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From Distrust to Solidarity: How Can We Inform People About Coronavirus? Recommendations

Igor Balynskyi, Nataliya Gumenyuk, Denys Kobzin, Angelina Kariakina, Peter Pomerantsev

Lviv; London: Public Interest Journalism Lab; Lviv Media Forum; London School of Economics and Political Science (2020), 17 pp.

"The audience has clear requests concerning the presentation of information and the range of themes. In our opinion the following observations are most important: There is a need to separate useful information in the media from “information noise”, as the latter can raise anxiety. Trust is felt ... more

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A Communicator's Guide to COVID-19 Vaccination: Research, Theories, Models, and Recommendations Communicators Should Know

Tina McCorkindale et al.

Institute for Public Relations (2020), 42 pp.

"The purpose of this guide is to highlight research, theories, models, and research-driven recommendations that will help ensure effective communication strategies for organizations worldwide. The Institute for Public Relations has reviewed more than 100 research articles to assemble this guide. Bel ... more

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RCCE Strategies to Overcome COVID-19 Fatigue in the Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East and North Africa

Institute of Development Studies (2020), 16 pp.

External Link (197)

Covering COVID-19: Handbook for Journalists. Collection of Tools, Techniques, Resources and Strategies for Journalists Covering the Cornonavirus Outbreak. Includes Tools for Fact-Checking Misinformation and Hoaxes

Media Empowerment for a Democratic Sri Lanka (MEND) Program

IREX; USAID (2020), 7 pp.

External Link (195)

Fact-Checking and Source Verification Manual in Times of COVID-19: Journalists and Media Organizations

Maryam Saeed, Seerat Khan, Muhammad Usman

Digital Rights Foundation (DRF) (2020), 50 pp.

"Without proper training in digital news verification, the dissemination of misinformation is both rapid and disastrous. Journalists are often processing a massive amount of information through social media with very little time to verify it--this presents unique challenges for journalists working w ... more

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Your Safety as a Journalist Reporting COVID-19

Internews (2020), 3 pp.

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COVID-19 Foreign Influence Campaigns: Europe and the Global Battle of Narratives

Naja Bentzen

Brussels: European Parliament (2020), 8 pp.

"The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) initially concealed information about the spread of the virus. Research suggests that they thereby delayed measures to alleviate the spread of the disease. At the same time, the CCP launched far-reaching efforts to silence domestic criticism. The CCP's efforts to r ... more

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Pillars of Russia's Disinformation and Propaganda Ecosystem

Washington, DC: U.S. Department of State (2020), 76 pp.

"Russia has operationalized the concept of perpetual adversarial competition in the information environment by encouraging the development of a disinformation and propaganda ecosystem that allows for varied and overlapping approaches that reinforce each other even when individual messages within the ... system appear contradictory. This ecosystem reflects both the sources of disinformation and propaganda—official government statements, state-funded media outlets, proxy websites, bots, false social media personas, cyber-enabled disinformation operations, etc.—and the different tactics that these channels use. Russia’s willingness to employ this approach provides it with three perceived advantages. First, it allows for the introduction of numerous variations of the same false narratives. This allows for the different pillars of the ecosystem to fine tune their disinformation narratives to suit different target audiences because there is no need for consistency, as there would be with attributed government communications. Second, it provides plausible deniability for Kremlin officials when proxy sites peddle blatant and dangerous disinformation, allowing them to deflect criticism while still introducing pernicious information. Third, it creates a media multiplier effect among the different pillars of the ecosystem that boost their reach and resonance. The media multiplier effect can, at times, create disinformation storms with potentially dangerous effects for those Russia perceives as adversaries at the international, national, and local level. In the past, Russia has leveraged this dynamic to shield itself from criticism for its involvement in malign activity. This approach also allows Russia to be opportunistic, such as with COVID-19, where it has used the global pandemic as a hook to push longstanding disinformation and propaganda narratives [...] This report provides a visual representation of the ecosystem described above, as well as an example of the media multiplier effect it enables. This serves to demonstrate how the different pillars of the ecosystem play distinct roles and feed off of and bolster each other. The report also includes brief profiles of select proxy sites and organizations that occupy an intermediate role between the pillars of the ecosystem with clear links to Russia and those that are meant to be fully deniable." (Pages 5-7) more

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Navigating the ‘infodemic’: How People in Six Countries Access and Rate News and Information About Coronavirus

Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, Richard Fletcher, Nic Newman, J. Scott Brennen, Philip N. Howard

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2020), 34 pp.

"In this report, we use survey data collected in late March and early April 2020 to document and understand how people in six countries (Argentina, Germany, South Korea, Spain, the UK, and the US) accessed news and information about COVID-19 in the early stages of the global pandemic, how they rate ... more

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Journalism in Bangladesh During Corona Pandemic: Media Heroes

Urmila Sarkar et al.

Dhaka: South Asia Center for Media in Development (SACMID) (2020), 54 pp.

