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Media Reform During Ethiopia’s Political Transition

Henok Semaegzer Fente

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 8 pp.

"For most of its modern history, the news media in Ethiopia have been a tool for government control. But 2018 brought a wave of optimism to Africa’s second most populous nation. Anti-government protests forced the ruling Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) to undertake majo ... more

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Transforming Journalism in Vietnam: An Exploration of Two Swedish Media Aid Projects

Andreas Mattsson

Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies, volume 11, issue 2 (2022), pp. 227-247

"In this article, I examine the development of journalism in Vietnam by exploring documentation from two media aid projects carried out by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida) from 1993 until 2007. The project documents contain fieldnotes, evaluations and reflections from ... more

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Comprehending Media Systems for Media Development

Johanna Mack

Dortmund: Forum Medien und Entwicklung (fome);MEDAS21 (2022), 29 pp.

"Media development assistance and media systems research are intricately connected: by describing, assessing, and attempting to change them, media development actors produce knowledge about media systems and directly impact them. This research review explores the intersections of academic media syst ... more

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Media Viability: Learning Brief

Protecting Independent Media for Effective Development (PRIMED) (2022), 8 pp.

"[...] there was no single approach to measuring media viability. Deutsche Welle Akademie's (DWA) Media Viability Indicators are designed to assess viability on three levels, considering the overall economic environment (macro); the structure of the media market and potential sources of revenue (mes ... more

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Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability
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Anya Schiffrin, Emily Bell, Julie Posetti, Francesca Edgerton

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 16 pp.

"The traditional business model of the news media has been deeply eroded by a shift in advertising revenues to online platforms. Media outlets must intensify efforts towards more inclusive journalism, alternative business models and diversified revenue streams. Urgent action from other actors is als ... more

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Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists: Quadriennial Report 2018-2021

Ma’aly Hazzaz, Elisa Kirkland, Olivier Van Bockstael

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 316 pp.

"Since it first began substantial implementation in 2018, the MDP has enabled UNESCO’s Communication and Information Sector to immediately respond to emerging priorities and needs affecting freedom of expression, the safety of journalists, access to information, and community media. Before its cre ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC): 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 3 pp.

"UNESCO’s support to the DRC in 2020 and 2021, through its Kinshasa Office, has mainly focused on the construction and consolidation of a strategic dialogue between the government, state agencies, the media, social society, academia and international organizations. This way, UNESCO helped pave the ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Peru: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.

"UNESCO organized several meetings with high-level representatives from the Peruvian government, including the judicial branch and the Prosecutor’s Office, along with civil society and media syndicates. This initiative also relied on cooperation with OHCHR and the Media Freedom Group, comprised of ... more

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Media Assistance in Burma’s Reform Decade

Jane Madlyn McElhone

Washington, DC: Center for International Media Assistance (CIMA) (2022), 8 pp.

"Despite the grim outlook, media development efforts in Burma between 2010 and 2020 may be instructive not only for donors pondering the way forward, but also for media assistance efforts in other countries in transition. This report, part of the Center for International Media Assistance’s “Medi ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Afghanistan: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.

"To ensure the survival of Afghanistan’s media sector after the regime change, reprogrammed funding from the MDP and the Global Media Defence Fund (GMDF) provided emergency support t o independent Afghan media outlets that had seen their viability disrupted as a result of the crisis. Through this, ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Lebanon: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 6 pp.

"The MDP’s response to these urgent needs was twofold: assisting Lebanese media in overcoming the viability crisis caused by the Beirut blasts, and countering the deterioration of freedom of expression and of the safety of journalists, while also maintaining previous efforts to raise awareness on ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Somalia: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.

"Under the MDP, UNESCO has since 2018 coordinated actions with other development partners through the Somalia Media Sector Group (SMSG) to advocate for improvements in the media legislative framework and to support the implementation of the Somalia Federal Republic Media Strategy 2016-2020 as well a ... more

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Media Training in Transition Countries: Perspectives of a Media Trainer

Sam Swan

London; New York: Routledge (2022), xiv, 142 pp.

