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World Happiness Report 2026: Happiness and Social Media

John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, Jeffrey D. Sachs, Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Lara B. Aknin, Shun Wang (eds.)

Oxford: University of Oxford, Wellbeing Research Centre (2026), 268 pp.

"TRENDS IN GLOBAL HAPPINESS • Nordic countries lead the happiness rankings once again. Finland is still in a group of one at the top, followed by a group of three: Iceland, Denmark, and Costa Rica. Sweden and Norway complete the top six, followed by the Netherlands, Israel, Luxembourg, and Switze ... rland to round out the top ten. Costa Rica’s rise to 4th marks the highest ever ranking for a Latin American country. • Looking at changes in happiness from the 2006–2010 base period to 2023–2025, nearly twice as many countries have had significant gains (79) than significant losses (41), among the 136 countries ranked. • Within that period, most of the 21 countries that have gained a point or more on the 0–10 life evaluation scale are in Central and Eastern Europe, reflecting the convergence in European happiness levels that has been clear for more than a decade. Most of the eight countries with drops of more than one point are in or near zones of major conflict. • In general, most Western industrial countries are now less happy than they were between 2005 and 2010. Fifteen of them have had significant drops, compared to four with significant increases. • In a ranking of happiness changes for under-25s, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand (the NANZ region) rank between 122 and 133 in the list of 136 countries. • In eight of the ten global regions shown in Figure 2.2 (covering roughly 90% of the world’s population), those in the youngest age group have higher life evaluations now than in 2006–2010, either in absolute terms or relative to those over 25. Youth wellbeing has only fallen in the NANZ countries and Western Europe, both absolutely and relative to adults. • Negative emotions are becoming more common in all global regions. They are less frequent for the young, except for NANZ, where the increases, relative to other regions, were in sadness. Worry rose more broadly for the young, while the frequency of anger fell everywhere, for young and old alike. • Positive emotions continue to be twice as frequent as negative emotions. In all regions, they are higher for those born recently than for their elders, except for NANZ, where that gap has closed in recent years. HAPPINESS AND SOCIAL MEDIA • Life satisfaction is highest at low rates of social media use and lower at higher rates of use, according to data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) covering seven internet activities for 15-year-old students in 47 countries (but not the NANZ countries, unfortunately). • Internet activities fall into two groups. Communications, news, learning, and content creation are associated with higher life satisfaction. Social media, gaming, and browsing for fun are associated with lower life evaluations. • All internet activities are associated with lower life satisfaction at very high rates of use, especially for girls and for those in the UK and Ireland, the two English-speaking countries in PISA. • Data from Latin America reveal that the type of platform is crucial. Platforms designed to facilitate social connections show a clear positive association with happiness, whereas those driven by algorithmically curated content tend to demonstrate a negative association at high rates of use. • When combined, the PISA and Gallup data show significantly higher youth wellbeing in countries that spend more time using the internet for communication, and insignificantly lower youth wellbeing in countries with higher average hours of social media use. Latin American countries combine high levels 6 World Happiness Report 2026 of social media use with high youth wellbeing, while English-speaking countries show lower youth wellbeing than their fairly typical patterns of internet use can explain. • The prevalence and use patterns for social media are similar in all countries, but their links to life evaluations are stronger in English- speaking countries and Western Europe. These differences do not account for the large drops in youth wellbeing in these countries, however. Much, no doubt, depends on how social media is used and the broader social and economic context. • When school belonging goes from low (10th percentile) to high (90th percentile), the life satisfaction gains for girls in the UK and Ireland are four times greater than social media use going from high (90th percentile) to low (10th percentile). In PISA’s 47-country global sample, the belonging effect is six times larger. This should be relevant when policy options are being considered. SOCIAL MEDIA IS HARMING ADOLESCENTS AT A SCALE LARGE ENOUGH TO CAUSE CHANGES AT THE POPULATION LEVEL • Is social media use reasonably safe for children and adolescents? We call this the “product safety question”, and we present seven lines of evidence showing that the answer is no. • The evidence of harm is found in: 1) surveys of young people; 2) surveys of parents, teachers, and clinicians; 3) contents from corporate documents; 4) findings from cross-sectional studies; 5) findings from longitudinal studies; 6) findings from social media reduction experiments; and 7) findings from natural experiments. • We show there is now overwhelming evidence of severe and widespread direct harms (such as cyberbullying and sextortion), and compelling evidence of troubling indirect harms (such as depression). Furthermore, we show that the harms and risks to individual users are so diverse and vast in scope that they justify the view that social media is causing harm at a population level. • We further argue that when these lines of evidence are considered alongside the timing, scope, and cross-national trends in adolescent wellbeing and mental health, they can help answer a second question: was the rapid adoption of always-available social media by adolescents in the early 2010s a substantial contributor to the population-level increases in mental illness that emerged by the mid 2010s in many Western nations? We call this the “historical trends question”. We draw on our findings about the vast scale of harm uncovered while answering the product safety question to argue that the answer to the historical trends question is “yes”. (Executive summary, pages 6-7) more

