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The Shrinking Space for Media Freedom in Southeast Europe in the Midst of COVID-19 Pandemic and State of Emergency

Rumena Filipova

Sofia: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) (2020), 50 pp.

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Freedom on the Net 2020: The Pandemic's Digital Shadow
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Washington, DC: Freedom House (2020), 33 pp.

"Three notable trends punctuated an especially dismal year for internet freedom. First, political leaders used the pandemic as a pretext to limit access to information. Authorities often blocked independent news sites and arrested individuals on spurious charges of spreading false news. In many plac ... more

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The Rise of Secular Nationalist and Islamic-Based Populist Communication Strategies: New Threats to Indonesian Media and Journalists' Freedom

Nyarwi Ahmad

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 124-146

"This study aims to examine the impacts of secular nationalist and Islamic-based populist communication strategies advanced by Jokowi and Prabowo on the Indonesian media and journalists' freedoms during the presidential elections of 2019. To address this topic, this study uses the qualitative method ... more

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Civil Society in the Digital Age in Africa: Identifying Threats and Mounting Pushbacks

Hlengiwe Dube, Maristella A. Simiyu, Tomiwa Ilori

Pretoria; Kampala: Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria;CIPESA (2020), 78 pp.

"The report documents the threats to civil society in the digital age by examining the legislative and regulatory framework in four countries in Africa: Egypt, Sierra Leone, Uganda and Zambia. These countries were selected from the four main geographic regions of Africa, in order to provide a sense ... more

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Media Landscapes with Religious and Ethnic Conflicts in Pakistan: The Case of Security Concerns for Journalists in Balochistan

Babrak Niaz, Malik Adnan, Sadaf Irtaza

Global Political Review, volume 5, issue 1 (2020), pp. 46-56

"This paper attempts to have insight into the media landscape of Balochistan and issues too. Balochistan is considered to be a conflict zone due to many religious and ethnic issues. The safety of journalists and media workers are a prime concern for journalistic bodies and government. The violence's ... more

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Practices of Self-Censorship Among Nepali Journalists

Samiksha Koirala

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 72-82

"Although Nepal has entered a new era of democracy and press freedom since 2006, self-censorship still exists in the reporting/editing of many Nepali journalists. Nepal has more than 100 years of press history, most of it has faced pressure from the government if not censorship. Drawing upon intervi ... more

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I Know What You Mean: Information Compensation in an Authoritarian Country

Jiangnan Zhu, Chengli Wang

International Journal of Press/Politics, volume 26, issue 3 (2020), pp. 587-608

"How do people address information deficiency caused by rigid control of information in authoritarian regimes? We argue that there exists an internally oriented information compensation approach through which people can glean extra information from official messages domestically. This approach does ... more

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Journalists' Safety and Multifaceted Censorship in Colombia

Yennué Zárate Valderrama

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 298-318

"Safety of journalists has been studied as part of freedom of expression. This chapter seeks to address issues surrounding journalists' safety and censorship in Colombia by shedding light on a triple menace: the decrease in journalistic quality, citizens' right to information, and the influence on j ... more

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Impact of the 2015 Universal Periodic Review on Press Freedom in Nepal

Meenal Thakur

Free Press Unlimited (2020), 12 pp.

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The Rise of Internet Throttling: A Hidden Threat to Media Development

Samuel Woodhams

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2020)

"An increasing number of governments around the world are forcing internet service providers to slow their services during critical sociopolitical junctures—a practice known as throttling—infringing on citizens’ right to information and freedom of expression. Despite its deleterious impact on ... more

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TikTok and WeChat: Curating and Controlling Global Information Flows

Fergus Ryan, Audrey Fritz, Daria Impiombato

Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), International Cyber Policy Centre (2020), 68 pp.

"The Chinese state has demonstrated a propensity for controlling and shaping the information environment of the Chinese diaspora—including via WeChat. The meteoric growth of TikTok has now put the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in a position from which it can shape the information environment on a ... more

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Medios de comunicación: ¿al servicio de quién?

Jesus González Pazos

Buenos Aires: CLACSO (2020), 143 pp.

"Tenemos que afirmar que, en estos días, está en su casi totalidad, por lo menos cuando nos referimos a los medios de comunicación masivos; permeado y bajo el control de las élites económicas que, además, hay que recordarlo, son en su inmensa mayoría élites masculinas. Esta situación de dom ... more

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Journalism in Violent Times: Mexican Journalists' Responses to Threats and Aggressions

Ruben Arnoldo Gonzalez

In: Handbook of Research on Combating Threats to Media Freedom and Journalist Safety

Sadia Jamil (ed.)

Hershey, PA: IGI Global (2020), pp. 278-297

"The aim of this chapter is to describe Mexican journalists' responses to constant threats and aggressions. In doing so, it draws on 93 semi-structured interviews conducted in 23 of the most violent states of the country. The results indicate that violence against news workers has a twofold set of i ... more

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Putting lives in danger? Tinker, tailor, journalist, spy: The use of journalistic cover

Paul Lashmar

Journalism, volume 21, issue 10 (2020), pp. 1539-1555

"The Anglo-American intelligence agencies' use of journalists as spies or propagandists and the practice of providing intelligence agents in the field with journalistic cover have been a source of controversy for many decades. This article examines the extent to which these covert practices have tak ... more

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Assessing the Limitations to Freedom of Expression on the Internet in Ethiopia Against the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights

Yohannes Eneyew Ayalew

African Human Rights Law Journal, volume 20, issue 1 (2020), pp. 315-345

"The Ethiopian government restricts freedom of expression on the internet and has adopted extraneous limiting measures. Most of these measures are incompatable with the African Charter. Restrictions to freedom of expression on the internet include internet shutdowns, hate speech and disinformation r ... more

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Meinungsfreiheit

welt-sichten, issue 2 (2020), pp. 12-31

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COVID-19 and the Impact on Freedom of Expression, Access to Information and Freedom of the Media

Antonina Cherevko

International Media Support (IMS) (2020), 8 pp.

"This paper is intended to provide IMS departments and colleagues with an overview of the trends and challenges to freedom of expression, freedom of the media and access to information stemming from national governments’ responses to the Coronavirus pandemic. First, the paper look into the general ... more

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Latin America in a glimpse

Vladimir Garay (ed.)

Derechos Digitales (2020), 31 pp.

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Who Moderates the Social Media Giants? A Call to End Outsourcing

Paul M. Barrett

New York: New York University Stern Center for Business and Human Rights (2020), 28 pp.

"Content moderation—the process of deciding what stays online and what gets taken down— is an indispensable aspect of the social media industry. Without it, online platforms would be inundated not just by spam, but by personal bullying, neo-Nazi screeds, terrorist beheadings, and child sexual ab ... more

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Jordan Media Assessment. White Paper: Freedom of Expression

USAID;Management Systems International (MSI) (2020), 17 pp.

Freedom on the Net 2020: The Pandemic's Digital Shadow Top Insights

Freedom on the Net 2020: The Pandemic's Digital Shadow
Top Insights