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Double-Edged Sword? Ghanaians See Pros, Cons of Social Media, Want Access But Not Fake News

Josephine Appiah-Nyamekye Sanny, Edem Selormey

Afrobarometer (2020), 12 pp.

"The Afrobarometer survey conducted in late 2019 shows that although radio and television remain the most dominant news sources, daily news consumption via social media (by 22% of Ghanaians) and the Internet (19%) is steadily increasing. Social media is less trusted as a source of information – on ... more

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Independent Media Depend on You: Research Report

CESID

USAID;IREX;Agency Communis (2020), 19 pp.

"The research on audience behavior and the effects of Free Media Advocacy Campaign was conducted on a sample of 1,000 respondents, 25 to 55 years of age, and focused on the citizens’ viewpoint towards paying for media content (with the possibility of comparison to 2019 research) and evaluation of ... the campaign “Independent Media Depend on You” (IREX and Agency Communis). In terms of media consumption, respondents from 2019 generally spent more time with media than in the 2020 research. In addition, it is noticeable that respondents in both research cycles spent more time watching television and listening to the radio. The average time respondents spent per day watching television in 2020 was 108.6 minutes, while in 2019 the average time spent watching this media was 161.4 minutes. The average time respondents spent listening to the radio in the research conducted in 2020 is the same as the time spent watching TV (108.6 minutes), while in 2019, radio was the media respondents spent the most time listening to – 166.8 minutes. Social networks are the third most used media in terms of time spent on them per day (average time for 2020 – 87.6 minutes; average time for 2019 – 126.6 minutes). In fourth place are informative online portals and sites, while fifth place is print media with which respondents spend the least time per day (average time – 27 minutes). When it comes to citizens’ trust in media, it is evident that in both research cycles there is a greater distrust than a trust in the media, and this fits in the broader picture of citizen’s distrust in all civil society institutions. A total of 43% of respondents generally do not trust the media in Serbia at all – in 2020, while in 2019 the percentage was lower by two points (41%). On the other hand, a total of 22% of respondents stated that they have full confidence and that they mostly have trust in Serbian media, which is one percentage point more than in the research conducted in 2019. About a third of respondents had a neutral stance about trust in media (31% in 2020, 33% in 2019). A large percentage of respondents were not willing to pay for online content, however, when compared with 2019’s findings, SMS noticed that the willingness to pay for online content is more noticeable in 2020." (Summary) more

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Turkey's Changing Media Landscape

Andrew O'Donohue, Max Hoffman, Alan Makovsky

Washington, DC: Center for American Progress (2020), 24 pp.

"This report highlights numerous troubling developments in Turkey’s media landscape. Distrust in the media has reached crisis proportions, with fully 70 percent of Turks viewing the media as dishonest. These doubts have formed the backdrop for rapid shifts in how Turks access political news and in ... more

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Vertrauen in Journalismus in Deutschland: Eine Typologie der Skeptiker

Fabian Prochazka, Wolfgang Schweiger

Media Perspektiven, issue 4 (2020), pp. 196-206

"In einer repräsentativen Onlinebefragung wurden Ursachen und Ausprägungen von Medienvertrauen ermittelt. Bei allgemein hohen Vertrauenswerten zeigt rund ein Viertel der Befragten kritische Einstellungen gegenüber dem Journalismus. Die Journalismusskeptiker können in drei Typen unterschieden wer ... more

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Trust Misplaced? A Report on the Future of Trust in Media

Ipsos (2020), 31 pp.

"This report is a collaboration between Ipsos and The Trust Project, a U.S.-based non-profit, international consortium of news organizations building standards of transparency. Its mission is to “amplify journalism’s commitment to transparency, accuracy, inclusion and fairness so that the public ... more

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Edelman Trust Barometer 2020: Global Report

Edelman (2020), 77 pp.

"The 2020 Edelman Trust Barometer reveals that despite a strong global economy and near full employment, none of the four societal institutions that the study measures—government, business, NGOs and media—is trusted. The cause of this paradox can be found in people’s fears about the future and ... more

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Vertrauen in journalistische Medien aus Sicht der Rezipienten: Zum Einfluss von soziopolitischen und performanzbezogenen Erklärgrößen

Magdalena Obermaier

Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2020), xvi, 375 pp.

"Magdalena Obermaier untersucht in ihrer Studie, welche Faktoren das Vertrauen in journalistische Medien erklären. Dazu greift die Autorin insbesondere auf die psychologische, politologische und kommunikationswissenschaftliche (Vertrauens-) Forschung zurück und systematisiert mögliche Erklärgrö ... more

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Surprising News: How the Media Affect - and Do Not Affect - Politics

Kenneth Newton

Boulder; London: Rienner (2019), x, 277 pp.

"In chapter 2, the book lays down its foundations with a review of a large body of experimental psychology research on how and why individuals can preserve their beliefs, sometimes in the face of all evidence, logic, and argument to the contrary. The second part of the chapter shows that millions of ... people do the same in the real world outside the laboratories, whatever the media say [...] Chapter 3 considers political partisanship and party identification - that is, strong attachments to political ideas, values, and organizations. Experiments show that people are likely to engage in belief preservation where partisan opinions are concerned, and the same seems to be true of partisans in the outside world [...] Chapter 4 broadens the scope of inquiry to examine how non-partisanship and non-party political beliefs and values can influence the ways the majoritiy of individuals receive and process news reports and draw conclusions from them [...] The first eight chapters deal mainly with the micro, demand side of the equation - but there is also the macro, supply side of news media systems. Supply and demand are often analyzed separately, although understanding media effects requires examining the interaction between them [...] Chapter 9 compares commercial and public service broadcasting, showing that they have different effects on political knowledge, trust, participation, and democratic support. Chapter 10 turns to the classic theory of news media pluralism as a cornerstone of modern democracy [...] The research strategy of this book involves comparing and contrasting a large number of studies of media effects on political attitudes and behavior in order to compare and contrast the conclusions they reach. The book does not merely traingulate in order to reach reliabe conclusions, but it polyangulates, using many different studies written by sociologists, political scientists, psychologists, and economists who employ a variety of methods to investigate many possible media effects on politics. American and British research is used in the main, but single-country research on Russia, the Netherlands, Canada, France, Italy, Spain, Germany, and Belgium is included, as are comparative studies of European Union member states." (Chapter 1, page 2-5) more

