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Media focus
7382
3757
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505
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Publication Years
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21
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Output Type
14725
Connecting every school in Indonesia to the Internet: Policy landscape assessment
Geneva: ITU (2023), ix, 30 pp.
"Indonesia is in the lowest category on the Global Connectivity Index 2020 in terms of ICT investment, ICT maturity and digital economic performance. It should close the Internet connectivity gap in every educational facility so as to ensure educational opportunities, a productive knowledge-based ec
...
onomy and, ultimately, graduation to a higher category. Internet service affordability is another factor contributing to the urban–rural digital divide, which has widened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite national spending by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology, 40 per cent of students and teachers remain unconnected for reasons related to affordability.
Although Indonesia has reached target prices for mobile Internet service of 1.17 (pre-paid) and 1.40 per cent (post-paid), the requirement to study and teach from home has led to a surge in demand at the same time as it has highlighted the high cost of Internet use in education. The way in which the Internet has been used to study during the pandemic makes it unaffordable for teachers and students [...]
Despite the best efforts of the digital/telecommunication and education sectors, the residual gaps are indicative of a critical policy issue, as revealed by further analyses. Without proper policy intervention, the education sector will continue to suffer the severe impact of connectivity affordability and accessibility gaps. The following policy interventions are recommended to address these gaps: • Option 1: Issue a new presidential decree expanding BAKTI’s programme for school connectivity beyond the current 3T areas; Option 2: Expand the current Internet access programme beyond the 3T areas to connect schools that are most in need, targeting schools in underserved areas. Option 3: To enhance affordability, have BAKTI focus on coverage programmes (e.g. subsidized base transceiver stations), not only in 3T areas, but also where students and teachers live, and the schools become the universal connectivity target. Option 4: If BAKTI has implemented all supply-side interventions, but affordability remains an issue, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology could consider providing demand-side subsidies for underprivileged groups of students and teachers." (Executive summary, pages 27-28)
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Digital transformation and early warning systems for saving lives: Background paper
Geneva: ITU (2023), iv, 36 pp.
"The objective of this paper is to highlight the importance of early warning dissemination and communication, one of the four pillars of multi-hazard early warning systems (MHEWS), which ITU is leading with the newly defined executive action plan for the Early Warnings for All initiative. The key ob
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jective of the paper is to point to the opportunities offered by the growing availability and reach of communication channels, in particular mobile (cellular) networks and services, which make it possible to reach communities at risk, warn about an imminent disaster and provide people with actionable advice. The paper will highlight some key advantages of an effective emergency warning system using mobile networks. It proposes the use of cell broadcast as a minimum national early warning system. New regulations in Europe are examined to show how regulatory measures can help speed up the adoption process. An overview of legislative approaches on MHEWS adopted by 33 countries is given in the Annex, with examples of regulatory measures. It is argued that the availability, adoption, and usage of mobile network services is a critical component for the successful implementation of the ambitious Early Warnings for All initiative. The intention is to initiate discussions and drive coordination between different stakeholders: government policy-makers in emergency management, hydrometeorology and telecommunication; mobile network operators; international organizations; community organizations; and donors of international humanitarian funding. Finally, we highlight the contribution that ITU can make to capitalize on the opportunities of technology and strengthen the capacity of governments to implement and use nationwide alerting systems to save lives." (Page 1)
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Fairwork Vietnam Ratings 2023: Labour Standards in the Platform Economy
Oxford; Berlin: Fairwork (2023), 39 pp.
Fairwork Brazil Ratings 2023: Still Pursuing Decent Work in the Platform Economy
Oxford; Berlin: Fairwork (2023), 47 pp.
Fairwork South Africa Ratings 2023: Advocating for Safety and Dignity in the Platform Economy
Oxford; Berlin: Fairwork (2023), 39 pp.
The State of Broadband 2023: Digital Connectivity a Transformative Opportunity
Geneva: ITU; Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development (2023), vii, 47 pp.
"The Broadband Commission for Sustainable Development welcomes stakeholders and partners to work on achieving universal and meaningful connectivity by 2030, to ensure not just connectivity, but also that those who are connected have the skills and knowledge to use it. Five considerations for the roa
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d ahead: 1. Defining (and re-defining) measurable goals for “universal meaningful connectivity” to meet today’s needs. 2. Close the Usage Gap by addressing key barriers to people adopting and using the Internet where coverage is available. 3. Broaden contributor base and implement creative funding approaches, including incentivising infrastructure funding, reforming USAF approaches. 4. Alignment and incentivizing funding contributors is key for government connectivity plans, mobilizing all sectors’ pools of capital by removing challenges and barriers to network infrastructure investment. 5. Build network infrastructure policies to last with sustainable and agile plans." (Executive summary)
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Safer TikTok: Strategien im Umgang mit Antisemitismus und Hassrede auf TikTok
Frankfurt am Main: Bildungsstätte Anne Frank (2023), 53 pp.