"In this small book, we have identified 10 heroes from different media channels of the country and documented their stories. Our colleagues took their time and went for in-depth discussion with those media soldiers and transcribed those into pieces of stories. These stories embodied their first-hand ... more

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Ética jornalística e pandemia: Entrevistas com especialistas

Florianópolis: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC); Observatório da Ética Jornalística (2020), 134 pp.

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Research Report on Ugandan Media Coverage of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Other Public Affairs, May-September 2020

Kampala: African Centre for Media Excellence (ACME) (2020), 49 pp.

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Comunicación en tiempos del COVID-19

Instituto para el Desarrollo Rural de Sudamérica (IPDRS); Acción Cultural Loyola (ACLO) (2020), 15 pp.

"En el caso de la población rural, prácticamente 70 % percibe que no tiene suficiente información, en el caso de la población urbana este porcentaje es menor a 50 %. Confrontando esta información con los medios y la disponibilidad, la explicación más razonable es que no se trata necesariament ... more

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The Missing Perspectives of Women in COVID-19 News: A Special Report on Women’s Under-Representation in News Media
Deep Insights

Luba Kassova

Gates Foundation (2020), 101 pp.

"This report was commissioned by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to examine women’s representation in COVID-19/coronavirus newsgathering and news coverage in India, Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, the UK, and the US. It is rooted in a computational news content analysis of 11,913 publications an ... d 1.9 million stories between 1st March and 15th April 2020 undertaken by Media Ecosystems Analysis Group; an in-depth qualitative portrayal analysis of 175 highly ranked COVID-19/coronavirus stories across the six countries; quantitative analysis of eight public-facing bespoke Google surveys, as well as multi-country secondary surveys; a pronoun content analysis of COVID-19 headlines; story frames analyses using Google’s news search engine, the Internet TV News Archive in 2020 and the GDELT Project global online news archive for 2017 to 2020; and interrogation of a number of global statistical databases [...] The report has examined the news coverage of the COVID-19/coronavirus story through the lenses of three indicators of gender equality: women as sources of news expertise; news stories leading with women protagonists; and coverage of gender equality issues. The insights from the report have led to the creation of 21 recommendations which aim to support news providers who wish to amplify the substantially muted voices of women in news coverage of the COVID19/coronavirus story. The report has uncovered a substantial bias towards men’s perspectives in the newsgathering and news coverage of this pandemic across both the global north (the UK and US) and the global south (India, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa). This bias operates against a backdrop of women’s effective political invisibility within the COVID-19-related decision-making process in the countries analyzed and the unique socioeconomic, health and psychological challenges that women face globally. Every individual woman’s voice in the news on COVID19 is drowned out by the voices of at least three, four, or five men. The women who are given a platform in the COVID-19/coronavirus story are rarely portrayed as authoritative experts or as empowered individuals but more frequently as sources of personal opinion or as victims/people affected by the disease." (Executive summary) more

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Guidance for Effective Local Communication Response to Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Communication for Development Network (2020), 17 pp.

"This guide aims to provide some support in planning and delivering effective communications on the local level. It is for us all – the small community organisations as well as the larger NGOs, faith-based leaders and groups as well as media actors, officials and a wide range of other people who i ... more

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COVID-19 Rumors and Misinformation: A Technical Brief for Breakthrough ACTION Field Teams

Breakthrough Action; USAID (2020), 14 pp.

"This is a short technical brief with important steps and resources on how country programs can track and address rumors around COVID-19 (as needed). The guide includes a number of great resources and links while also sharing nuggets from global, collective thinking around rumors." (Page 1)

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Behavioral Science Tips for COVID-19 Communications

Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit (SALDRU); University of Pennsylvania, Center for Health Incentives & Behavioral Economics; Ideas42.org (2020), 2 pp.

"Human behavior plays a central role in reducing the spread of coronavirus. Communication by government entities and other trusted sources about desirable or mandated behaviors during the pandemic is critical. As policymakers, funders, and program staff, it is our responsibility to ensure that commu ... more

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Guia de cobertura ética da Covid-19

Observatório da Ética Jornalística (2020), 36 pp.

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Global Rumour Bulletin

Internews (2020), 10 pp.

"For the last 6 months, the Internews' Rooted in Trust project has collected more than 5,238 rumours from seven countries: Afghanistan, Lebanon, Philippines, Colombia, Central African Republic, Mali and Sudan. We work in 12 local languages and collect data across seven major social media platforms a ... more

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Types, Sources, and Claims of COVID-19 Misinformation

J. Scott Brennen, Felix M. Simon, Philip N. Howard, Rasmus Kleis Nielsen

Oxford: Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (2020), 13 pp.

"In this RISJ factsheet we identify some of the main types, sources, and claims of COVID-19 misinformation seen so far. We analyse a sample of 225 pieces of misinformation rated false or misleading by factcheckers and published in English between January and the end of March 2020, drawn from a colle ... more

The Missing Perspectives of Women in COVID-19 News: A Special Report on Women’s Under-Representation in News Media Deep Insights

The Missing Perspectives of Women in COVID-19 News: A Special Report on Women’s Under-Representation in News Media
Deep Insights