"Sections of the book engage in critical reflection on what peacebuilding effectiveness is and who gets to decide, provide practical examples and case studies of the successes and failures of assessing peacebuilding work, and support innovative strategies and tools to move the field forward. Chapter
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s reflect a variety of perspectives on peacebuilding effectiveness and methods—quantitative, qualitative, and participatory—to evaluate peacebuilding efforts, with particular attention to approaches that center those local to the peacebuilding process. Practitioners and policymakers alike will find useful arguments and approaches for evaluating peacebuilding activities and making the case for funding such efforts." (Publisher description)
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"The impact framework is a set of tools and guidelines that helps to define targets for, track, and assess the impact of activities under the supported media projects in a clear and organised way; it can also be used for other media projects. Its methodology embraces a user-centric approach, links p
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roject activities to key performance indicators (KPIs) and outcomes, and helps to identify and collect data from the beginning to the end of the projects. The impact framework also allows the programme’s media outlet teams to assess risks, track projects’ progress towards established targets and, if necessary, correct their course in a timely fashion." (Page 3)
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"The Fifth Edition of the bestselling 'Utilization-Focused Evaluation' provides expert, detailed advice on conducting evaluations that promote effective use of the findings. Chock full of useful pedagogy, this book presents Michael Quinn Patton's distinctive opinions based on more than forty years o
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f experience, and also the expertise of new co-author Charmagne E. Campbell-Patton. The authors begin by describing the essence of utilization-focused evaluation, and then outline 10 operating principles. They conclude with chapters focused on how evaluation can be used to promote a more thoughtful, equitable, and sustainable world." (Publisher description)
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"This book is written to provide detailed, rigorous guidance on how to conduct impact evaluations of government and nongovernment programs and projects. It covers all the leading quantitative impact evaluation methods, explaining the assumptions required for them to provide unbiased estimates and th
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e data required to implement them. It also provides many examples of how these methods have been applied in developing economies. The book’s contents are based on lectures given by the authors, and their collaborators, as part of a two-week intensive course conducted in China, Peru, South Africa, and Uganda between 2012 and 2017. The courses in China, South Africa, and Uganda were administered and supported by the Centers for Learning on Evaluation and Results (CLEAR) Initiative, a multidonor partnership program for evaluation capacity development with its secretariat at the World Bank and centers located in universities in different parts of the world; in 2020, the program and centers became part of the Global Evaluation Initiative. The presentation of the material in this book is at a high technical level. It assumes that the reader is very comfortable with algebra and has an intermediate knowledge of statistical theory. It is essentially a graduate-level textbook for use in economics, public policy, or related academic programs, although it may also be useful for a course designed for advanced undergraduate students." (Preface)
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"This tool is on how to categorize and analyse outcomes already harvested with informal workers in an online workshop using Tool 7, and how to use this analysis to discuss achievements, challenges, and strategy with the same participants. Tool 7 took you through how to support participants in a work
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shop to harvest outcomes: WIEGO outcomes – that is changes made by informal workers, Nets or MBOs1 that WIEGO has influenced directly, for example through a training or other intervention; and outcomes that those workers, Nets or MBOs in turn have influenced through their own actions. In this Tool 8, the WIEGO facilitation team first categorizes and analyses outcomes that were harvested in the Tool 7 workshop; and then in a second online workshop, you facilitate participants interpreting findings and identifying implications for improving their strategies, and potentially for WIEGO to improve your original training workshop. The online workshops described in these two tools (7 and 8) aims to strengthen capacity of participants in telling their stories and in analysing their influence and its strategic implications. Note: there are separate tools in the WIEGO MLE Toolkit (5 and 6), for doing this in a face-to-face workshop." (The Focus of this Tool)
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"This tool is on how to categorize, analyse and interpret outcomes already harvested using Tool 5, in a workshop setting. Tool 5 takes you through how to support participants in a workshop to harvest: WIEGO outcomes – that is changes made by informal workers, Nets or MBOs1 that WIEGO has influence
