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Fakecracia
Buenos Aires: Biblos (2020), 288 pp.
Misinformation, Disinformation, Malinformation: Causes, Trends, and Their Influence on Democracy
Sarajevo: Heinrich Böll Stiftung (2020), 38 pp.
"The aim of this paper is to investigate the phenomena of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation, as well as their impact on the political sphere. In addition, the paper attempts to explain the harmful influence of misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation on public debates, dem
...
WhatsApp Audios and the Remediation of Radio: Disinformation in Brazilian 2018 Presidential Election
Radio Journal: International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media, volume 18, issue 2 (2020), pp. 139-158
"This article brings the results of an investigation into the role of WhatsApp audio messages in the 2018 Brazilian presidential elections, proposing that instant voice messaging borrows elements from radio language. We started from a broader research, conducted by the Brazilian National Institute o
...
Fighting the Spread of False Information: A Fact-Checking and Verification Toolkit
Johannesburg: Africa Check; Fojo Media Institute (2020), 13 pp.
"This fact-checking and verification toolkit was developed by Africa Check for African journalists. It aims to equip journalists with the knowledge and practical tips to stop the spread of false information. This toolkit, which was developed as the world was in the midst of its battle against the Co
...
Fakten gegen Fake News oder der Kampf um die Demokratie
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2020), 175 pp.
"Fake News, also absichtsvoll und zumeist digital verbreitete Falschmeldungen zielen darauf, demokratische Grundprinzipien zu unterminieren. Durch Hass-Inhalte oder als Satire verschleierte Herabsetzung schüren oder verstärken sie Antipathien zwischen gesellschaftlichen Gruppen oder stacheln gar z
...
Journalism Education and Fake News: A Literature Review
Medijska Istraživanja, volume 26, issue 2 (2020), pp. 77-99
"This article offers a scholarly review of the literature and research on journalism education and fake news from an international and a local (Croatian) perspective. The purpose of this paper is to examine the connection between the education for journalists as a scholarly and academic discipline (
...
Fake News, Framing, Fact-Checking: Nachrichten im digitalen Zeitalter. Ein Handbuch
Bielefeld: transcript Verlag (2020), 569 pp.
"Digitale Kanäle wie Youtube, Facebook oder Instagram, Künstliche Intelligenz, Fake-News-Vorwürfe und zunehmend fragmentierte Publikumsinteressen haben das Format Nachricht ebenso verändert wie das journalistische Handwerk und die Nachrichtenrezeption. Was bedeutet dieser grundlegende Wandel fü
...
Regulación para combatir la desinformación: Estudio de ocho casos internacionales y recomendaciones para un enfoque democrático
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2020), 32 pp.
"El análisis revela los desafíos al proceso de construcción de soluciones reguladoras que protejan derechos y sean efectivas para promover el acceso a información confiable. La desinformación está profundamente entrelazada con los procesos políticos y sociales, y no es posible pensar en soluc
...
"The study's findings, based on survey responses and interviews, point towards the poor quality of fact-checking practices in Pakistani newsrooms and stress the urgent need of introducing media literacy trainings to journalists and media practitioners." (Executive summary)
Causes and Consequences of Mainstream Media Dissemination of Fake News: Literature Review and Synthesis
Annals of the International Communication Association, volume 44, issue 2 (2020), pp. 157-173
"Research indicates that the reach of fake news websites is limited to small parts of the population. On the other hand, data demonstrate that large proportions of the public know about notable fake news stories and believe them. These findings imply the possibility that most people hear about fake
...
The State of Deepfakes: Landscape, Threats, and Impact
Amsterdam: Deeptrace (2019), 20 pp.
"Our research revealed that the deepfake phenomenon is growing rapidly online, with the number of deepfake videos almost doubling over the last seven months to 14,678. This increase is supported by the growing commodification of tools and services that lower the barrier for non-experts to create dee
...
Fake news as a two-dimensional phenomenon: A framework and research agenda
Annals of the International Communication Association, volume 43, issue 2 (2019), pp. 97-116
"Based on an extensive literature review, we suggest that ‘fake news’ alludes to two dimensions of political communication: the fake news genre (i.e. the deliberate creation of pseudojournalistic disinformation) and the fake news label (i.e. the instrumentalization of the term to delegitimize ne
...
Mythen, Ideologien und Theorien: Verschwörungsglaube in Zeiten von Social Media
Stuttgart; Sersheim: Landesarbeitsgemeinschaft Mobile Jugendarbeit; Jugendstiftung (2019), 30 pp.
“Fake News” and Cyber-Propaganda in Sub-Saharan Africa: Recentering the Research Agenda
African Journalism Studies, volume 40, issue 4 (2019), pp. 1-12
"Dominant narratives about the contemporary problem of “fake news” and cyber-propaganda have focused on how its evolution and manifestation has been closely linked with the rise of populist politics, digital capitalism, the transformation of the public sphere and structural weaknesses of liberal
...
International Conference on Fake News and Elections in Asia. Conference Proceedings
Bangkog: Asia Centre (2019), 22 pp.
Democratic Defense Against Disinformation 2.0
Washington, DC: Atlantic Council (2019), 24 pp.
The Business of Misinformation: Slovakia. Snake Oil Spills Onto the Web
Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2019), 12 pp.
"The presented report looks at 49 major Slovak disinformation and misinformation websites and sketches out their ownership as well as financial background. The report succeeds in identifying the ownership or operational structure behind 35 websites. In terms of financial data, the report canvasses f
...
The Business of Misinformation: Bosnia and Herzegovina. Lying for Profit
Budapest: Center for Media, Data and Society (CMDS) (2019), 8 pp.
"The websites creating misinformation content in Bosnia and Herzegovina can be classified into four categories based on their financial and/or political motivations and the extent to which they provide valuable journalistic contributions. The majority of misinformation websites are motivated solely
...
Fake News: A Global Epidemic. Vast Majority (86%) of Online Global Citizens Have Been Exposed to It, with Most (86%) Admitting to Having Fallen Victim to It
Toronto: Ipsos; Centre for International Governance Innovation (2019), 4 pp.
"The findings of a recent Ipsos survey conducted on behalf of the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) reveal that fake news is very much a global epidemic and that its impact is widespread. The poll of over 25,000 interviews in over 25 economies finds that well over four in five (8
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