"Das Internet besitzt das Potenzial, neue Formen von gesellschaftlicher Vernetzung und Kommunikation hervorzubringen und trägt damit wesentlich zur Ausgestaltung sozialer und politischer Systeme bei. Auch in Iran hat sich das Internet trotz infrastruktureller Schwierigkeiten und staatlicher Zensurm
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aßnahmen zu einem wichtigen Medium für bestimmte gesellschaftliche Bereiche entwickelt. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt unter Berücksichtigung des politischen Systems, der Infrastruktur sowie der gesetzlichen Vorschriften, welchen politischen und sozialen Wandel das Internet in der iranischen Gesellschaft angestoßen hat." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"On its path towards media freedom, Mongolia has seen some inspiring developments but has also faced major setbacks. Following the political transition in 1990 print media sprang up extensively, and since the late 1990’s a host of electronic media has been launched. The actual media output in the
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capital as well as the countryside is impressive both in numbers and variety. There were 340 media outlets in 2005 serving a population of 2.5 million people. However, the sector faces many challenges. Despite the many media and communication initiatives that exist in the country and are supported by various donor organisations, the Mongolian government does not have a comprehensive media and communication policy that deals in a systematic way with the huge challenges facing the industry, including the lack of infrastructure and the creation of a viable market for media and communication products in rural areas. For these reasons it is extremely important to increase support for free and independent media and progressive civil society groups in a sustainable fashion; but within the specific context in which Mongolian media professionals operate. The issues faced by media on a national level (Ulaanbaatar) and in the countryside are diverse but equally problematic, and a different approach is necessary to support their development." (UNESCO website, 16.11.2007)
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"Wie arbeiten Journalisten in einem Land wie Afghanistan? Wie sah und vor allem wie sieht die Medienlandschaft und die Pressefreiheit in dem vom Krieg geschundenen Land am Hindukusch aus? Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert Antworten zu diesen bisher von der Forschung komplett vernachlässigten Fragen. D
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ie Autorin bietet eine erste Bestandsaufnahme des Journalismus in Afghanistan und verbindet aufschlussreich zeitgeschichtliche Hintergründe und den aktuellen Transformationsprozess des Mediensystems. Mit dem analysierenden Teil und der aufwändigen empirischen Untersuchung versteht sich diese Studie als ein Basiswerk in der Journalismus- und Medienforschung in Afghanistan." (Verlagsbeschreibung)
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"This assessment describes and contextualises a series of challenges for an environment conducive to freedom of expression brought about by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) signed in 2005 and the changes to the political framework in Sudan. The aim is to establish a comprehensive overview of
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the media situation in all relevant sectors, as well as developing an overview of support to the sectors and the strategies behind this support from agencies for international cooperation. Although the CPA opened up space for a more democratic setup for media ownership and practice and resulted in a number of changes to the media situation in Sudan, the freedom of expression environment in Sudan still faces important challenges. According to this assessment, the main challenges are:
Need for media reform: There is a dire need for legal reform in the area of freedom of expression and access to information. At the national level, new media laws produced and presented to Parliament show only slight improvement over the existing laws. In Southern Sudan the Legislative Assembly has adopted a more progressive media policy, but the four draft bills which have been prepared have not yet been processed by the assembly.
Need for professional skill building: Professional journalists are scarce, and objective and relevant reporting is a challenge for many Sudanese newspapers. In spite of the large number of media schools in Sudan, the results are discouraging. The academic and professional standards of the graduates are extremely basic and on-the-job training is almost non-existent.
Poor working conditions: Basic working conditions and employment rights in the Sudanese media are poor, especially in the printed media. There is widespread exploitation, not least of young journalists. The poor working conditions have negative consequences for the quality of journalism. In addition, many Sudanese journalists have emigrated to find better job opportunities abroad.
Politicisation of the media sector: The highly politicised environment in Sudan is reflected in the media sector. A significant part of the media in Sudan operates within a set political frame, pursuing political goals and the desire to influence public opinion and decision making." (Executive summary)
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"In order to get a clear picture of the dynamics impacting on the present and future advance of the Namibian media environment - MISA Namibia has with the assistance of Martin Buch Larsen embarked on a comprehensive research to gather information on media ownership and legislation in The Republic of
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Namibia from 1990 to 2007." (Page 2)
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"Given the prevailing environment, radio cannot better engage development, and this is in spite of the qualities of radio that endear it to development agencies and governments elsewhere. As Ojebode (forthcoming b) suggests, for radio to realise its potentials as a development medium in Nigeria, som
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e far-reaching and major restructuring need to be effected, and the current media landscape must be altered.