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Media Trust in a Digital World: Communication at Crossroads

Thomas Osburg, Stephanie Heinecke (eds.)

Cham: Springer (2019), xiv, 262 pp.

"This book examines the shifting role of media trust in a digital world, and critically analyzes how news and stories are created, distributed and consumed. Emphasis is placed on the current challenges and possible solutions to regain trust and restore credibility. The book reveals the role of trust ... more

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How Much Does the World Trust Journalists?

Zaac Ritter

Gallup (2019)

"The degree that the public trusts journalists varies widely across 144 countries and territories included in the 2018 Wellcome Global Monitor study. Worldwide, the percentage who express at least some trust in journalists ranges from a low of 12% in Greece to a high of 93% in Uzbekistan. Median glo ... more

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Somalia Media Mapping and Landscape Survey

Washington, DC: USAID (2019), 138 pp.

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Strong Majority in South East Europe: Public Service Media Are Important for Democracy. Results of KAS Media Programme’s Survey on Significance of Public Service Media in Ten Countries of South East Europe

Hendrik Sittig, Darija Fabijanic (eds.)

Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS), Media Programme South East Europe (2019), 5 pp.

"The Media Programme South East Europe of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) has taken a closer look at the current situation and developments of public service media in South East Europe the last couple of months. In a current representative opinion poll, over 10 000 people from all ten countries, ... more

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Syria Audience Research 2018

Evaline Schot

Free Press Unlimited (2019), 15 pp.

"The findings of this research show that Syrians, regardless of the party in power in the area in which they reside, have a shared definition of independent media. They define it as “unbiased”, “not favouring any side”, and “credible”. Syrian audiences involved in the research emerge as ... more

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Media Use in the Middle East: A Seven-Nation Survey

Everette E. Dennis, Justin D. Martin, Fouad Hassan

Qatar: Northwestern University in Qatar (2019), 104 pp.

"This 2019 report pays special attention to social media and social media influencers even as it focuses heavily on news media. As always, we look at media use by platform and content while also honing in both generally and in detail on the use of the internet. As a member of the World Internet Proj ... more

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Rádio: Credibilidade, resultado e união nacional

São Paulo: Associacão Brasileira de Emissoras de Rádio e Televisão (ABERT) (2019), 25 pp.

"Nove em cada 10 adultos conectados escutam rádio off-line. O rádio é o meio líder em confiança no Brasil. 64% percebem que a maioria das notícias consumidas no rádio é verdadeira. Mais da metade dos ouvintes brasileiros ligam o rádio porque querem se informar. Quando usado de forma combina ... more

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Media Image Among the Public and Media Trust in Albania

Rrapo Zguir

Tirana: Albanian Media Institute (2019), 36 pp.

"The survey discovers that the Albanian public, in its overwhelming majority, considers that the media has great importance for the democracy of a country. However, although they recognize the very important role of the media vis-à-vis democracy, about half of respondents say that Albanian media ha ... more

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How Free is Too Free? Across Africa, Media Freedom is on the Defensive
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Jeffrey Conroy-Krutz, Josephine Appiah-Nyamekye

Cape Town: Afrobarometer (2019), 34 pp.

"Popular support for media freedom continues to decline, dropping to below half (47%) of respondents across 34 countries. More Africans (49%) now say governments should have the right to prevent publications they consider harmful. Twenty-five of 31 countries tracked since 2011 experienced declines i ... more

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Meinungsmonitor Entwicklungspolitik 2019: Medien, Mediennutzung und Berichterstattung zu weltweiter Armut

Sebastian H. Schneider, Jens Eger, Paolo Morini, David Hudson, Jennifer Hudson

Bonn: Deutsches Evaluierungsinstitut der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit (DEval) (2019), xv, 102 pp.

"In dieser Studie wird untersucht, welche Medien die Bevölkerung nutzt, inwieweit sie diesen und den Sendern von entwicklungspolitischen Informationen vertraut (z. B. Bundesregierung oder Entwicklungsorganisationen) und in welchem Maß sie über die Medien in Kontakt mit dem für die Entwicklungspo ... more

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Pluralism in a Hybrid Media Environment from the User Perspective

Beata Klimkiewicz

San Domenico de Fiesole (IT): European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies (2019), 21 pp.

"The analyzed studies and surveys reflect some common trends concerning changing news habits in Europe. First, although the newspapers are still the main original sources for stories and provide institutional basis for high-quality journalism, they are not the primary gateways through which users ac ... more

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Politics and Social Media in the Middle East and North Africa: Trends and Trust in Online Information

Jason Wee, Sophie Li

Arab Barometer (2019), 14 pp.

How Free is Too Free? Across Africa, Media Freedom is on the Defensive Top Insights

How Free is Too Free? Across Africa, Media Freedom is on the Defensive
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