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Disinformation, Misinformation, Fake News
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Politics of Fake News: How WhatsApp Became a Potent Propaganda Tool in India
Media Watch, volume 9, issue 1 (2018), pp. 106-117
"While the Internet and multimedia applications have made it easy to produce and spread media, they have also made it possible to distribute fake news to masses. With over 200 million active users in India and growing, WhatsApp's reach and features make it a top choice to spread fake news. This not
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Online Supplement to Working Paper 2018.1. Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation
Oxford: University of Oxford, Oxford Internet Institute; Computational Propaganda Research Project (2018), 81 pp.
"These are the background case notes complied for MEMO 2018.1: Challenging Truth and Trust: A Global Inventory of Organized Social Media Manipulation. For details on the methods behind this content analysis please see the methodology section of the report. This document contains data from over 500 s
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The Oxygen of Amplification: Better Practices for Reporting on Extremists, Antagonists, and Manipulators Online
Data & Society Research Institute (2018), 128 pp.
"Part One, 'In Their Own Words: Trolling, Meme Culture, and Journalists’ Reflections on the 2016 US Presidential Election,' provides a historical overview of the relationship between the news media and far-right manipulators during the 2016 US presidential election. Part Two, 'At a Certain Point Y
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A Short Guide to the History of ’Fake News’ and Disinformation: A Learning Module for Journalists and Journalism Educators
International Center for Journalists (ICFJ) (2018), 19 pp.
"This learning module designed to be used by journalists, journalism trainers and educators (along with their students) provides historical context for the analysis of the 21st century ‘fake news’ crisis. Relevant case studies and a timeline are designed to better inform users about the causes a
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Russian Social Media Influence: Understanding Russian Propaganda in Eastern Europe
Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation (2018), xvii, 130 pp.
"A RAND Corporation study examined Russian-language content on social media and the broader propaganda threat posed to the region of former Soviet states that include Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Ukraine, and, to a lesser extent, Moldova and Belarus. In addition to employing a state-funded multilingu
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Issue Brief: Distinguishing Disinformation from Propaganda, Misinformation and 'Fake News'
Washington, DC: National Endowment for Democracy (NED) (2018), 5 pp.
"Disinformation is a relatively new word. Most observers trace it back to the Russian word dezinformatsiya, which Soviet planners in the 1950s defined as “dissemination (in the press, on the radio, etc.) of false reports intended to mislead public opinion.” Others suggest that the earliest use o
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"Nichts ist, wie es scheint": Über Verschwörungstheorien
Berlin: Suhrkamp (2018), 270 pp.
"Seit 2015 Hunderttausende Flüchtlinge in die Bundesrepublik kamen, kursiert im Netz die Theorie vom »Großen Austausch«: Das Land solle von einer globalen »Finanzoligarchie« mittels der »Migrationswaffe« ausgeschaltet werden. Neben mangelndem Vertrauen in die Politik ist der Glaube an Versch
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State of the Newsroom 2017: Fakers and Makers
Johannesburg: University of the Witwatersrand, Wits Journalism (2018), iv, 60 pp.
"The fourth annual report looks at jobs in the newsroom, fake news and fact-checking journalism, and highlights the problem of threats to media freedom in South Africa. In a survey conducted across a range of newsrooms both big and small, it found that young, black women journalists are more likely
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Defining “Fake News”: A Typology of Scholarly Definitions
Digital Journalism, issue 6 (2018), pp. 137-153
"This paper is based on a review of how previous studies have defined and operationalized the term “fake news.” An examination of 34 academic articles that used the term “fake news” between 2003 and 2017 resulted in a typology of types of fake news: news satire, news parody, fabrication, man
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Dangerous Disinformation
D+C: Development and Cooperation, issue May (2018), pp. 23-38
Fake News, Filter Bubbles, Post-Truth and Trust: A Study Across 27 Countries
Ipsos (2018), 35 slides
"Fake news, post-truth and filter bubbles are other people’s problems, not ours…: 65% think that other people live in a bubble on the internet, mostly looking for opinions they already agree with – but only 34% say they live in their own bubble; 63% are confident they can identify fake news -
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Social Media, Political Polarization, and Political Disinformation: A Review of the Scientific Literature
Hewlett Foundation (2018), 95 pp.
"The following report is intended to provide an overview of the current state of the literature on the relationship between social media; political polarization; and political “disinformation,” a term used to encompass a wide range of types of information about politics found online, including
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Meinungsmache im Netz: Fake News, Bots und Hate Speech
Göttingen: Steidl (2018), 198 pp.
"Das Internet war einmal ein großes Versprechen von Teilhabe, Aufklärung und Demokratie. Aktuell droht seine liberale Ursprungsidee in ihr Gegenteil umzuschlagen, das Netz bietet Ausgrenzung, Parallelrealitäten und demokratiefeindlicher Stimmungsmache eine Plattform. Fake News und Manipulation gr
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Architects of Networked Disinformation: Behind the Scenes of Troll Accounts and Fake News Production in the Philippines
Deep Insights
"The study explains how strategists set campaign objectives based on input from their political clients, then delegate political marketing responsibility to a team of digital influencers and fake account operators. These operators infiltrate online communities, artificially trend hashtags to hijack
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Die informierte Gesellschaft und ihre Feinde: Warum die Digitalisierung unsere Demokratie gefährdet
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2018), 367 pp.
Fake news: Ambiência digital e os novos modos de ser
IHU Online (Revista do Instituto Humanitas Unisinos), volume 18, issue 520 (2018), pp. 12-51
Perspectives on Political Communication in Africa
Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (2018), xxiii, 272 pp.
"Focusing on sub-Saharan Africa and occasionally drawing comparisons with other regions of the world, this book critically addresses the development of the field focusing on the current opportunities and challenges within the African context. By using a wide variety of case studies that include Moza
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Journalisme pour la paix et résolution de conflit dans les médias, tome 2 = Peace journalism and conflict resolution in the media = Periodismo de paz y resolución de conflictos en medios
Paris: Les Editions de l'Immatériel; ORBICOM (2018), 296 pp.
"Nouvel ouvrage de la collection Ecritures du Monde, cet ouvrage a été réalisé dans le cadre des rencontres annuelles des Chaires UNESCO en communication ORBICOM. Les objectifs de la rencontre annuelle étaient les suivants : 1) Identifier et analyser les conflits culturels et communicationnels
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Competencias mediáticas en medios digitales emergentes
Salamanca: Comunicación Social Ediciones y Publicaciones (2018), 229 pp.
"Competencias mediáticas en medios digitales emergentes aborda los asuntos más importantes que atraviesan los campos de estudios de la Comunicación o la Educación y en específico de las competencias mediáticas y digitales de la ciudadanía como capacidad de los individuos de desenvolverse en e
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Der neue kalte Krieg der Medien: Die Medien Osteuropas und der neue Ost-West-Konflikt
Wiesbaden: Vieweg (2018), 424 pp.
"Der Band beschäftigt sich mit der Verschärfung des politischen Diskurses zwischen Ost und West, die vielfach in den westlichen Medien kritisierte Renationalisierung der osteuropäischen Gesellschaften, ihr „neo-konservativer“ Trend, der sich auch und gerade in den Medien spiegelt. Russland is
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