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Perpetrators in Documentaries on Genocide

Julian Koch

Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press (2026), 268 pp.

"Perpetrators in Documentaries on Genocide is a wide-ranging comparative study that analyses how numerous genocides and their perpetrators have been presented in documentary film. Spanning seven 20th-century genocides across three continents and combining interviews with filmmakers, distant reading, ... more

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Governance of Social Media Platforms and Regulation of Online Media in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Türkiye

Andia Sokol, Lamija Kovačević, Sinem Aydınlı, Amer Džihana, Marina Grnja Klaić, Mihajlo Lahtov, Ilda Londo, Vesna Rajković

South East European Network for Professionalization of Media (SEENPM) (2026), 81 pp.

"The purpose of this study is to identify the current state of regulatory frameworks governing social media platforms and online media, as well as the main challenges related to the moderation and curation of verified public interest information on these media platforms. The target countries that ar ... more

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Podcasts for ecosocial change: A study of environmental narratives in the English and Spanish contexts

Sara López-Gómez

Radio Journal: International Studies in Broadcast & Audio Media, volume 24, issue 1 (2026), pp. 71-97

"In the context of the current ecological crisis, ecosocial podcasts connect environmental degradation, social injustice, and global inequalities, inviting reflection on the need for socio-environmental transformations. This article offers an overview and comparative mapping of ecosocial podcasting ... more

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Panorama of Exiled Independent Media: Amid Global Geopolitical Turbulence in 2026
Deep Insights

Berlin: JX Fund (2026), 29 pp.

"Exiled Independent Media (EXIM) are no longer a marginal or transitional phenomenon. They have become a permanent and structurally significant part of the global media landscape – and the forces that lead EXIM to appear are, if anything, growing stronger. The sustained rise of authoritarian regim ... more

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Macro-Economic Inequality and National Stereotypes in 45 Non-Western Countries

Vukašin Gligoric, John T. Jost, Jessica V. Schaaf et al.

Social Psychological and Personality Science, volume 17, issue 4 (2026), pp. 492-509

"The assumption that people favor ingroups and disfavor outgroups is based largely on theory and research from Western countries. However, groups subjected to economic exploitation and inequality might come to favor more advantaged outgroups. The present large-scale study (N = 12,339) involving 45 n ... more

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Tributação das Big Techs e Jornalismo: Caminhos para o Brasil

Raphael Lavez, Isabella Panisson, Francisco Brito Cruz

Momentum Journalism & Tech Task Force (2025), 26 pp.

"A atuação e o modelo de negócio das grandes empresas de tecnologia remodelaram profundamente as dinâmicas econômicas de diversos setores, inclusive o do jornalismo. A concentração de receitas publicitárias em grandes plataformas aprofunda a crise estrutural da mídia, colocando em xeque a s ... more

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Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Landlocked Developing States
Deep Insights

Geneva: ITU (2025), iv, 33 pp.

"Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs) face unique development challenges. Higher transportation costs, trade barriers, and limited connectivity impede economic integration. LLDCs rely on neighbouring countries for access to trade routes, resulting in delays and higher costs. These countries also ... more

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Who Makes the News? Progress on a Plateau. Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) Special Edition: 30-year Findings on Change in Gender Equality In and Through the World News Media
Deep Insights

Sarah Macharia, Maximiliano Dueñas Guzmán, Rodrigo Molina et al.

Toronto: World Association of Christian Communication (WACC); Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) (2025), 123 pp.

