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Freedom on the Net 2021: The Global Drive to Control Big Tech
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Washington, DC: Freedom House (2021), 41 pp.

"1. Global internet freedom declined for the 11th consecutive year. The greatest deteriorations were documented in Myanmar, Belarus, and Uganda, where state forces cracked down amid electoral and constitutional crises. Myanmar’s 14-point score decline is the largest registered since the Freedom on ... more

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Why Access to Information is Essential for Democratic Elections in Africa

Dunia Mekonnen Tegegn

CIPESA (2021), 5 pp.

"Among the various forms of online censorship, internet shutdowns are some of the most invasive and blunt. Unlike traditional forms of censorship like blocking internet pages or certain content, these disruptions to digital communications are architectural and affect a preliminary condition in the i ... more

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The Press-safety Paradox of Democracies: Regime-type Duration and Journalist Killings

Jonathan A. Solis

Foreign Policy Analysis, volume 17, issue 1, oraa007 (2021), [no pag.]

"Previous research finds that journalist killings are more likely to occur in democracies rather than non-democracies. While these results provide an important first step in exploring regime type's effect on journalist's safety, they assume no variation in how long countries have remained a regime t ... more

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China’s Cyber Vision: How the Cyberspace Administration of China is Building a New Consensus on Global Internet Governance

Nathan Attrill, Audrey Fritz

Australian Strategic Policy Institute (ASPI), International Cyber Policy Centre (2021), 19 pp.

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"Infodemic" and SDGs: Internet Freedoms in Southeast Asia

Bangkog: Asia Centre (2021), 46 pp.

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Timor Leste: Internet Freedoms under Threat

Bangkog: Asia Centre (2021), 26 pp.

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Internet Freedoms in Cambodia: A Gateway to Control

Bangkog: Asia Centre (2021), 32 pp.

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Freedom of Expression in Islam: Challenging Apostasy and Blasphemy Laws

Muhammad Khalid Masud, Kari Vogt, Lena Larsen, Christian Moe (eds.)

London et al.: Tauris (2021), xi, 253 pp.

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Subordinating Freedom of Expression to Human Dignity: Promoting or Undermining Journalism—A Case of Zimbabwe

Danford Zirugo

African Journalism Studies, volume 42, issue 2 (2021), pp. 43-58

"Motivated by a 2014 Constitutional Court opinion that under Zimbabwe’s new constitution of 2013, freedom of expression might have to be considered as subordinate to human dignity, the study analyses the implications of this on journalistic practice. The study argues that such a move would undermi ... more

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The politics of impunity: A study of journalists’ experiential accounts of impunity in Bulgaria, Democratic Republic of Congo, India, Mexico and Pakistan

Jackie Harrison, Stefanie Pukallus

Journalism, volume 22, issue 2 (2021), pp. 303-319

"Definitions of impunity regarding crimes against journalists have thus far been too narrow. Therefore, we propose a new approach to understanding impunity as also being grounded in journalists’ lived reality and perceptions to better understand the complexity and breadth of impunity. It is based ... more

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Spyware: An Unregulated and Escalating Threat to Independent Media

Samuel Woodhams

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021), 20 pp.

"Spyware is increasingly used by governments around the world to silence independent media. The use of spyware poses safety risks to journalists and their sources, encourages self-censorship, and creates new financial and operational strains for news outlets. Media advocates, news outlets, and polic ... more

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Digital Authoritarianism and Nonviolent Action: Challenging the Digital Counterrevolution

Matthew Cebul, Jonathan Pinckney

Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace (USIP) (2021), 23 pp.

"This report examines how use of newer and emergent technologies affects nonviolent action campaigns. It identifies two significant related challenges and presents evidence of these dynamics at work in two digital autocracies, China and Russia." (About the report)

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Coronavirus-Pandemie: Auswirkungen auf die Medienfreiheit in globaler Perspektive

Alexander Matschke

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 55 pp.

"Die Coronavirus-Pandemie hat sich in weiten Teilen der Welt negativ auf die Meinungs- und Medienfreiheit ausgewirkt. Betroffen sind viele Partnerländer der deutschen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit: Menschen können nicht auf relevante Informationen zugreifen, unter anderem, weil sie keinen adäquaten ... more

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Safe. Strong. Viable. The Symbiosis Between Media Safety and Media Viability

Laura Moore, Petra Aldenrath, Nadine Jurrat (eds.)

Bonn: Deutsche Welle DW Akademie (2021), 41 pp.

"The interviews and the analyses by the experts show that: –– Quality content increases safety. The editors interviewed for this publication confirm that fair and balanced journalism, which clearly distinguishes between facts and opinion and treats the people at the center of the story with resp ... more

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The Invisible Hand of Media Censorship in the Balkans: The Examples of Bulgaria, Serbia and North Macedonia

Brussels: Balkan Free Media Initiative (BFMI) (2021), 57 pp.

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Surviving Mexico: Resistance and Resilience Among Journalists in the Twenty-First Century

Celeste González de Bustamante, Jeannine E. Relly

Austin: University of Texas Press (2021), xiv, 288 pp.

"Since 2000, more than 150 journalists have been killed in Mexico. Today the country is one of the most dangerous in the world in which to be a reporter. In Surviving Mexico, Celeste González de Bustamante and Jeannine E. Relly examine the networks of political power, business interests, and organi ... more

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Wanted! Real Action for Media Freedom in Europe

Council of Europe (2021), 70 pp.

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The Oxford Handbook of Freedom of Speech

Adrienne Stone, Frederick F. Schauer (eds.)

Oxford: Oxford University Press (2021), xxiii, 584 pp.

"The liberty to speak freely is often questioned; what is the relationship between this freedom and other rights and values, how far does this freedom extend, and how is it applied to contemporary challenges? This handbook seeks to answer these and other pressing questions. It provides a critical an ... more

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Regardless of Frontiers: Global Freedom of Expression in a Troubled World
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Lee C. Bollinger, Agnès Callamard (eds.)

New York: Columbia University Press (2021), xxiv, 409 pp.

"This volume brings together leading experts from a variety of fields to critically evaluate the extent to which global norms on freedom of expression and information have been established and which actors and institutions have contributed to their diffusion. The contributors also consider ongoing a ... more

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Tipping Point: Democratic Erosion and the Assault on Press Freedom

Kate Musgrave

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2021), 24 pp.

"The majority of people now live under illiberal regimes or some form of autocracy as a consequence of democratic declines occurring globally since 2010. Understanding the driving forces behind this historic setback to democratic progress will be essential for turning the tide. An analysis of media ... more

Freedom on the Net 2021: The Global Drive to Control Big Tech Top Insights

Regardless of Frontiers: Global Freedom of Expression in a Troubled World Top Insights

Freedom on the Net 2021: The Global Drive to Control Big Tech
Top Insights

Regardless of Frontiers: Global Freedom of Expression in a Troubled World
Top Insights