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d directly, for example through a training or other intervention; and outcomes that those workers, Nets or MBOs in turn have influenced through their own actions; or outcomes that WIEGO has influenced directly – assuming this is an internal WIEGO workshop rather than a workshop with informal workers. Tool 6 demonstrates how you collectively categorize, analyse, and interpret the outcomes identified during the workshop 5. This tool comes in this face-to-face version and in an online version (Tool 8). The workshops described in these two tools aims to strengthen capacity of participants in telling their stories and in analysing their influence and its strategic implications." (The Focus of this Tool)
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"A great way to find out if WIEGO’s interventions – trainings or other kinds of supports to Nets and MBOs – have worked well, or if people have used our tools and materials, is to engage them in a follow-up evaluation workshop. This Tool 5 takes you through the process of supporting participan
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ts to describe changes they or their organizations have influenced since WIEGO’s interventions, or since they got WIEGO’s toolkits or materials. You can also use it within WIEGO to harvest outcomes that members of the WIEGO team, individually or collectively have influenced. This tool comes in this face-to-face version and in an online version (Tool 7). Tool 6 takes you through how to collectively analyse those outcomes and consider their strategic implications. The online version is Tool 8. The workshops described in these two tools aims to also strengthen capacity of Net or MBO participants in telling their stories and in analysing their influence and its strategic implications." (The Focus of this Tool)
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"In your day to day work you notice changes that others are making, influenced by WIEGO. How do you capture these to support WIEGO’s learning? This tool provides an explanation of what to look for, and a template for documenting outcomes, why they matter (their significance) and how WIEGO or WIEGO
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partners contributed towards them." (The Focus of this Tool)
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"This Tool 7 is an online version of Tool 5 of the WIEGO MLE Toolkit: How to conduct a participatory workshop: harvesting outcomes. That tool discusses the rationale and gives illustrative examples of running a participatory OH workshop, and these are not repeated here. Please read them first. Tool
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8 is the online version of Tool 6 on outcomes analysis and strategic learning. A great way to find out if WIEGO’s interventions – trainings or other kinds of supports to Nets and MBOs – have worked well, or if people have used our tools and materials, is to engage them in a follow-up evaluation workshop. This Tool takes you through the process of supporting participants to describe changes they or their organizations have influenced since WIEGO’s interventions, or since they got WIEGO’s toolkits or materials. The online workshop in Tool 8 should take place one or a few days after this first workshop, giving you time to analyse the harvested outcomes before the workshop. It engages participants to interpret the analysis of the outcomes they harvested. They consider if and how well they are using the materials and having the influence they hope to have, whether on their own institutions or on external actors. The online workshops described in these two tools (7 and 8) aims to strengthen capacity of participants in telling their stories and in analysing their influence and its strategic implications." (The Focus of this Tool)
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"Big data can contribute to the evidence base in development sectors where evaluations are often infeasible due to data issues. Given the rapidly increasing availability of big data and improving computation capacity, there is a great potential for using big data in future impact evaluations. Big da
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ta can also contribute to evaluations through providing new ways to identify control groups and establish counterfactuals, and can strengthen the analysis with data on pre-programme trends, covariates, and sub-groups, as well as enabling better robustness analyses. However, there are several analytical, ethical, and logistical challenges that may hinder the use of big data in impact evaluations. Standards should be set for the reporting of data quality issues, data representativeness, and data transparency. More interaction is needed between big data analysts, remote sensing scientists, and evaluators." (Conclusion)
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"To mark 20 years of Outcome Mapping, this paper explores the core principles and concepts that are foundational to using the approach. It also presents a set of guiding practices to support transformative change.
Three principles inherent in Outcome Mapping: 1. Social, policy & systems changes depe
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nd on changes in human behaviour; 2. People contribute to their own wellbeing; 3. Sustained improvements in people’s lives or environments depend on relationships.
Four core concepts necessary for effective use of Outcome Mapping: 1. Outcomes understood as changes in behaviour; 2. Spheres of influence; 3. Contributions to outcomes, not attribution; 4. Setting actor-centred boundaries.