"This report presents the findings of the seventh iteration of the Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) global snapshot, based on 30,049 news articles containing 58,563 people and 26,708 news personnel in 94 countries on the 7th global monitoring day, May 6, 2025. Key Findings: 1. Thirty years a ... go, the report of the first GMMP called for a shift in coverage beyond the male-dominated realms of political and economic power. Not only has the hierarchy of “hard news” in legacy media persisted across time, it has also crossed over into digital outlets. 2. Digitalization did not bring a radical break from the patriarchal norms of traditional journalism. Instead, it continues to reinforce and amplify a news hierarchy that privileges spheres and issues centred on power, namely, those dominated by men. The challenge is threefold. First, to dismantle the “hard news” bias, second, to integrate more intentionally spaces and issues of greater concern to women, and third, to enable visibility and voice to women present in traditionally male-dominated spaces. 3. After a period of slow but steady improvement, progress toward gender parity in the news has flatlined since around 2010, failing to reach 50% in any media type. Thirty years after Beijing, women are 26% of those seen, heard, or spoken about in legacy news (29% on news websites). The needle has shifted 9 points in legacy media since 1995, and 4 points in online news during the past 10 years. Minority groups are five points more likely to be present in digital news than in legacy media. The probability of minority women being featured in the news as the main protagonists or as interviewees is two in a hundred in traditional media (3% for men) and 4% on news websites (5% for men). 4. Women’s visibility in political and economic news beats has increased significantly – by 15 points each – over the past three decades. The severe underrepresentation noted in 1995 (7% in political news, 10% in economic news) has improved. Women’s presence in sports news is abysmal, at only 15% of news subjects and sources. 5. The proportion of women providing expert testimony has grown remarkably over the decades, showing the highest increase (+7 points) in digital news since 2015. In legacy media, the gender gap in authoritative roles as experts and spokespersons has closed at a slower pace than for persons providing testimony based on popular opinion and personal experience – ordinary roles that require no specialized knowledge. 6. Patterns of gender-biased portrayal endure despite decades of change in women’s roles in the real world. Women have remained about twice as likely as men to be portrayed as victims since 2010. Historically, women were most often portrayed as victims of accidents or poverty. This pattern was overturned in 2025, with “other crime” and “domestic violence” (by intimate partners and family members) becoming the top victim categories. Women depicted as survivors in legacy media were most likely to have survived “accidents, natural disasters, poverty, and disease” in previous GMMP studies. In 2025, they are most frequently portrayed as domestic violence survivors in equal proportion to accident/disaster survivors. The over-representation of women as homemakers/parents decreased from 81% in 2000 to 73% in 2025, indicating some progress, albeit a persistent journalistic bias toward defining women by domestic roles, despite women’s current unprecedented engagement in work outside the home. Underrepresentation in occupations and in positions of power has remained consistent. The tendency to describe women by their age and physical attributes has also persisted. They have been photographed more often than men (a 7–9-point difference) over the past two decades, with qualitative analysis continuing to show patterns of sexualised portrayal [...]" (Key findings, pages 2-3) more

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Exploring news gratifications across age groups: A European study in 23 countries

Mónica Recalde, Alfonso Vara-Miguel, Jorge del Río Pérez, Cristina Sánchez-Blanco

European Journal of Communication, volume 40, issue 1 (2025), pp. 70-86

"Research on motivations for news consumption has primarily focused on uses and gratifications (U&G) from both conventional and new media. However, there is a gap regarding age perspectives in this field. This study aims to address this gap by examining whether differences and similarities exist in ... more

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World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2022/2025. Journalism: Shaping a World at Peace
Deep Insights

Randy Covington et al.

Paris: UNESCO (2025), 216 pp.

"Free, independent, pluralistic, and professional journalism is key for defending human dignity, advancing justice, and sustaining peace. Yet today, freedom of expression is under assault as seldom before. The 2022/2025 World Trends Report, Journalism: Shaping a World at Peace, underscores the profo ... more

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Entfernte Nachbarn / distant neighbours / vizinhos distantes: Transnationale Öffentlichkeit in afrikanisch-europäischer Nachrichtenberichterstattung

Marcus Kreutler

Wiesbaden: Springer VS (2025), xxii, 351 pp.