First, and the one that requires the strongest political will, is that government should take its hands off radio. A truly public service system should be put in place [...]
The second suggestion towards making radio engage development more fruitfully is that government should stop vacillating over the establishment of community radio. Our study shows that radio stations are alienated from the community and from listeners [...]
Third, development planning and practice in Nigeria should be integrated. In Nigeria, different government and development agencies work independently and often at cross purposes [...]
The fourth suggestion, which is related to the third, is the need to ensure that the tasks radio encourages people to perform in its jingles and programmes are feasibly supported by existing infrastructure [...]
The fifth step we must take is that government must support private stations in order for them to more fruitfully participate in development communication. Our study shows that these stations devote more time to development issues than do government stations [...]
Finally, we suggest that Nigerian communication schools and colleges review their curricula to include topics on public journalism. Also known as civic or citizen journalism, public journalism seeks to put the citizens at the centre of news and reports." (Recommendations, page 58-59)
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"This thesis provides, firstly, an analysis of the interplay of transnational media corporations, particularly Rupert Murdoch's Star TV, in their pursuit of creating profitable national consumer markets, preferably in a democracy like India, with the anti-minority politics, modes of popular/populist
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mobilisation and discursive strategies of Hindu nationalism. It looks at the economic, technological, medial, political, social, visual/iconographic and legal aspects of this interplay and delineates their concrete manifestations in news as well as in entertainment programming of everyday television (particularly in very popular shows and channels at the time). These aspects are set into the larger framework of globalisation, privatisation, commercialisation and neo-liberal policies, the related thrusts of social upward mobility (especially in the new middle classes), ‘good governance’ (instead of socio-economic justice) and shifting class-, caste-, majority-minority and national-regional relations in the context of a re-formulation of nation and state that defines and legitimises new logics of inclusion and exclusion. Secondly, this work is a study of "Indianisation" and lingual/representational politics in the context of the growing precariousness of the liberal-secular discourse and of democratic, independent mass media in India. Especially English-language journalists, whose largely critical coverage of the anti-Muslim violence experienced an hitherto unknown rejection on the part of TV audiences (and consequently produced a slump in advertising revenues), turned with the Gujarat crisis out to epitomise the ambivalence of challenging the definitional power of a privileged postcolonial class: its rightful critique carries the danger of vindicating and naturalising anti-minority cultural nationalism. The study follows and examines, before the background of a normative construction of a Hindi-speaking, ‘authentic’ media consumer, the changing position of both English and Hindi-producing journalists and producers, their respective perceptions of alienation, speechlessness and empowerment, their unwanted role as activists in the context of shifting meanings of 'neutrality' and 'objectivity', their difficulties or agility in assessing their options and maintaining, changing or even developing their convictions, and the strategies they find or reject for adapting to the circumstances." (Abstract)
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"El libro consta de 20 capítulos. El primero de ellos es un estudio introductorio del coordinador titulado “La estimulante diversidad de la radio iberoamericana”. Además de presentar el volumen, Arturo Merayo hace un primer análisis comparativo de los informes de cada país. Particular releva
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ncia tiene la clasificación que ofrece de los diferentes modelos de radio pública que existen en Iberoamérica –muy diferente al del modelo de radio pública europea–, y la referencia a la puesta en marcha de redes internacionales de emisoras comerciales para intercambiar programación informativa –cuestión en la que Europa también ha fracasado en varias oportunidades–. Los restantes 19 capítulos ofrecen la radiografía de la radio de los países de la región, presentándolos por orden alfabético desde Argentina hasta Venezuela, con la excepción antes mencionada de Nicaragua. A pesar de que el resultado es bastante homogéneo por la extensión y calidad de los capítulos, hay que destacar los dedicados a la radio en Bolivia, Colombia, México y Perú. Sus autores han sabido mostrar la realidad del medio con claridad y gran capacidad de síntesis, lo que facilita al lector hacerse cargo de la evolución y situación actual de la radio en dichos países y obtener conclusiones relevantes. El libro se cierra con una anexo en el que se relacionan las 1.162 emisoras y cadenas mencionadas, indicando en cada caso el capítulo principal en el que se citan." (Reseña por María del Pilar Martínez-Costa Pérez en la revista Communication & Society, 2008)
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