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Models of Governance of Online Hate Speech
Council of Europe (2020), 198 pp.
"For some users the current Internet epoch can be considered the Internet of Hate which poses serious human rights concerns. Reflecting the scale and seriousness of the problem, innovations in governance tools for online hate have been initiated by national governments, intergovernmental organisatio
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Analysis of Ethiopia’s Hate Speech and Disinformation Prevention and Suppression Proclamation No.1185/2020
Kampala: CIPESA (2020), 4 pp.
"Although the Proclamation has good intentions of curbing hate speech in Ethiopia, it fundamentally restricts freedom of expression online and the right to information. Further, the proclamation has a chilling effect on online and offline rights, which could lead to self-censorship. For instance, jo
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Working Group on Infodemics: Policy Framework
Key Guides
Forum on Information & Democracy (2020), 127 pp.
"The Forum on Information & Democracy proposes a number of policy steps to democratic governments and their supporters. Transparency and accountability need to be shored up and content moderation should be done according to democratic mandates and oversight. The impact of new platforms where disinfo
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Más que palabras: Buscando consensos para caracterizar el discurso de odio
Asociación por los Derechos Civiles (ADC) (2020), 37 pp.
"[...] la presente investigación tiene como objeto cuatro naciones de América Latina: Argentina, Brasil, Costa Rica y Panamá. Se analiza de qué manera cada uno de los países seleccionados caracteriza al discurso de odio y cómo lo enfrenta. Este abordaje se realizó desde una perspectiva legal
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Discurso de odio en América Latina: Tendencias de regulación, rol de los intermediarios y riesgos para la libertad de expresión
Santiago de Chile: Derechos Digitales (2020), 24 pp.
"En gran parte de América Latina existen normas que buscan regular los actos de discurso, ya sea a través de normativas contra el discurso de odio, o mediante la penalización de los “delitos de honor” (cuyo traslado al ámbito civil y la correspondiente despenalización, dicho sea de paso, es
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Apostasy, Blasphemy, and Hate Speech Laws in Africa: Implications for Freedom of Religion or Belief
Washington, DC: United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) (2019), 52 pp.
"This report shines light on the following trends:
- Blasphemy and apostasy laws are often overbroad and can be used to limit a variety of religious expression. These laws violate international human rights law and should be repealed.
- Hate speech laws are also generally overbroad and can be used t
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Putting Faith in Hate: When Religion is the Source or Target of Hate Speech
Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press (2018), ix, 161 pp.
"Richard Moon examines the application of hate speech laws when religion is either the source or target of such speech. Moon describes the various legal restrictions on hate speech, religious insult, and blasphemy in Canada, Europe and elsewhere, and uses cases from different jurisdictions to illust
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Addressing Hate Speech and Racism in the Media in the Southern Mediterranean: A Review of Formal and Informal Regulatory Approaches
MedMedia (2018), 46 pp.
"This report looks at media practices and regulatory tools that are available to address hate speech and racism in the media, with a focus on eight countries, namely Algeria, Egypt, Lebanon, Jordan, Morocco, Palestine and Tunisia. The first part looks at regulatory approaches to addressing these pro
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Self-regulation and ‘hate speech’ on social media platforms
London: Article 19 (2018), 31 pp.
"A number of recent legislative initiatives on ‘hate speech’, including most prominently the 2017 German NetzDG law on social media, make reference to some forms of self-regulation. Voluntary mechanisms between digital companies and various public bodies addressing ‘hate speech’ and other is
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Responding to ‘hate Speech’: Comparative Overview of Six EU Countries
London: Article 19 (2018), 47 pp.
"This publication presents the comparative overview of the legal framework and practices related to ‘hate speech’ in six Member States of the European Union (EU): Austria, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland and the United Kingdom. The publication is based on six individual country reports commissio
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European and International Media Law
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2017), lxx, 583 pp.
"This book is the first to incorporate current academic literature on European, transnational, and international media law into a comprehensive overview intended primarily for students. It introduces the legal framework for globalised communication via mass media, and considers the transformative ef
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Media Regulatory Authorities and Hate Speech
Belgrade: Council of Europe (2017), 136 pp.
Online Hate Speech in the European Union: A Discourse-Analytic Perspective
Springer (2017), viii, 90 pp.
"The central objective of this volume has been to show that legislation against hate speech in the EU may be an effective first step towards combatting the phenomenon, but it might not be adequate on its own to contain the present situation. This is because hate speech has multiple ways of being exp
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"Das deutsche Rechtssystem basiert grundsätzlich auf individuellem Rechtsschutz. Nur die bzw. der Einzelne kann also eigene Rechte einklagen. Doch gerade wenn es um strukturelle Rechtsverletzungen geht, wie es zum Beispiel bei digitaler Gewalt meist der Fall ist, wäre eine kollektive Rechtsmobilis
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Hate Speech and Democratic Citizenship
Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press (2016), xiii, 248 pp.
"Contrary to dominant views within international law and institutions, it is never democratically legitimate to punish citizens solely for repulsive or dangerous viewpoints expressed within public discourse. With the controversial exception of the US, however, most states prohibit some forms of raci
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Incitement in Media Content and Political Discourse in EU Member States
Vienna: European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) (2016), 16 pp.
"This European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) contribution to the second Annual Colloquium on Fundamental Rights provides a snapshot of manifestations of incitement in media content and political discourse against different groups in EU member states. It outlines the European and internat
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The Inherent Danger of Hate Speech Legislation: A Case Study from Rwanda and Kenya on the Failure of a Preventative Measure
Windhoek: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) (2016), 119 pp.
"Based on the analyses of Rwandan and Kenyan cases, hate speech legislation is not an appropriate tool to prevent harm emanating from hate speech. The empirically verifiable costs of the tool by far outweigh its putative benefits. In Rwanda, opposition politicians are convicted for criticising gover
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Free Speech and Censorship Around the Globe
Deep Insights
Budapest; New York: Central European University Press (2015), x, 552 pp.
"This is a book about free speech narratives. Stories about how imagination and rational thinking in wildly different cultures capture, imagine, and conceptualize what freedom of speech means. 1989 and 2011 are only two recent (in historic perspective) turning points when freedom of speech and freed
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