"In diesem Buch wird untersucht, ob gleichsprachige Berichterstattung in europäischen und afrikanischen Zeitungen Kennzeichen transnationaler Öffentlichkeit aufweist. Dabei überträgt der Autor ein vor allem mit Blick auf EU-Staaten etabliertes Konzept auf afrikanisch-europäische Länderpaare, d ... more

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Freedom in the World 2025: The Uphill Battle to Safeguard Rights

Yana Gorokhovskaia, Cathryn Grothe

Washington, DC: Freedom House (2025), 29 pp.

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The Index on International Media Freedom Support 2025

Martin Scott, Mel Bunce, Shannon Maguire, Mary Myers

University of East Anglia, Centre for Journalism and Democracy; City St George’s, University of London (2025), 30 pp.

"The Index on International Media Freedom Support (IMFS) evaluates and ranks states based on their support for media freedom beyond their borders. It does this by analysing the contributions that countries have made to international diplomatic, financial and safety / protection initiatives that prom ... ote media freedom. The IMFS Index includes all states that are members of both the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) Development Assistance Committee (DAC) and the Media Freedom Coalition (MFC) (30 countries). These countries have pledged to promote media freedom internationally, and the IMFS holds them accountable for these commitments. The Index draws on data from the previous calendar year (2024), except for the ODA figures, which are for 2023, due to the time lag in reporting. The IMFS Index is produced by an independent research group and is a joint project between City St George’s, University of London, and the University of East Anglia. The results of the 2025 IMFS Index highlight several well performing states: Lithuania (1st) is the highest ranked country, largely due to its diplomatic efforts, including its leadership of two multilateral initiatives. Sweden (2nd) spent a far higher proportion of its Official Development Assistance (ODA) on media development in 2023 than any other country (0.91%). It is the only country to get close to the benchmark of 1.0%, as recommended by the Forum on Information & Democracy. France (5th) is the only country to award funding to all four qualifying multilateral pooled funds in 2024. Latvia (9th) is the only country to have both an active emergency visa scheme dedicated to supporting journalists at-risk and to support a national initiative that promotes the protection and safety of media workers in exile. The IMFS Index also identifies several less encouraging trends and performances: No country performed consistently well across all three areas of diplomacy, funding and safety / protection. Almost two thirds of the 30 countries qualified for the lowest, bronze category, earning only 10 points or less. This includes four members of the G7: the United Kingdom (equal 12th), the United States (equal 12th), Italy (equal 24th) and Japan (28th). The lowest ranked countries were Japan (28th), Slovenia (equal 29th) and South Korea (equal 29th), due to their relative lack of support for diplomacy, funding and safety / protection. However, South Korea and Japan do provide support for the wider enabling environment for media freedom in their ODA spending, which is not measured by this Index. On average, the 30 states in the IMFS Index allocated just 0.16% of their ODA to media development in 2023. Thirteen countries awarded less than 0.1%, including three – Latvia (9th), Greece (21st), and Slovenia (29th) – which reported giving 0%. Only five countries had an emergency visa scheme for journalists in 2024, and only five hosted an assistance programme for journalists in exile. Twenty-one countries had neither." (Executive summary, pages 3-4) more

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Communication and democracy in Brazil and Germany: Media accountability, public service media, internet access and right to information

Danilo Rothberg, Susanne Fengler, Fernando Oliveira Paulino, Rogério Christofoletti (eds.)

São Paulo: Cultura Acadêmica (2025), 304 pp.

"The expertise brought by three important Brazilian public universities (Unesp, UnB, and UFSC), combined with the knowledge accumulated through research investment by the Technische Universität Dortmund, was taken here as a unique and rich source of knowledge capable of avoiding the pitfalls and ov ... more

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Global Expression Report

Article 19 (2025)

"More than 5.6 billion people have experienced a decline in their freedom of expression over the last 10 years. Scores have sunk in 77 countries, and only 35 countries are now ranked as ‘Open.’ Only 4% of us – fewer than 300 million people – across just 15 countries have experienced improvem ... more

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State of digital development and trends in the Americas region: Challenges and opportunities

Geneva: ITU (2025), v, 51 pp.