Five guiding practices for using Outcome Mapping to support transformational change: 1. Facilitate inclusive & equity-focused participatory change processes; 2. Be accountable to learning at individual, team and organisational levels; 3. Grow a complex adaptive system view, & embrace uncertainty & experimentation; 4. Commit to iterative, collective sense-making with inductive & data driven reasoning; 5. Lead from context & combine Outcome Mapping with other approaches as needed." (Summary, page 2)
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"This paper presents comparative learning from the evaluation of six international development initiatives that applied various forms of Process Tracing. While these initiatives span across diverse contexts and pursued different aims, they are connected by a common thread: all six case studies centr
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e around efforts to influence others - often decision makers and those in power - around aspects such as practices of consultation and inclusion; public policy; and resource allocation. The paper is organized in the following manner. We first explain Process Tracing and review common definitions. Secondly, we consider the potential value added of an explicitly Bayesian approach to Process Tracing. Next, we discuss the six cases where Process Tracing was applied, noting similarities and differences. Then, we explore key practical learning emerging from the cases and insights from the use of different forms of Process Tracing across different programming contexts. These reflections are organized under four meta-themes of participation, Theory of Change, methodological decisions, and mitigating bias. Finally, we present our key recommendations, ending with practical tips, targeted at practitioners and evaluators interested in applying Process Tracing, especially for initiatives falling under the ‘influencing’ umbrella." (Introduction)
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"This guide is meant to serve as a practical resource for funders who want to understand where to start. Informed by feedback from our network, it represents a synthesis of the past seven years of work we’ve done in the impact space, and includes examples of successful media impact evaluation, too
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ls and frameworks for assessment, and the challenges of defining and measuring impact in a rapidly-shifting media landscape. Our years of research have led us to four key insights: 1. There are many different frameworks for measuring media impact for different areas of practice. 2. Funders should be mindful of power dynamics, and thoughtful in determining appropriate impact strategies with their grantees. 3. Digital analytics tools provide a wealth of useful data, but grantees require financial and logistical support in implementing them. 4. There are opportunities for funders to collaborate with each other to share best practices and increase collective impact." (Executive summary)
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"This report brings together disparate terminology, findings and recommendations from the private and public sectors and academia to synthesise a set of five general steps for practitioners when performing impact assessments. Impact assessment (IA) compares a variable of interest after an interventi
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on (e.g. a communication campaign) to what it would it be if that intervention had never happened. Accompanying each of the five steps are examples of how migration communicators can assess the impact of campaigns to, first, change attitudes and, second, change behaviour.
Step 1: Set objectives for the intervention that define what the desired effect is. Ideally, this should (1) meet the SMART criteria of specific, measurable, attainable, relevant and timebound; (2) focus on ultimate outcomes, rather than only outputs; (3) avoid a number of common mistakes in setting objectives and (4) carefully consider what the—as specific as possible— target audience is.
Step 2: Identify a measure of the impact(s) that the intervention has as its objective. These should be (1) clearly defined and unambiguous; (2) externally valid (they act reliably if used for other interventions) and (3) internally valid (they measure what they claim to measure). There already exist long-lists of measures (also known as indicators) to choose from.
Step 3: Estimate what would have happened had there been no intervention, known as a ‘counterfactual’. Ideally, but not necessarily, this requires performing a pre-intervention measurement, also known as baseline assessment. However, this is not always possible. This should not dissuade practitioners but instead assumptions of any IA, as discussed below, should be made openly. A long list of methods for measurement, including sampling considerations, are provided.
Step 4: Perform the intervention. This may involve separating a randomised sample into a treatment group(s)—that receives the intervention(s)—and a control group—that does not. If this is not feasible, other forms of counterfactual are possible that ‘construct’ a control group. This section also overviews: (1) types of communication campaigns; (2) the MINDSPACE checklist of behavioural influences for interventions; (3) key recommendations on persuasive interventions from ICMPD’s previous work; (4) recommendations on campaigns deterring irregular migration.
Step 5: Post-intervention measurement and analysis: (1) those receiving the intervention should be measured post-intervention (ideally, as well as, either a genuine or constructed control group); (2) the impact must be calculated: usually the difference in the variable of interest pre- and post-intervention and/or between the treatment and control group; (3) theoretical consideration of why and what aspect of the campaign caused an impact; are the findings likely to be universalizable?; (4) creation (and, in some cases, incorporation) of recommendations based on combination of impact and theoretical considerations." (Executive summary)
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"Ce rapport réunit une terminologie hétérogène, des conclusions et des recommandations émanant des secteurs privé et public et du monde universitaire pour définir un ensemble de cinq étapes générales à suivre par les professionnels lors de la réalisation d’une EI. L’EI compare une va
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riable étudiée après une action (par ex. une campagne de communication) à ce qu’elle serait si cette action n’avait jamais eu lieu. Accompagnant chacune des cinq étapes, nous présenterons des exemples de la façon dont les communicants en migration peuvent évaluer l’impact des campagnes pour, d’abord, modifier les attitudes et, ensuite, changer les comportements.
Étape 1 : Fixer des objectifs pour l’action qui définissent l’effet souhaité. Dans l’idéal, ils devraient (1) correspondre aux critères SMART : spécifique, mesurable, atteignable, pertinent et temporellement défini; (2) se concentrer sur les résultats finaux, plutôt qu’uniquement sur les produits; (3) éviter certaines erreurs courantes dans la définition des objectifs et (4) déterminer de façon aussi spécifique que possible l’identité du public cible.
