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Output Type
State, media and civil society in the information warfare over Ukraine: Citizen curators of digital disinformation
International Affairs, volume 94, issue 5 (2018), pp. 975-994
"This article explores the dynamics of digital (dis)information in the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. International Relations scholars have presented the online debate in terms of ‘information warfare’—that is, a number of strategic campaigns to win over local and global public opinion,
...
Politics of Fake News: How WhatsApp Became a Potent Propaganda Tool in India
Media Watch, volume 9, issue 1 (2018), pp. 106-117
"While the Internet and multimedia applications have made it easy to produce and spread media, they have also made it possible to distribute fake news to masses. With over 200 million active users in India and growing, WhatsApp's reach and features make it a top choice to spread fake news. This not
...
"Nichts ist, wie es scheint": Über Verschwörungstheorien
Berlin: Suhrkamp (2018), 270 pp.
"Seit 2015 Hunderttausende Flüchtlinge in die Bundesrepublik kamen, kursiert im Netz die Theorie vom »Großen Austausch«: Das Land solle von einer globalen »Finanzoligarchie« mittels der »Migrationswaffe« ausgeschaltet werden. Neben mangelndem Vertrauen in die Politik ist der Glaube an Versch
...
Meinungsmache im Netz: Fake News, Bots und Hate Speech
Göttingen: Steidl (2018), 198 pp.
"Das Internet war einmal ein großes Versprechen von Teilhabe, Aufklärung und Demokratie. Aktuell droht seine liberale Ursprungsidee in ihr Gegenteil umzuschlagen, das Netz bietet Ausgrenzung, Parallelrealitäten und demokratiefeindlicher Stimmungsmache eine Plattform. Fake News und Manipulation gr
...
"As many as 1,967 anti-Western comments were detected in the 17 monitored media outlets in 2017. In contrast to 2016 and 2015, when negative messages targeted human identity and rights, in 2017, a dominant topic was the foreign policy with the messages aimed at increasing the polarization on the for
...
Defining “Fake News”: A Typology of Scholarly Definitions
Digital Journalism, issue 6 (2018), pp. 137-153
"This paper is based on a review of how previous studies have defined and operationalized the term “fake news.” An examination of 34 academic articles that used the term “fake news” between 2003 and 2017 resulted in a typology of types of fake news: news satire, news parody, fabrication, man
...
The Psychology of Conspiracy Theories
London; New York: Routledge (2018), ix, 108 pp.
"Who believes in conspiracy theories, and why are some people more susceptible to them than others? What are the consequences of such beliefs? Has a conspiracy theory ever turned out to be true? The Psychology of Conspiracy Theories debunks the myth that conspiracy theories are a modern phenomenon,
...
The fake news game: Actively inoculating against the risk of misinformation
Journal of Risk Research, volume 22, issue 5 (2018), pp. 570-580
"The rapid spread of online misinformation poses an increasing risk to societies worldwide. To help counter this, we developed a ‘fake news game’ in which participants are actively tasked with creating a news article about a strongly politicized issue (the European refugee crisis) using misleadi
...
Information Disorder: Toward an Interdisciplinary Framework for Research and Policy Making
Deep Insights
Strasbourg: Council of Europe (2017), 107 pp.
"This report provides a new framework for policy-makers, legislators, researchers, technologists and practitioners working on the theoretical and practical challenges related to mis-, dis- and mal-information — the three elements of information disorder. While the historical impact of rumours and
...
"Alarmingly, the research reveals that fake news is a pervasive problem surrounding the Kenyan elections with 90% of respondents having seen false or inaccurate information and 87% viewing this information as being deliberately false. Why does this matter? An informed citizenry is vital to Kenya’s
...
The Fake News Machine: How Propagandists Abuse the Internet and Manipulate the Public
Trend Micro (2017), 80 pp.
"The term “fake news” became increasingly common during the past year. While this concept has many synonyms—disinformation campaigns, cyber propaganda, cognitive hacking, and information warfare—it’s just one facet of the bigger problem: the manipulation of public opinion to affect the rea
...
La désinformation et ses applications aux conflits internationaux via les médias: Comment une Afrique en quête de démocratie peut s'en protéger?
Paris: L'Harmattan (2017), 176 pp.
"La question des « fakes news » ou de la désinformation - on ne peut plus actuelle - se pose avec d’autant plus de légitimité et d’acuité que les mass media et les réseaux sociaux sont devenus incontournables. Le champ d’action de cette théorie de la désinformation ne relève plus seu
...
Fakepolítica: Democracia y digitalización
Nueva Sociedad, issue 269 (2017), pp. 40-147
Fake News machen Geschichte: Gerüchte und Falschmeldungen im 20. und 21. Jahrhundert
Berlin: Ch. Links Verlag (2017), 325 pp.
"Gerüchte und Falschmeldungen begleiten die Menschheitsgeschichte von Beginn an. Ihre politischen und militärischen Folgen waren oft verheerend. Mit dem Aufstieg von »Fake News« ist klar, dass Gerüchte und Falschmeldungen im Zeitalter der sozialen Medien geschichtsträchtiger sind als je zuvor.
...
Troops, Trolls and Troublemakers: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation
Oxford: Computational Propaganda Research Project (2017), 36 pp.
"Cyber troops are government, military or political party teams committed to manipulating public opinion over social media. In this working paper, we report on specific organizations created, often with public money, to help define and manage what is in the best interest of the public. We compare su
...
Losing Trust in Media
Aspen Review Central Europe, issue 1 (2017), pp. 4-43
Rumour Has It: A Practice Guide to Working with Rumours
London: CDAC Network (2017), 44 pp.
"The guide is designed to help you develop a way of working with rumours. As with all humanitarian action, there is no one-size-fits-all approach. Instead, the guide aims to build your knowledge and understanding of rumours, and suggests key steps and considerations. A range of options and tools is
...
Media Manipulation and Disinformation Online
Deep Insights
Data & Society Research Institute (2017), 104 pp.
"Internet subcultures take advantage of the current media ecosystem to manipulate news frames, set agendas, and propagate ideas. Far-right groups have developed techniques of 'attention hacking' to increase the visibility of their ideas through the strategic use of social media, memes, and bots - as
...