"This publication provides an in-depth look at digital development across the region, revealing both substantial progress and areas where challenges persist. Internet use is widespread, with nearly nine in ten people online. In a milestone achievement, the Americas is the only region to have fully b ... more

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Journalism under Duress: Worlds of Journalism Study Report (Wave 3: 2021–2025)
Deep Insights

Thomas Hanitzsch, Folker Hanusch, Corinna Lauerer, Vera Slavtcheva-Petkova (eds.)

Munich: Ludwig-Maximilian Universität (LMU), WJS Center (2025), 371 pp.

"This report presents findings from the third wave of the Worlds of Journalism Study (WJS3), conducted between 2021 and 2025. In this iteration, we focused on journalists’ perceptions of risk and uncertainty in their profession and sought to identify key factors that shape how journalists navigate ... more

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Determinants of Journalists’ Trust in Public Institutions: A Macro and Micro Analysis Across 67 Countries

Basyouni Ibrahim Hamada, Davis Vallesi

Journalism Practice, volume 19, issue 2 (2025), pp. 282-303

"Scholars have repeatedly expressed concern about the societal consequences of negative media coverage toward public institutions and political actors. Yet, there remains a lack of systemic understanding about the determinants of this cynical attitude. To examine this issue, we combine aggregate dat ... more

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La alfabetización mediática en Colombia: Una propuesta para la creación de conciencia crítica en los estudios formales y no formales de comunicación

Ricardo Gordo Muskus

Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Tesis Doctoral (2025), 275 pp.