"Verschwörungstheoretiker*innen, Antisemit*innen und Rassist*innen haben sich ein Standbein auf TikTok gebaut – das berichten Expert*innen und bildungspolitische Akteur*innen immer wieder. Besonders in Krisenzeiten hat diese Art Content Konjunktur – so etwa während der Corona-Pandamie oder der
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erneuten Eskalation des Nahostkonflikts im Mai 2021. Auch wir als Bildungsstätte Anne Frank beobachten, dass hier nahezu keinerlei Zurückhaltung mehr herrscht: Regelmäßig werden auch unsere Videos mit sexistischen und antisemitischen Kommentaren geflutet [...] TikTok verweist gerne auf die eigenen Community-Richtlinien, die natürlich Hass, Beleidigungen und Mobbing auf der Plattform verbieten; die Plattform wirbt immer wieder damit, wie viele Videos aus dem Verkehr gezogen wurden. Dennoch: Antisemitismus, Rassismus, Sexismus, Queerfeindlichkeit, Ableismus und Verschwörungserzählungen sind auf TikTok omnipräsent. Ohne ein aktives und qualifiziertes Engagement von Influencer*innen, Institutionen und Nutzer*innen ist ihre Bekämpfung unter den aktuellen Bedingungen nicht möglich." (Vorwort, Seite 2-3)
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Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2024
Deep Insights
"In many countries, especially outside Europe and the United States, we find a significant further decline in the use of Facebook for news and a growing reliance on a range of alternatives including private messaging apps and video networks. Facebook news consumption is down 4 percentage points, acr
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oss all countries, in the last year.
• News use across online platforms is fragmenting, with six networks now reaching at least 10% of our respondents, compared with just two a decade ago. YouTube is used for news by almost a third (31%) of our global sample each week, WhatsApp by around a fifth (21%), while TikTok (13%) has overtaken Twitter (10%), now rebranded X, for the first time.
• Linked to these shifts, video is becoming a more important source of online news, especially with younger groups. Short news videos are accessed by two-thirds (66%) of our sample each week, with longer formats attracting around half (51%). The main locus of news video consumption is online platforms (72%) rather than publisher websites (22%), increasing the challenges around monetisation and connection.
• Although the platform mix is shifting, the majority continue to identify platforms including social media, search, or aggregators as their main gateway to online news. Across markets, only around a fifth of respondents (22%) identify news websites or apps as their main source of online news – that’s down 10 percentage points on 2018. Publishers in a few Northern European markets have managed to buck this trend, but younger groups everywhere are showing a weaker connection with news brands than they did in the past.
• Turning to the sources that people pay most attention to when it comes to news on various platforms, we find an increasing focus on partisan commentators, influencers, and young news creators, especially on YouTube and TikTok. But in social networks such as Facebook and X, traditional news brands and journalists still tend to play a prominent role.
• Concern about what is real and what is fake on the internet when it comes to online news has risen by 3 percentage points in the last year with around six in ten (59%) saying they are concerned. The figure is considerably higher in South Africa (81%) and the United States (72%), both countries that have been holding elections this year.
• Worries about how to distinguish between trustworthy and untrustworthy content in online platforms is highest for TikTok and X when compared with other online networks. Both platforms have hosted misinformation or conspiracies around stories such as the war in Gaza, and the Princess of Wales’s health, as well as so-called ‘deep fake’ pictures and videos." (Executive summary, page 10)
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Communicating About Vaccination-Related Risks
Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) (2023), viii, 74 pp.
"The objective of this document is to help professional health communicators (PHCs) in the countries of the Region of the Americas improve their local and national communications on vaccine-related risks, to strengthen trust in immunization, and ultimately to increase uptake of new and routine vacci
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nes across the life course. It is meant for health communications professionals, especially those working in the ministries of health supporting the NIP." (Page viii)
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Navigating the Infodemic with MIL: Media and Information Literacy
Buenos Aires; Paris: Defensoría del Pueblo; UNESCO (2023), 284 pp.
"These book’s articles are the result of the First Conference on Digital Literacy, Citizenship and Disinformation in Times of Pandemic, jointly organised by the UNESCO Regional Office in Montevideo, Uruguay, and the Public Defender’s Office of Audience Rights. Five thousand people participated i
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n the event, either following the live streaming or visualising the recordings afterwards [...] The main purpose of the meeting was to bring together researchers, academics, public policy managers, community and private organizations, to share experiences and knowledge on Media and Information Literacy (MIL); to synthesise experiences on MIL development, disinformation and hate speech in pandemics; to systematise the effects of the pandemic on the education system with different actors involved and to prepare proposals for the development of future public policies. Among other results, this meeting led to this book, which we are now pleased to introduce. As a result of this Conference, the Public Defender's Office also carried out a survey with elementary and high school teachers from all over the country, as part of a supporting plan about communication in conventional media and digital platforms. This survey confirmed that a very high proportion of the respondents state they need training on this subject for their work. When confronted with the question “Do you think you need more training in Communication Media and Technologies?” 88.3% of the participants answered affirmatively, and only 11.7% said “no”, according to preliminary results." (Introduction, page 19-20)
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Addressing Gendered Disinformation: Review of Current Recommendations and the Case for Broadening Responses
Key Guides
IREX (2023), 27 pp.
"This report summarizes and groups the most common recommendations to address gendered disinformation and analyzes gaps between the evidence base and the recommendations made to date. This review is aimed toward those who seek to develop solutions to gendered disinformation in its different forms, a
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lthough stakeholders across sectors should consider how they can operationalize these recommendations. While reviewers found many actionable recommendations, they also noticed significant gaps and missed opportunities for impact and collaboration." (Executive summary, page 4)
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