 180 pages); the overall program increased per student costs by about 1% (Orivel, 1979). Teacher training in the use of the books was part of the project. These and other aspects of implementation are described in detail by Aprieto (1983). Textbook content was geared closely to the national curriculum and tightly screened for clarity of presentation. Photo and colors were used judiciously. Because books were expected to be in use for up to 5 years, binding and stitching were of high quality. Distribution was made first to regional warehouses, then to municipalities, then to schools. Arrival time and textbook condition in the nation's 100,000 schools were monitored by computer in the capital. The success of the project was due not to simply having new textbooks, but rather to having new textbooks of high quality, reasonably on time, well understood, and well used by teachers. The Evaluation Section of the Textbook Project was formed primarily to investigate the effects of this sizable investment on student achievement. One year before the first sets of textbooks were distributed, an evaluation plan was designed, and instruments were developed to measure these effects. The plan was implemented during the first year of textbook distribution and has been a continuing component of the Textbook Project. The results presented here were obtained from the first-year evaluation data, otherwise known as Phase I. The effects of textbooks on achievement in conjunction with pupil, home, school, and environmental variables were examined, the primary concern being the increment in the achievement of pupils, given the use of the project textbooks, while other influencing factors were controlled." (Page 141) more

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Book Production Techniques. Two Reports. 1/2: Report of a Workshop on Book Production Techniques, Held at the Malawi Institute of Education, Domasi, Malawi, 16-27th April 1984. Report of a Workshop on Book Production Techniques, Held at the Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 6-19 March 1983

Bonn: Deutsche Stiftung für Internationale Entwicklung (DSE), Zentralstelle für Erziehung, Wissenschaft und Dokumentation (1984), 147, 103 pp.

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The Book Trade of the World. Vol. IV: Africa

Sigfred Taubert, Peter Weidhaas (eds.)

Munich: Saur (1984), 391 pp.

"The fourth and final volume of the Book Trade of the World, a series of books that aimed to provide a convenient reference tool to the world's publishing and bookselling industries, and to the institutions, organizations, and journals which are associated with them. The information on each country ... more

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Le livre et la lecture en Irak

Nawaf Adwan

Paris: UNESCO (1984), 36 pp.

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Books and Reading in China

Publishers Association of China

Paris: UNESCO, Book Promotion and International Exchanges Division (1983), 43 pp.

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Reducing the Cost of School Textbooks in Africa

Network of Educational Innovation for Development in Africa

Dakar: UNESCO Regional Office for Education in Africa (1983), 71 pp.

"The final report of a regional seminar on reducing the costs of school textbooks in Africa, which took place in Bujumbura, Burundi in 1983, and focussed on raising the awareness of government organizations about textbooks, what measures should be taken regarding the importation of textbooks, the ma ... more

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Essentials of Book Production: Discussion Notes Prepared for a Workshop on Book Production Techniques at the Institute of Education, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, 7-18 March, 1983

Ibadan: African Curriculum Organization (ACO) (1983), 103 pp.

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Books and Reading in Bulgaria

Vladimir Simeonov et al.

Paris: UNESCO (1983), 53 pp.

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The African Book World and Press: A Directory = Répertoire du livre et de la presse en Afrique

Hans M. Zell (ed.)

London: Hans Zell Publishers, 3rd ed. (1983), xx, 284 pp.

"The editors attempt to provide "comprehensive, accurate and up-to-date information, in both English and French, on libraries, publishers and the retail book trade, research institutions with publishing programs, book industry and literary associations, major periodicals and newspapers, government a ... more

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Textbooks in Developing Countries

Philip G. Altbach, Douglas Pearce, S. Gopinathan et al.

Prospects (Paris), volume 13, issue 3 (1983), pp. 315-369

"Detailed presentation of all aspects of textbook development, production, and distribution under the specific conditions of developing countries; one regional and two country-specific examples are used to go beyond the general information to show the concrete problems and possible solutions." (GIZ ... more

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Le livre et la lecture en Yugoslavia

Milos Nemangic, Jovan Janicejevic

Paris: UNESCO, Book Promotion and International Exchanges Division (1983), 73 pp.

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International Circulation of Books

Edward Wegman

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 29 pp.

"An examination of '' [...] the position of books in the service of international understanding and international trade in books, including distribution networks and problems. It then turns to the standards that have been set and other measures to liberalize the flow of books." (Introduction). A lon ... more

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The Future of the Book. Part I: The Impact of New Technologies

Priscilla Oakeshott, Clive Bradley (ed.)

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 115 pp.

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Angepasste Lern- und Lehrmedien: Bericht über eine Fortbildungsveranstaltung in Büdingen, 12.-18. September 1982

Hiltrud Huppers

Eschborn: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), Abteilung Allgemeine Bildung, Wissenschaft, Sport (1982), 184 pp.

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Promoting National Book Strategies in Asia and the Pacific: Problems and Perspectives

Abul Hasan

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 33 pp. + annexes

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Der Buchmarkt im frankophonen Schwarzafrika

Günter Simon

Frankfurt am Main: Börsenverein des Deutschen Buchhandels (1982), 50 pp.

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World Congress on Books

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 22 pp.

"In two parts: 'International Book Year Plus Ten' and 'Toward a Reading Society: Targets for the 80s.' The first of these is an analysis of present trends and forecasts for the future such as problems facing governments and all who are concerned with the production and distribution of books in an in ... more

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Textbook Production in Developing Countries: Some Problems of Preparation, Production and Distribution

Douglas Pearce

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 66 pp.

"One of a series of background materials prepared for the World Congress on Books held in London in 1982. Deals with the various stages of textbook publishing, which is the mainstay of the book industry in most less developed countries. Discusses the difficulties faced by both government and private ... more

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Zambia National Council for Book Development

S. A. Amu Djoleto

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 43 pp.

"A UNESCO mission report to assist the Government of Zambia in the establishment of a National Council for Book Development; to advise the government on the objectives and functioning of such a Council, to assist in the drafting of the Council's constitution and advise on its staff and budget; and t ... more

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Books and the Mass Media: Modes of Interaction in the USSR

V. D. Stelmakh

Paris: UNESCO (1982), 33 pp.