"El concepto de alfabetización mediática (AM), para quienes participaron en el Grupo ComunicArte, ha sido un concepto que ha estado en su formación a partir de las herramientas de aprendizaje y análisis que les ha dotado para construir conocimientos y capacidad crítica al momento de afrontar la ... información de los medios de difusión. Han podido generar habilidades para acceder, analizar, evaluar y crear mensajes a través de diversidad de medios; así, la AM es entendida por esta población como la capacidad que habilita para expresar puntos de vista, pensamientos, opiniones, sobre cómo y lo que informan. El alumnado de la UDistrital, conciben la AM como una herramienta para pensar críticamente y emitir opiniones razonadas gracias a las habilidades, herramientas y conocimientos con los que pueden acceder, analizar, evaluar y crear mensajes a través de diversidad de medios. La AM en la formación de estas dos poblaciones ha sido una herramienta conceptual que les habilita para posicionarse crítica y discursivamente frente a la información de otros medios de difusión. Además, les permite generar contenido mediático de acuerdo a sus necesidades e intereses. No obstante, a estas generalidades, en las que se da a entender que sí hay procesos de AM en la formación, no es algo que se pueda afirmar de manera certera; por lo tanto, es importante que las instituciones colombianas que se dedican a la formación en comunicación profesional o empírica, fortalezcan los procesos de AM, pues tal y como plantea Simons (2017) el profesorado debe estar suficientemente alfabetizado. El estudiantado de la UDistrital cuenta con mayores conocimientos teóricos debido a los contextos de formación. Sus autopercepciones; sin embargo, cuentan con carencias para permitirse interactuar de una manera significativa con los discursos y contenidos mediáticos. Es un aspecto que la universidad debe solucionar, teniendo en cuenta que serán profesionales de la comunicación a futuro y les corresponderá hacer frente a los sistemas mediáticos actuales. Quienes participan de las estrategias comunicativas del Grupo ComunicArte, al preguntarles por la competencia mediática (CM), la entienden preconceptualmente como una capacidad para razonar e interactuar críticamente con y sobre la información que presentan los medios. En la escogencia de selección múltiple de la pregunta que refiere a la definición por CM, en su mayoría la relacionan con las habilidades, conocimientos y actitudes que se asumen para aprovechar de manera efectiva la tecnología comunicativa y así poder actuar frente a los problemas que emergen de la interacción con los medios, identificando estructuras mínimas que los mensajes deben contener y los intereses que hay en quién y cómo se emite. Mientras que, en la UDistrital el estudiantado ve el concepto de CM como una habilidad que les permite poner a prueba sus conocimientos y actitudes para aprovechar de manera efectiva la tecnología comunicativa. A su vez, ayuda a reconocer cuándo una información, creación o producto mediático no cumple con niveles básicos de producción lingüística, técnica, estética, etc. Para las dos poblaciones, los niveles de CM en sus procesos formativos son generalizados; es decir, se poseen algunos conocimientos, actitudes, capacidades, habilidades, etc. que les permiten acceder a una interacción con los distintos medios de difusión; sin embargo, también hay debilidades en la construcción de elementos conceptuales teniendo en cuenta las seis dimensiones que se establecen de CM (Ferrés y Piscitelli, 2012) en este estudio y que se pueden potenciar gracias a los procesos de AM. Las dimensiones de producción y difusión, estética y tecnología, por las respuestas dadas, son con las que estas poblaciones tienen mayores acercamientos; pero queda el interrogante por las otras tres (lenguaje, ideología y valores e interacción) en cuyas respuestas no aparecen de manera explícita. Es importante que la formación reconozca que la integridad de los procesos de la AM debe estar dirigidos hacia la comprensión efectiva de la producción de los mensajes; y esto se logra potenciando la CM a través de las dimensiones propuestas (Ferrés y Piscitelli, 2012). Al preguntar por el pensamiento crítico (PC), quienes participan en el Grupo Comunicarte entienden que es una herramienta que les ayuda a diferenciar tipos de informaciones, mensajes, noticias, que se dan a través de los medios de difusión. Teóricamente, en su mayoría ven al PC como una estrategia que ayuda en la toma de decisiones con el fin de mejorar como comunicadores y comunicadoras, fortaleciendo las habilidades cognitivas e interpretativas. La población estudiantil de la UDistrital, entienden el concepto como una herramienta que se compone de habilidades cognitivas de interpretación, análisis, evaluación, inferencia, explicación y auto regulación. También lo asumen como un ejercicio que permite tomar decisiones individuales y colectivas en relación a proponer y probar puntos de vista e interpretación. Las respuestas en términos generales obligan a que dentro de los procesos formativos se insista en el fortalecimiento en las CM para que estudiantes de comunicación social y periodismo vean la importancia de relacionarse con los sistemas y medios a través de PC; de esta manera la AM pueda estar asegurada en un contexto tecnologizado y mediatizado en los que poco se produce y divulgan contenidos propios, haciendo que los ámbitos de expresión estén por encima de los de análisis, lo que produce que en el estudio de las dimensiones, haya mayor injerencia de la aplicación y actuación sobre la comprensión e interpretación; o sea, se ve que hay formación en cómo se produce una pieza radial, televisiva, digital, etc. Ambas poblaciones ven al PC como un recurso que les permite posicionarse frente a los medios fragmentando los niveles nstrumentales con los cuales se han formado. La dimensión de lenguaje es la que más tiene competencia en estas poblaciones respecto a lo que tiene que ver con el PC; pues en las respuestas se ve el valor que se da a la construcción y producción de contenidos (particularmente en la formación del Grupo ComunicArte) se da importancia al uso cotidiano de palabras, dichos, vocabulario, etc. como aspectos centrales en el proceso de comunicación y, por lo tanto, sentidos. Así mismo en esta población hay entendimiento conceptual en lo que tiene que ver con los procesos de interacción, identificación de enfoques, perspectivas, puntos de vista, ideologías y valores de quiénes informan y cómo informan." (Conclusiones, páginas páginas 209-212) more

Panorama of Exiled Independent Media: Amid Global Geopolitical Turbulence in 2026 Deep Insights

Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Landlocked Developing States Deep Insights

Who Makes the News? Progress on a Plateau. Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) Special Edition: 30-year Findings on Change in Gender Equality In and Through the World News Media Deep Insights

World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2022/2025. Journalism: Shaping a World at Peace Deep Insights

Journalism under Duress: Worlds of Journalism Study Report (Wave 3: 2021–2025) Deep Insights

Panorama of Exiled Independent Media: Amid Global Geopolitical Turbulence in 2026
Deep Insights

Measuring Digital Development. Facts and Figures: Focus on Landlocked Developing States
Deep Insights

Who Makes the News? Progress on a Plateau. Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) Special Edition: 30-year Findings on Change in Gender Equality In and Through the World News Media
Deep Insights

World Trends in Freedom of Expression and Media Development: Global Report 2022/2025. Journalism: Shaping a World at Peace
Deep Insights

Journalism under Duress: Worlds of Journalism Study Report (Wave 3: 2021–2025)
Deep Insights