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Hate Speech, Hate Speech in Social Media
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Hate Narratives in the Western Balkans and Turkey
Ljubljana: Peace Institute (2021), 29 pp.
Digitale Bildkulturen: Bildproteste, Screenshots, Hassbilder, Netzfeminismus und Selfies
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb), Sonderausg. (2021), 397 pp.
"Als Selfie oder im politischen Prozess, als gleichermaßen fluide wie langlebige Postings, in verstörenden Hassbildern oder als Labor des Feminismus wirken digitale Bilder in je eigenen Kontexten: Menschen inszenieren sich und werden inszeniert, vernetzen und bekämpfen sich, posieren und protesti
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Bloggen gegen Rassismus: Holen wir uns das Netz zurück!
Key Guides
Bonn: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb) (2021), 203 pp.
"Fake News, Hate Speech und Rassismus im Netz: Soziale Medien bieten Menschen und Organisationen auch dafür eine Plattform. Wie kann man gegensteuern und selbst aktiv für Demokratie, Meinungsvielfalt und die Entgiftung des gesellschaftlichen Klimas eintreten? Said Rezek, Politikwissenschaftler und
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Addressing Hate Speech on Social Media: Contemporary Challenges
Paris: UNESCO (2021), 10 pp.
"This discussion paper seeks to give an overview of the key aspects that need to be taken into consideration to address the occurrence of hate speech on social media, be it through concrete regulations by social media companies, counter efforts and legislations or preventive educational measures. Th
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Caste-Hate Speech: Addressing Hate Speech Based on Work and Descent
International Dalit Solidarity Network (2021), 33 pp.
"Caste discrimination remains one of the world’s most serious human rights issues. It is intrinsically linked with hate speech, but as this report has demonstrated, insufficient attention has been paid to the caste-based aspects of hate speech. All too often, caste-hate speech is allowed to contin
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A Lexicon of Hateful and Inflammatory Speech in the Central African Republic
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: PeaceTech Lab; United States Institute of Peace (USIP); Association Jeunesse en Marche pour le Développement en Centrafrique (AJEMADEC) (2021), 38 pp.
"Since 2014, PeaceTech Lab has undertaken research and worked with local partners in 13 countries to understand the dynamics of hate speech and the connection between the proliferation of hateful narratives online and violent events offline. This research and the resulting lexicons seek to identify
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Fake News Misinformation and Hate Speech in Ethiopia: A Vulnerability Assessment
Brussels: European Institute of Peace (2021), 22 pp.
"The assessment found that Ethiopia's media ecosystem's weaknesses have made it vulnerable to fake news, misinformation, and hate speech. Some of the driving factors are undoubtedly historical, including the weak state of private media in Ethiopia, the critical role of the Ethiopian diaspora in medi
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Reclaiming the Public Sphere in a Global Health Crisis
Javnost: The Public, volume 28, issue 2 (2021), pp. 111-235
A Comparative Study on Hate Speech and Incitement to Violence in Syrian Media. Second Monitoring Round (2020)
Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression (SCM) (2021), 53 pp.
"The Syrian media of various types and geographical distribution use hate speech and incitement to Violence disproportionately. The average use of public hate speech in the Syrian media was (17.99%) as a percentage of the monitored content of the study sample, which is considered a low percentage wh
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Netzpolitik: Eine feministische Einführung
Opladen; Berlin: Verlag Barbara Budrich (2021), 188 pp.
"Die Publikation führt in die Thematiken einer feministischen Netzpolitik ein und zeigt deren Potentiale auf. Zudem unternimmt sie den Versuch, einen neuen Gesellschaftsvertrag des Digitalen zu entwerfen. Anhand von zwei zentralen Themen- und Diskussionsfeldern, „Digitale Gewalt“ und „Überwa
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Un lexique de discours haineux et incendiaire en République Centrafricaine
Deep Insights
Washington, DC: PeaceTech Lab; United States Institute of Peace (USIP); Association Jeunesse en Marche pour le Développement en Centrafrique (AJEMADEC) (2021), 38 pp.
"Depuis 2014, PeaceTech Lab a entrepris des recherches et travaillé avec des partenaires locaux dans 13 pays pour comprendre la dynamique des discours de haine et le lien entre la prolifération des récits haineux en ligne et les événements violents hors ligne. Cette recherche et les lexiques qu
...
Online Caste-Hate Speech: Pervasive Discrimination and Humiliation on Social Media
Centre for Internet and Society (CIS) (2021), 32 pp.
"In India, religious texts, social customs, rituals, and everyday cultural practices legitimise the use of hate speech against marginalised caste groups. Notions of "purity" of “upper-caste” groups, and conversely of "pollution" of “lower-caste” groups, have made the latter subject to discri
...
Hate Speech Among Politicians in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sarajevo: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2021), 12 pp.
The "Hate Speech" Policies of Major Platforms During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Montevideo: UNESCO Office Montevideo and Regional Bureau for Science in Latin America and the Caribbean (2021), 32 pp.
"This document reports an increase in so-called “hate speech” posts on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although dissimilar, such an increase can be observed in the transparency reports of the different platforms and the surge in content moderation since M
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The Attacks on Palestinian Digital Rights: Progress Report, May 6-19, 2021
7amleh – Arab Center for Social Media Advancement (2021), 15 pp.
"Over the past two weeks, 7amleh - The Arab Center for the Advancement of Social Media has worked to document and respond to the digital rights violations occurring during the 2021 Israeli attacks on Gaza, Palestinians in mixed cities in Israel and forcible displacement of Palestinians in East Jerus
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Hate Narratives and Disinformation in Online Media in Albania
Tirana: South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2021), 27 pp.
"The case studies analyzed here show that, in general, the mainstream media does not produce hate speech narratives on its own, but does become a vehicle for carrying them. The greatest producers of hate narratives, division, disinformation, and polarization remain the political actors, partly becau
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Hateful Speech and Conflict in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia: A Lexicon of Hateful and Inflammatory Words and Phrases
Washington, DC: PeaceTech Lab; Centre for the Advancement of Rights and Democracy (CARD); Destiny Ethiopia Project (2021), 56 pp.
"The list of terms included in this lexicon, as well as their proposed meaning and contextualization, are not static. Instead, the lexicon is a ‘snapshot’ (in time and space) of how hateful language is used, perceived, and understood by those who contributed to the research process in Ethiopia b
...
Beyond Fake News: The Central African Republic’s Hate Speech Problem
United States Institute of Peace (USIP), August 16 (2021)
"After a recent contested election, the Central African Republic finds itself in a precarious situation. Violence around the election combined with the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 and destructive flooding have caused the humanitarian emergency to reach its worst state in five years. Meanwhile
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Social Networks and the Challenge of Hate Disguised as Fear and Politics
Journal for Deradicalization, issue 26 (2021), pp. 1-33
"This case study examines social networks as the modern intersections of radical discourse and political extremism. But, as this research will show, extremist content in social networks, even that which has telegraphed violent hate crimes, is seldom communicated in textbook forms bigotry or provocat
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Grenzenloser Hass im Internet: Dramatische Lage in ganz Europa
Berlin: Hate Aid (2021), 5 pp.