Étape 2 : Identifier une mesure de l’impact ou des impacts de l’objectif de l’action. Ces impacts devraient être (1) clairement définis et non ambigus; (2) valides d’un point de vue externe (ils restent fiables s’ils sont utilisés pour d’autres actions) et (3) valides d’un point de vue interne (ils mesurent ce qu’ils prétendent mesurer). Il existe déjà de longues listes de mesures (également connues sous le nom d’indicateurs) parmi lesquelles il est possible de choisir.
Étape 3 : Estimer ce qui se serait passé si l’action n’avait pas eu lieu, ou situation « contrefactuelle ». Idéalement, mais pas nécessairement, cela implique la réalisation de mesures en amont de l’action, également connues sous le nom d’évaluation de base. Néanmoins, ce n’est pas toujours possible. Cela ne devrait pas dissuader les professionnels, en revanche, les hypothèses relatives aux EI devraient faire l’objet d’une discussion ouverte, comme évoqué ci-dessous. Une longue liste de méthodes de mesure, y compris des considérations liées à l’échantillonnage, sont fournies.
• Étape 4 : Réaliser l’action. Cela peut impliquer de séparer un échantillon aléatoire en un ou plusieurs groupes traités, qui font l’objet de l’action/des actions, et un groupe témoin, qui n’en fait pas l’objet. Si cela n’est pas faisable, d’autres formes de situations contrefactuelles sont possibles pour « construire » un groupe témoin. Cette section aborde également : (1) les types de campagnes de communication; (2) la check-list MINDSPACE d’influences comportementales pour les actions; (3) les recommandations clés portant sur les actions persuasives issues des travaux précédents de l’ICMPD; (4) les recommandations relatives aux campagnes de dissuasion de la migration irrégulière.
• Étape 5 : Mesures et analyses en aval de l’action : (1) ceux qui ont bénéficié de l’action doivent faire l’objet de mesures en aval de l’action (idéalement dans le cadre un groupe témoin authentique ou construit); (2) l’impact doit être calculé : généralement la différence entre la variable étudiée en amont et en aval de l’action et/ou entre le groupe traité et témoin; (3) réflexion théorique sur les raisons et les aspects précis de la campagne qui ont causé un impact; les conclusions sont-elles transposables ?; (4) création (et, dans certains cas, incorporation) de recommandations basées sur la combinaison de l’impact et des réflexions théoriques." (Résumé)
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"Outcome Mapping was developed 20 years ago by the International Development Research Centre and for many in the development sector it has become a staple in planning, monitoring and evaluation toolkits. Countless organisations across the world have applied and adapted Outcome Mapping for their own
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projects and programmes, tailored to their needs and contexts. Every now and then we hear about these applications and, as a community of practitioners, we get to learn from them and improve our own understanding and practice. AGIAMONDO is one such organisation, and Managing Outcomes is its generous contribution to our community, building on over ten years of experience with Outcome Mapping. AGIAMONDO have taken the tools and principles of Outcome Mapping and adapted them to their institutional context, using the elements that work best for them, and offering a number of different tools to complement the original OM tools. While AGIAMONDO have developed this approach for their own projects and those of their partner organisations, Managing Outcomes offers an opportunity for learning and discussion for the Outcome Mapping Learning Community. In particular, Managing Outcomes includes a section on situation analysis which helps lay a clear foundation for project planning and it provides a detailed guide for monitoring, reflection and self-evaluation. Through these additions, AGIAMONDO has distilled many practices and innovations in planning, monitoring and evaluation that have arisen since OM was first developed [...]" (Foreword, page iv)
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"Der Report „Wozu Non-Profit-Journalismus?“ macht sich für eine dritte Säule im Mediensystem stark: Der gemeinnützige Journalismus hält der Krise Antworten entgegen und leistet als Ergänzung zum öffentlich-rechtlichen und privaten Verlagsjournalismus einen Beitrag zur Medienvielfalt. Er is
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t frei von kommerziellen Interessen, sucht die Nähe zu seinen Nutzer*innen und agiert innovativ und lösungsorientiert. Der Report gibt erstmals einen Überblick über die Akteur*innen des gemeinnützigen Journalismus im deutschsprachigen Raum, er enthält Tipps für potenzielle Förderer*innen und nennt Empfehlungen für eine Reform des Gemeinnützigkeitsrechts." (https://rudolf-augstein-stiftung.de)
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