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Journals
Output Type
The Oxygen of Amplification: Better Practices for Reporting on Extremists, Antagonists, and Manipulators Online
Data & Society Research Institute (2018), 128 pp.
"Part One, 'In Their Own Words: Trolling, Meme Culture, and Journalists’ Reflections on the 2016 US Presidential Election,' provides a historical overview of the relationship between the news media and far-right manipulators during the 2016 US presidential election. Part Two, 'At a Certain Point Y
...
Russian Social Media Influence: Understanding Russian Propaganda in Eastern Europe
Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation (2018), xvii, 130 pp.
"A RAND Corporation study examined Russian-language content on social media and the broader propaganda threat posed to the region of former Soviet states that include Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, and, to a lesser extent, Moldova and Belarus. In addition to employing a state-funded multilingu
...
A New Wave of Censorship: Distributed Attacks on Expression and Press Freedom
Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2018)
"In both authoritarian and democratic contexts, new forms of censorship online are carried out through distributed attacks on freedom of expression that are insidiously difficult to detect, and often just as effective, if not more, than the kinds of brute force techniques by state agents that came b
...
State of the Newsroom 2017: Fakers and Makers
Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Journalism (2018), iv, 60 pp.
"The fourth annual report looks at jobs in the newsroom, fake news and fact-checking journalism, and highlights the problem of threats to media freedom in South Africa. In a survey conducted across a range of newsrooms both big and small, it found that young, black women journalists are more likely
...
Online Supplement to Working Paper 2018.1. Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation
Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute; Computational Propaganda Research Project (2018), 81 pp.
"These are the background case notes complied for MEMO 2018.1: Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation. For details on the methods behind this content analysis please see the methodology section of the report. This document contains data from over 500 s
...
Journalism, ‘Fake News’ & Disinformation: Handbook for Journalism Education and Training
Key Guides
Paris: UNESCO (2018), 128 pp.
"This handbook seeks to provide an internationally-relevant model curriculum, open to adoption or adaptation, which responds to the emerging global problem of disinformation that confronts societies in general, and journalism in particular. Serving as a model curriculum, the publication is designed
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Die informierte Gesellschaft und ihre Feinde: Warum die Digitalisierung unsere Demokratie gefährdet
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2018), 367 pp.
Disinformation Toolkit
Washington, DC: InterAction (2018), 27 pp.
"As the largest alliance of U.S.-based nonprofits that work around the world, we believe it is critical to raise awareness about the evolving threat of online disinformation. Whether our members are providing emergency assistance to people fleeing conflicts, promoting democratic governance in places
...
Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation
Deep Insights
Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute (2018), 25 pp.
"Our key findings are: 1. We have found evidence of formally organized social media manipulation campaigns in 48 countries, up from 28 countries last year. In each country there is at least one political party or government agency using social media to manipulate public opinion domestically; 2. Much
...
Understanding Russian Communication Strategy: Case Studies of Serbia and Estonia
Stuttgart: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen (ifa) (2018), 60 pp.
"As a part of Russian soft (or coercive) power disinformation and propaganda have become key elements in an updated Russian security policy since 2012/13. For Russian leadership disinformation and propaganda have become key instruments to impact domestic debates in EU member states and in the neighb
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Désinformation 2.0: Comment défendre la démocratie?
Paris: L'Harmattan (2018), 253 pp.
"Les nouvelles technologies permettent aux diverses formes de manipulation de l’information de toucher de vastes publics. Chaque citoyen-internaute devient un acteur des manoeuvres de désinformation, en particulier en les relayant sur les réseaux sociaux. Internet constitue ainsi une révolution
...
Network Propaganda: Manipulation, Disinformation, and Radicalization in American Politics
New York, NY: Oxford University Press (2018), ix, 462 pp.
"Analysing millions of news stories together with Twitter and Facebook shares, broadcast television and YouTube, the book provides a comprehensive overview of the architecture of contemporary American political communications. Through data analysis and detailed qualitative case studies of coverage o
...
Disinformation in Elections
Security and Human Rights, volume 29, issue 1/4 (2018), pp. 24-35
"In recent years there has been increasing attention to the potentially disruptive influence of disinformation on elections. The most common forms of disinformation in elections include the dissemination of ‘fake news’ in order to discredit opponents or to influence the voting process, the falsi
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Issue Brief: Distinguishing Disinformation from Propaganda, Misinformation and 'Fake News'
Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2018), 5 pp.
"Disinformation is a relatively new word. Most observers trace it back to the Russian word dezinformatsiya, which Soviet planners in the 1950s defined as “dissemination (in the press, on the radio, etc.) of false reports intended to mislead public opinion.” Others suggest that the earliest use o
...
Fake news: Ambiência digital e os novos modos de ser
IHU Online (Revista do Instituto Humanitas Unisinos), volume 18, issue 520 (2018), pp. 12-51
Social Media, Political Polarization, and Political Disinformation: A Review of the Scientific Literature
Hewlett Foundation (2018), 95 pp.
"The following report is intended to provide an overview of the current state of the literature on the relationship between social media; political polarization; and political “disinformation,” a term used to encompass a wide range of types of information about politics found online, including
...
Media effects: Ensaios sobre teorias da comunicação e do jornalismo. Vol. 4: Reflexividade, hermenêutica e Fake News
Porto Alegre; Boa Vista: Editora Fi; Editora da Universidade Federal de Roraima (UFRR) (2018), 224 pp.
"Neste volume trabalhamos com Reflexividade, hermenêutica e Fake News adentrando em questões específicas do contexto social, político e cultural vivenciadas na contemporaneidade. Com um olhar atento para as teorias da comunicação, este volume adentra as peculiaridades das distintas regiões br
...
Fake News, Filter Bubbles, Post-Truth and Trust: A Study Across 27 Countries
Ipsos (2018), 35 slides
"Fake news, post-truth and filter bubbles are other people’s problems, not ours…: 65% think that other people live in a bubble on the internet, mostly looking for opinions they already agree with – but only 34% say they live in their own bubble; 63% are confident they can identify fake news -
...
Russia's Arabic Propaganda: What it is, Why it Matters
Washington, DC: Washington Institute for Near East Policy (2018), 17 pp.
"The Middle East media landscape provides Russian state with unique opportunities. A region with strong state-controlled media, weak independent outlets, and a burgeoning reliance on social media—along with a historical suspicion of Western news sources—has created useful openings that the Kreml
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