"Drawing on the author’s and other media trainers’ experiences over a 25-year period, this book provides important insights into tailoring training programs to specific regions and countries. Case studies describe training in radio and television management, broadcasting, and media sustainabilit ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Syria: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.

"A decade after the beginning of the civil war, Syria remains among the most dangerous environments for journalists and media workers. Between 2011 and 2021, UNESCO’s Observatory recorded 113 killings of journalists. In its 2021 report, covering the years between 2011 and 2020, the Syrian Center f ... or Media and Freedom of Expression (SCM) recorded 1,670 documented cases of media freedom violations committed by a variety of national and foreign actors. These include killings, arbitrary detention, enforced disappearance and kidnapping, attacks on media headquarters, forced resignations, expulsions and deportations, as well as physical and verbal attacks. The Syrian media landscape is characterized by its polarization and sectarianism, which severely limits the Syrian population’s access to independent and reliable information. A multiplication of media outlets has been noted in recent years, but these are generally under heavy pressure to support the dominant faction in their area. As a result, Syrians are often exposed to highly partial media content, as well as to varying degrees of inflammatory hate speech. In zones controlled by the Syrian government, information is controlled by the State press agency, and media must obtain authorization from the Ministry of Information to operate. UNESCO’s response to these challenges has therefore been twofold: firstly, actions have focused on monitoring hate speech in Syrian media content in order to produce recommendations to counter it and thus prevent it from escalating conflict and hatred. Secondly, an action plan for the safety of Syrian journalists has been developed through multi-stakeholder consultations, which was completed by the development of a safety curriculum for Syrian journalism schools. UNESCO thus upscaled advocacy towards the prevention of hate speech in Syrian media through a monitoring project which started in 2017 and enabled the production of two monitoring studies in 2018 and 2020. In July 2019, the project brought together representatives of Syrian media at a meeting in Paris to discuss the outcomes of the first round of monitoring, which resulted in a consensus to put an end to this phenomenon and identify steps to curb it." (Page 2) more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Ethiopia: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 5 pp.

"Various media freedom NGOs have noted that progress achieved in 2019 in terms of freedom of expression and of the media was disrupted by a series of internet shutdowns as well as by an anti-hate speech law adopted in 2020, whose vague provisions have drawn criticism from specialized observers. Furt ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Zambia: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.

"In an effort to support the smooth running of the 2021 General Elections, Zambia was integrated as a target country under the MDP. In partnership with MISA Zambia, UNESCO supported local journalists and editors to enhance their capacities on mis/disinformation, electoral reporting and safety measur ... more

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Explaining International Media Development: Building Blocks for an Analytical Framework Based on Institutional Logics

Ines Drefs

Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies, volume 11, issue 2 (2022), pp. 141-161

"The academic study of media development as a field of practice and international cooperation has received quite some impetus in the last couple of years. Theory-building in this research field, however, seems to be stagnating. The explanatory power of established theories such as modernization, dep ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Sudan: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 6 pp.

"Sudan’s transitional authorities expressed a strong political commitment to reform laws and policies relative to freedom of expression, media freedom and access to information. This was notably demonstrated by the suspension of old laws limiting freedom of expression, as well as by the signing of ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Palestine: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 8 pp.

"The MDP has made the safety of Palestinian journalists one of its priority areas of intervention. Building on a series of training courses and open dialogues organized by UNESCO with support from SIDA in 2017 between journalists and members of the Palestinian security forces, UNESCO sustained its a ... more

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UNESCO's Multi-Donor Programme on Freedom of Expression and Safety of Journalists (MDP) Action in Nigeria: 2018-2021 Quadrennial Report, Country Summaries

Paris: UNESCO (2022), 4 pp.

"Media and information literacy is paramount to empower the population, and especially the youth, with the capacity of critical thinking and in providing quality information on traditional and social media platforms. During the period of 2018-2021, UNESCO worked towards achieving this goal through t ... more

Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability Top Insights

Finding the Funds for Journalism to Thrive: Policy Options to Support Media Viability
Top Insights